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1.
Diagnosis of iridovirus in large yellow croaker by PCR 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A rapid and sensitive PCR-based method for the detection of the large yellow croaker iridovirus(LYCIV) is described,which involves the amplification of a 295 bp fragment of the LYCIV ATPase gene from DNA isolated from naturally infected fish spleen.Sequencing of LYCIV ATPase gene fragment showed it shared 100% nucleotide sequence homology with the corresponding region of the ATPase gene of red sea bream iridovirus(RSIV) and sea bass iridovirus(SBIV),suggesting that LYCIV was homologous with RSIV and SBIV at least in part of the gemone.The specificity and sensitivity of the PCR procedure were tested on the iridovirus-infected fishes,the expected fragment was detected from spleen DNA samples of infected fishes,whereas no fragments were amplified from healthy fish spleen DNA,white spot syndrome baculoviruses(WSBV) DNA and pseudorabies virus(PRV) DNA.Detection limit of this method was 10-7 ng positive plasmid DNA containing target sequence,equal to about 100 virions.In the infected experiment,first positive detection(1/4) appeared at Day 3 post-infection,all fish(4/4) tested positive at Day 7,however obvious symptoms were observed at Day 8,so LYCIV infection could be detected prior to the appearance of obvious symptoms.These results indicate that this PCR method could be used for early,rapid and specific detection of LYCIV infection. 相似文献
2.
东海区小黄鱼渔业生物学现状的分析 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
以2001年东海区渔业资源监测调查资料为依据，对小黄鱼的体长、体重、生长、死亡等渔业生物学特征及临界年龄等进行了分析研究。结果表明，目前东海区小黄鱼优势体长组为110～130mm，占41．34％；优势体重组为20～40g，占50．91％；总死亡系数为2．05，自然死亡系数为0．58，捕捞死亡系数为1．47，临界年龄为2．18龄。对照东海区小黄鱼生物学特征的历史状况分析，目前东海区小黄鱼个体小型化、低龄化、性成熟提早现象明显，生物学参数发生较大变化。建议在东海区现行资源状态下，小黄鱼的可捕标准应充分考虑其生物学现状加以科学调整。 相似文献
3.
小黄鱼是我国近海四种最重要的经济鱼类之一，在过去的几十年中小黄鱼种群及其两个地理亚种群经历了巨大的变化。小黄鱼的种群动力学研究，对于维持这一重要渔业的可持续管理是至关重要的。目前仅有的两个小黄鱼种群动力学模型只涵盖了较短的时间，且没有关注其空间差异。本文研究了1968年至2015年间黄渤海和东海小黄鱼的种群动力学模型，包含和不包含空间分层结构的两种贝叶斯模型被用于分析其种群动力学的大尺度空间异质性。本文分析了不同的假设，来研究小黄鱼种群动力学潜在的变化趋势。研究结果表明小黄鱼种群动力学特征具有明显的时间和空间变化。种群的增长速度从20世纪八十年代开始增加，而可捕系数从1981年到2015年增加了两倍多。与黄渤海亚种群相比，东海的小黄鱼亚种群生长速度更快，遭受的捕捞压力也更大。基于最大可持续产量MSY的参考点表明，无论是整个小黄鱼种群还是两个亚种群，近年来都有非常高的过度捕捞风险。因此我国小黄鱼的渔业管理急需更加保守的管理策略，同时考虑其地域差异。本文所用的方法可以应用于其他种类的资源评估和渔业管理，尤其是具有空间异质性和数据有限的种类。 相似文献
4.
Monthly fishery survey data of the small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis in the southern Yellow Sea from2003 and 2013 were employed to evaluate the variation in the resource distribution and biological characteristics(especially body length and sex ratio) in the population on a decadal scale.The results indicated that the small yellow croaker migrated from the Shawai fishing ground to the Dasha fishing ground in spring and was mainly distributed in the central and western parts of the Dasha fishing ground in April and May.Larimichthys polyactis in the Dasha fishing ground migrated eastward to offshore wintering grounds in autumn and reached the central Dasha fishing ground in October and November.The small yellow croaker entered the western waters of the Shawai fishing ground in winter.A large number of age 0+ fish occurred in the Shawai and Jiangwai fishing grounds in October of 2003 and 2013.The body lengths of the spawning stock and wintering stock in 2013 were larger than those in 2003,and the monthly sex ratios(female to male) were significantly less than 1 in both years.The monthly distribution of this fish in the southern Yellow Sea was consistent with a previous finding that "the stock migrated between the wintering grounds in the west of Jeju Island and the Lüsi spawning grounds" but tended to move more northward,with the spawning grounds extending outward.In the past decade,body length variation experienced a decline after an increase,rather than a steady decrease.The sex ratio in the single-stick stow net showed a tendency to increase over the decade,but was either less than or more than 1 depending on the fishing gear;therefore,further studies should be conducted to determine the sex structure. 相似文献
5.
