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本文根据南海深海盆地三个沉积柱样的粒度结构、地球化学、微体古生物等特征分析,深讨了南海深海盆地细粒沉积物的浊积现象。结果表明,位于南海北部陆架斜坡上KL37孔的浊流沉积现象并不明显;位于陆架斜坡和深海盆地交界处的KL29孔存在着大量的浊积层,属于浊流沉积和半远洋沉积环境;位于南海盆地中部的KL91孔虽然已属于远洋性沉积环境,但除出现火山灰沉积外,浊流沉积作用仍然是相当活跃的。 相似文献
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深海二叠——三叠系界线研究现状 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
综述了深海二叠(P)--三叠系(T)界线研究现状,介绍了深海P-T界线附近岩石地层,生物地层、缺氧事件及生物绝灭和复苏的研究进展,指出了深海P-T界线,缺氧事件和生物绝灭研究的分歧、不足及其症结。 相似文献
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Alastair H. F. Robertson Steffen Kutterolf Aaron Avery Alan T. Baxter Katerina Petronotis Gary D. Acton 《International Geology Review》2018,60(15):1816-1854
New biostratigraphical, geochemical, and magnetic evidence is synthesized with IODP Expedition 352 shipboard results to understand the sedimentary and tectono-magmatic development of the Izu–Bonin outer forearc region. The oceanic basement of the Izu–Bonin forearc was created by supra-subduction zone seafloor spreading during early Eocene (c. 50–51 Ma). Seafloor spreading created an irregular seafloor topography on which talus locally accumulated. Oxide-rich sediments accumulated above the igneous basement by mixing of hydrothermal and pelagic sediment. Basaltic volcanism was followed by a hiatus of up to 15 million years as a result of topographic isolation or sediment bypassing. Variably tuffaceous deep-sea sediments were deposited during Oligocene to early Miocene and from mid-Miocene to Pleistocene. The sediments ponded into extensional fault-controlled basins, whereas condensed sediments accumulated on a local basement high. Oligocene nannofossil ooze accumulated together with felsic tuff that was mainly derived from the nearby Izu–Bonin arc. Accumulation of radiolarian-bearing mud, silty clay, and hydrogenous metal oxides beneath the carbonate compensation depth (CCD) characterized the early Miocene, followed by middle Miocene–Pleistocene increased carbonate preservation, deepened CCD and tephra input from both the oceanic Izu–Bonin arc and the continental margin Honshu arc. The Izu–Bonin forearc basement formed in a near-equatorial setting, with late Mesozoic arc remnants to the west. Subduction-initiation magmatism is likely to have taken place near a pre-existing continent–oceanic crust boundary. The Izu–Bonin arc migrated northward and clockwise to collide with Honshu by early Miocene, strongly influencing regional sedimentation. 相似文献
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被动大陆边缘深海扇是当今海洋深水油气勘探的热点。识别深海扇,明确其时空演变特征,总结关键地质因素对其发育的控制作用,对于建立深海扇成因与预测地质模型具有重要意义。本文通过地震与钻井资料综合解释,分析塞内加尔盆地北部次盆白垩纪被动大陆边缘时期的构造-沉积演化特征,识别深海扇体,并分析其岩性、形态与规模的演变特征;然后分析海平面变化、陆源物质供给、陆坡与沟谷地貌等地质条件对深海扇体发育的控制作用。研究表明,研究区在白垩纪盆地被动大陆边缘阶段,经历了早白垩世的碳酸盐岩台地建设期、Albian-Santonian期碎屑岩沉积被陆坡内外分割的沉积期、Campanian-Maastrichtian期的碎屑岩缓坡沉积期等3个构造-沉积演化阶段;从早白垩世Aptian期到白垩纪末期发育了具有不同岩性、形态与规模特征的深海扇体。全球海平面变化、陆源碎屑供给、陆坡与沟谷地貌特征共同制约了深海扇的演化特征,但它们对深海扇发育与演化的影响作用又有所不同。全球海平面变化与陆源碎屑供给特征更多是影响了扇体的岩性粗细与规模,而陆坡沟谷地貌特征则直接决定了扇体的形态与分布。 相似文献
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东太平洋深海沉积物小于2μm组分的稀土元素地球化学特征 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
用等离子光谱测定了东太平洋9个深海沉积物样品的小于2μm组分及全岩的稀土元素,结果显示,小于2μm组分及全岩的稀土元素组成均受控于沉积物类型,而二者之间稀土元素组成的差异在钙质和硅质沉积物中出现相反的趋势。元素相分析和稀土元素赋存状态分析表明,这种差异主要由于沉积物物质组成的不同所致,表面在化学组成上,主要与MnO,Al2O3Fe2O3,CaO含量的变化有关,大多数样品在小于2μm组分的稀土组成 相似文献
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太平洋多金属结核及沉积物标准物质研制 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
太平洋多金属结核及深海沉积物标准物质,GSPN-2,3和GSMS-2,3,4个样品已研制完成。GSPN-2,3和GSMS-2采自太平洋CC区,GSMS-3采自中太平洋海盆(CP区)。原样被加工成-200目(74μm)的均匀粉未,其均匀性采用高精度的X射线荧光光谱法检测。样品的特性值采用国内外多实验室协同分析的方式定值,有包括台湾大学在内的14个国内实验室和18个国外实验室参加了合作分析。测试组分分别达79和81个,定值组分63个。全组分的百分总和分别为:99.7%,99.5%,99.8%和99.7%。这4个标准物质已于1997年被国家技术监督局批准为国家一级标准物质,序号分别为GBW07295,GBW07296,GBW07315和GBW0731。 相似文献
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根据基于两层流体推导的深海内波弱非线性薛定谔(Nonlinear Schrodinger,简称NLS)方程,引进空间啁啾的思想,研究深海区频散效应和非线性效应的作用。文中推导出了频散效应和非线性效应所致啁啾的表达式,采用数值计算方法计算了综合效应产生的总啁啾。分析了频散和非线性以及综合效应所致啁啾在深海内波传播中的演变规律。从空间啁啾的角度,解释中国南海东沙群岛附近深海区内波演变的机理。 相似文献
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Based on an unusual data set comprises bathymetric data, backscatter imagery, seismic-reflection and Chirp profiles, and sediment cores, the Late Quaternary lobe at the mouth of the youngest turbidite channel off the western Nile deep-sea fan was investigated. The large-scale construction of the lobe through time and space is mainly controlled by 1) a pre-existing topography inherited from the downslope movement of Messinian evaporites, and 2) the type and nature of gravity flows delivered to the basin floor. The margins of the lobe are defined by high-backscatter acoustic facies that contrasts strongly with the low-backscatter facies from the surrounding abyssal-plain deposits. Within the lobe, low-backscatter facies characterise the main channel-levee systems and lobate bodies immediately beyond the end of the channels. Cores reveal that the high-backscatter facies corresponds to a series of extensive but thin debris-flow deposits with a fingered margin. These debrites comprise a muddy-sand matrix and dispersed clasts with diameter of 5 to 10 cm. The lower backscatter facies at channel mouths corresponds to alternations of thin sandy turbidites and muddy hemipelagites. Extensive thin debris flows therefore traversed surprisingly low gradients to reach the distal fringes of the lobe complex but are never found in the lobate bodies just beyond the channel mouths. Although the Nile deep-sea fan is considered as a silt/mud-rich accumulation, sand-prone deposits exist within the lobe. This sand/mud segregation results either from the presence of channelized features in the lobe and/or from the hydrodynamic process of particle transport by debris flows and turbulent flows. 相似文献