共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
川中高石梯-磨溪地区震旦系灯影组碳酸盐岩岩石类型及分布规律 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
四川盆地川中地区震旦系气藏储量规模大,储层分布面积广。在Folk(1959)碳酸盐岩分类方案与张荫本等(1996)对粘结岩分类方案研究的基础之上,结合四川盆地震旦系灯影组的具体情况,提出新的划分方案。研究表明:(1)高石梯-磨溪地区震旦系灯影组碳酸盐岩岩石类型可分为3个亚类,10个微类。该方案不同之处在于把凝块(石)云岩归位颗粒岩,同时根据藻的形态把藻云岩进一步细分;(2)沉积岩类的发育和分布受沉积层序的控制。海侵体系域(TST)沉积阶段,以泥-粉晶云岩、微生物岩等正化学岩沉积为主。高位体系域(HST)沉积阶段,以凝块云岩、砂屑云岩等异化颗粒岩沉积为主。纵向上,岩性具有从暗色泥晶云岩→藻云岩→颗粒云岩→浅色泥晶云岩演化的特征,即泻湖亚相→藻丘亚相→颗粒滩亚相→台坪亚相的规律;(3)凝块云岩、砂屑云岩等颗粒岩是主要的储集岩类;(4)灯影组碳酸盐岩不同岩类的发育和分布对储层的发育起到控制作用。对灯影组的油气勘探,除了对岩溶作用的研究之外,还需要重视沉积古地貌、岩相展布特征的分析,有助于有效的预测灯影组储层"甜点区"。 相似文献
2.
四川盆地震旦系灯影组属于新元古界最后一套地层,也是四川盆地第一套沉积岩盖层。岩性以质纯色浅的白云岩为主,并且经历了多期复杂的成岩作用,因此其沉积环境始终是研究的难点和争议的焦点。本文以盆地周缘的野外剖面、钻井岩心、测井资料及分析化验等资料为基础,以岩石学、沉积学和石油地质学等理论为指导,并结合现代叠层石沉积特征,对灯影组岩石学特征、沉积环境进行了综合分析。研究表明:1灯影组的岩石类型可分为3个亚类和12个微类,其中贫藻段主要由晶粒云岩、凝块状云岩、粒屑云岩等组成,通常发育于一个完整沉积旋回的早—中期;富藻段主要由层纹状云岩、叠层状云岩、泡沫状云岩组成,通常形成于一个沉积旋回中—晚期;2四川盆地灯影组沉积相主要为浅水局限台地相,可细分为藻丘、颗粒滩、台坪、潟湖4个亚相。研究区以藻丘亚相为主,藻丘可进一步细分为丘基、丘核、丘盖3个微相;3优质储层受相控特征明显,台内颗粒滩相和藻丘相储集物性最好,尤其是两者叠合形成的"丘滩复合体"。总之,四川盆地震旦系灯影组的天然气勘探将围绕着微生物岩展开。 相似文献
3.
最新钻井和地震资料研究表明,四川盆地裂陷槽内大部分地区缺失震旦系(埃辿卡拉系)灯影组灯四段、灯三段及灯二段上部地层,灯二段仅残留富藻层及以下地层,震旦系地层具有环状剥蚀特征;残留的灯二段岩性主要为泥粉晶白云岩、藻纹层白云岩、藻格架白云岩、雪花状构造白云岩及砂砾屑白云岩,局部层段葡萄花边构造发育,沉积相属于典型的局限台地,沉积特征与盆地内其它地区灯影组沉积特征相同,表明在震旦纪四川盆地碳酸盐台地内部并没有明显的构造分异。本文从地层、沉积特征及构造动力机制方面提出了四川盆地裂陷槽成因的解释意见,认为震旦系内部的裂陷槽形成于震旦系沉积之后,其成因可能与地幔柱拱升—地层剥蚀—地幔柱塌陷再沉降有关。 相似文献
4.
最新钻井和地震资料研究表明,四川盆地裂陷槽内大部分地区缺失震旦系（埃辿卡拉系）灯影组灯四段、灯三段及灯二段上部地层,灯二段仅残留富藻层及以下地层,震旦系地层具有环状剥蚀特征;残留的灯二段岩性主要为泥粉晶白云岩、藻纹层白云岩、藻格架白云岩、雪花状构造白云岩及砂砾屑白云岩,局部层段葡萄花边构造发育,沉积相属于典型的局限台地,沉积特征与盆地内其它地区灯影组沉积特征相同,表明在震旦纪四川盆地碳酸盐台地内部并没有明显的构造分异。本文从地层、沉积特征及构造动力机制方面提出了四川盆地裂陷槽成因的解释意见,认为震旦系内部的裂陷槽形成于震旦系沉积之后,其成因可能与地幔柱拱升—地层剥蚀—地幔柱塌陷再沉降有关。 相似文献
5.