Replacement of Dietary Fish Oil with Vegetable Oils Improves the Growth and Flesh Quality of Large Yellow Croaker （Larmichthys crocea） 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
DUAN Qingyuan MAI Kangsen SHENTU Jikang AI Qinghui ZHONG Huiying JIANG Yujian ZHANG Lu ZHANG Chunxiao GUO Sitong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(3):445-452
We investigated the effect of the replacement of dietary fish oil with vegetable oils on the growth and flesh quality of large yellow croaker(Larmichthys crocea). The basal diet(FO) was formulated to contain 66.5% fish meal and 6.4% menhaden fish oil; whereas the other 3 experimental diets were formulated by replacing the fish oil with 50% soybean oil(SO50), 100% soybean oil(SO100) and 100% palm oil(PO100), respectively. The 4 diets were randomly assigned to 4 floating sea cages(3.0 m × 3.0 m × 3.0 m), and each was stocked with 250 fish individuals with an initial average weight of 245.29 g ± 7.45 g. The fish were fed to apparent satiation twice a day at 5:00 and 17:00, respectively, for 12 weeks. Experimental analysis showed that the specific growth rate of fish fed SO50 or PO100 were significantly higher than that of fish fed FO or SO100(P0.05), and crude lipid contents of ventral muscle and viscera were significantly lower in fish fed FO than in those fed the other 3 diets(P0.05). No significant differences in condition factor, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, gutted yield and colorimetric values of fish among the dietary treatments were observed(P0.05). Compared to FO diet, SO50, SO100 and PO100 diets led to substantial decreases in the liquid loss and water loss from fresh fillets(1 d, 4℃)(P0.05). Similarly, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) values of fillets under different storage conditions(1 d, 4℃; 7 d, 4℃; 4 weeks,-20℃; 8 weeks,-20℃) decreased significantly after partial or complete replacement of fish oil with vegetable oils. These findings indicated that the growth performance and selected flesh quality properties(liquid holding capacity and TBARS value) of large yellow croaker were substantially improved by replacing dietary fish oil with vegetable oils. 相似文献
6.
试验目的旨在研究蝉花菌质(Isaria cicadae)对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化和免疫、肠道组织形态以及肠道菌群等方面的影响,为大黄鱼绿色饲料添加剂的开发和利用提供参考。将初始体重为(16.50±1.10) g的大黄鱼幼鱼随机分成4组,对照组(IC0)不添加蝉花菌质,试验组分别添加1%(IC1)、3%(IC3)和5%(IC5)的蝉花菌质。试验结果表明:试验组的增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。IC3与IC5组的肝体比(HSI)显著低于对照组(P<0.05),与IC1组差异不显著(P>0.05)。IC5组脏体比(VSI)显著低于对照组,但与其他试验组之间差异不显著(P<0.05)。肌肉和全鱼体成分各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验组肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)和血清溶菌酶(LZM)的活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各试验组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。对照组单根绒毛杯状细胞数量显著少于各试验组(P<0.05),各试验组间无显著性差异(P>0.05... 相似文献
7.
养殖大黄鱼在自然海区降温不同阶段抗氧化水平及血清酶活性的变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解越冬期间水温下降对大黄鱼抗氧化水平和血清酶活性的影响, 作者研究了养殖大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)冬季海区自然降温不同阶段(20、16、12、10、8℃)肝脏和肌肉中抗氧化水平及血清酶活性的变化。结果显示: 自然降温过程中, 肝脏中3 种抗氧化酶变化趋势不同, 其中SOD 活性呈升高趋势, 8℃时SOD活性最强; POD 活性呈先升高后降低的变化趋势, 16℃时活性最高; CAT 活性呈下降趋势; 而肌肉中这3 种抗氧化酶活性均呈下降趋势。肝脏中GSH 和MDA 含量在16℃时最高; 肌肉中的3 种抗氧化酶活性、GSH 和MDA 含量以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)均明显低于肝脏中, 反映了肝脏对清除自由基具有重要作用, 在抗氧化调节方面起到主要作用。血清酶ALT、AST、ALP、LDH 及CK-MB 随水温自然下降酶活性均呈现降低趋势, 即20℃时酶活性最强; CK 和LIP 随着水温降低, 呈先上升再下降的趋势; ADA 和GGT 随水温降低活性呈上升趋势。血清酶的不同变化, 说明水温对大黄鱼血清酶活性有一定的影响。 相似文献
8.
The trophic ecology of the small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) was studied using stable isotope analyses. Samples were collected from July to September 2009 and 34 individuals from eight sites were examined for stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. Stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) ranged from -20.67 to -15.43, while stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) ranged 9.18-12.23. The relationship between δ13C and δ15N suggested high resource partitioning in the sampling area. Significant differences in stable isotope values among the eight sampling sites may be linked to environmental diversities involving various physical processes (such as ocean current, wind and tide) and different carbon sources. Furthermore, the stable isotope ratios may also explain the ontogenetic variability in diet and feeding, because δ13C and δ15N varied significantly with increasing body size. The findings are consistent with other studies on diet analyses in small yellow croaker. It was also demonstrated that stable isotope analysis could be used to estimate the trophic characters of small yellow croaker in feeding patterns and migrating habits. 相似文献
9.
大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)是我国重要的海产经济鱼类。因多年未加选育的累代养殖,养殖大黄鱼生长缓慢,性早熟、免疫力低下,亟需对养殖大黄鱼进行遗传改良。多样性芯片技术(Diversity arrays technology,DAr T)具有高通量和低成本的显著特点,不需要明确物种的基因组DNA序列信息,因而广泛应用于动植物遗传图谱制作和遗传多样性分析。本研究旨在采用DAr T技术鉴定与"东海1号"大黄鱼体长相关分子标记。首先随机测得"东海1号"大黄鱼199个个体体长,均值为13.45cm,符合正态分布(P0.05),"极端大群体"和"极端小群体"之间差异显著(P0.01)。然后采用7组限制性内切酶组合(Pst I/Alu I、Pst I/Ban II、Pst I/Bsp1286I、Pst I/Bst NI、Pst I/Hae III、Pst I/Rsa I、Pst I/Taq I)分别进行酶切,获得基因组代表性DNA片段并用于文库构建。根据多态性克隆数和多态性率确定Pst I/Rsa I酶切组合为最优降低基因组复杂度方法。之后从Pst I/Rsa I基因组代表性DNA片段文库中扩增获得3360个片段,以此为多样性芯片探针进行芯片点制,杂交筛选获得18个大黄鱼体长相关DAr T候选标记。经过新群体样本再次验证,仍有8个DAr T标记与体长相关。本研究有助于选育生长性状优良的大黄鱼群体。 相似文献
10.
人工雌核发育大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)的AFLP分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用6对选择性扩增引物(E-AAG/M-CAG、E-AAG/M-CTC、E-ACA/M-CAA;E-ACG/M-CAT、E-AGG/M-CAA、E-AGG/M-CTA)对冷休克法诱导的大黄鱼雌核发育家系G1、G2和对照组C1、C2的鱼苗及其亲本进行了扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)标记的比较分析。结果表明,6对引物共检出了33条雄亲特有条带(G1中13条,G2中20条)、31条雌亲特有条带(G1中16条,G2中15条)。家系G1的24尾鱼苗均无雄亲特有条带,雌核发育成功率为100%,G2家系中有3尾鱼苗各出现了不同数量的雄亲特有条带,属正常受精个体(12.5%),其雌核发育成功率为87.5%,两个家系平均雌核发育诱导成功率为93.75%。31条雌亲特有条带中有14条在雌核发育后代中出现了分离。对亲子间遗传关系的分析表明了雌核发育个体之间的遗传差异最小,与雌亲的亲缘关系最近。研究表明,雌核发育是促进基因纯合的一个有效途径,AFLP技术是鱼类雌核发育鉴定和遗传分析的有效方法。 相似文献