基于四川盆地震旦系灯影组16口井岩心和11条露头剖面的观察,结合128个碳氧同位素数据的系统分析,研究了震旦系灯影组储层特征、探讨了灯影组储层发育与桐湾期三幕构造运动的关系,预测了其优质储层分布区域。结果表明：1）四川盆地震旦系为典型的镶边碳酸盐岩台地沉积体系,围绕绵竹-长宁裂陷两侧发育大型的台缘丘滩体,岩石类型以泥粉晶白云岩、藻砂屑白云岩、层纹石白云岩、凝块石白云岩和雪花状白云岩为主;2）受桐湾期三幕构造运动和海平面频繁升降变化的影响,形成了灯二段和灯四段两套风化壳岩溶储层,储层以低孔低渗为特征,溶蚀孔洞发育,为裂缝-孔洞型储层;3）灯二段和灯四段两套储层横向上分布较稳定,纵向上互相叠置,大面积分布;优质储层主要分布在台地边缘相带,主要集中在高石梯、磨溪、荷包场、威远、资阳、蓬莱等地区。 相似文献
6.
《地质科技情报》2020,(2)
宜昌斜坡区钻获南方复杂构造区下寒武统水井沱组、下震旦统陡山沱组高含气页岩,首次实现了古老层系页岩气重大发现,南华系-震旦系构造-沉积格局是认识盆地构造属性及古老页岩气富集的关键。基于前人的研究成果,开展了宜昌地区南华系-震旦系沉积岩石特征、地震资料分析。结果表明:宜昌及周缘存在克拉通内Ⅰ型(宜昌型)、克拉通边缘过渡区Ⅱ型(长阳型)断坳结构控制的沉积区类型。在经历了早期断陷、中期成冰、断坳转换及晚期坳陷4个演化阶段,断坳结构控制了陡山沱组及灯影组-水井沱组Ⅰ_Ⅰ型台地边缘-斜坡和Ⅰ_Ⅱ型台内洼地及Ⅱ型陆棚相沉积区,富有机质页岩相对发育。结论认为:Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型断坳结构发育区是陡山沱组-水井沱组自生自储页岩气的规模聚集区;Ⅰ型控制下灯影组旁生侧储边缘滩也是天然气聚集的有利场所。 相似文献
7.
8.
近年来,四川盆地震旦系灯影组的油气勘探开发不断深入推进,川北地区作为后续勘探接替区,其灯影组储层的相关研究亟待进行。综合川北地区灯影组的地层、岩石及矿物特征,采用分析化验等手段揭示其储层特征,结果表明:灯二段、灯四段为川北地区灯影组储层发育层段,颗粒粘连白云岩、叠层状微生物白云岩和粉晶白云岩为主要储集岩类,次生溶孔、溶洞为主要储集空间;灯影组储层类型多样,发育孔-洞型、孔隙型、孔隙-裂缝型及溶洞型储层,以孔隙-裂缝型储层质量最佳。储层发育特征表明:滩丘沉积是灯影组储层发育的物质基础,后期岩溶改造是储层发育的关键;灯二段滩丘厚度相对更大,而储层物性相比灯四段较差。基于宏观储层演化和微观孔隙特征,建立了川北地区灯影组2种储层发育模式:灯二段以表生岩溶为储层发育的主控因素,见有不同期次白云石胶结和上覆地层细粒沉积物充填;灯四段以埋藏溶蚀为储层发育的主控因素,存在广泛的重结晶造成的溶蚀、溶蚀流体中硅质组分对孔隙的充填、以及溶蚀孔隙中沥青对储层的保护。依据不同的岩溶模式,可预测灯二段、灯四段有利储层的发育位置:在潜流带与滩丘沉积体叠加的部位,灯二段储层发育最佳;自顶部向下,自台缘向台内,灯四段储层质量逐渐下降。 相似文献
9.
四川盆地普光气田在近期获得重大突破,普光气田礁滩复合型气藏物质聚集模式及储层特征的深入研究对于川东北地区乃至整个四川盆地的碳酸盐岩有利勘探区的预测具有一定的指导意义。受开江—梁平台盆(inter-platform basin)的控制,普光地区长兴组—飞仙关组在台盆东侧发育了类似于威尔逊相模式的碳酸盐岩沉积体系,主要发育台地蒸发岩、局限台地、开阔台地、台地边缘礁滩、斜坡和台盆沉积相,但陆棚相不甚发育。古地理的分异主要围绕开江—梁平台盆的发育、发展及填平补齐的过程而演化。储层沉积微相及微观地质特征研究表明,台地边缘礁滩相为该区储层发育最有利的相带,海绵障积白云岩、海绵骨架礁灰岩、鲕粒白云岩及残余鲕粒白云岩等为最主要的储集岩类型。优质储层的发育主要受沉积相带展布,后期的白云石化、溶蚀作用以及构造作用的控制。 相似文献
10.
野外观察和研究表明,贵州仁怀县震旦系灯影组古油藏储层为一套碳酸盐台内浅滩环境沉积,主要岩性为砂屑云岩、鲕粒云岩、藻屑云岩和细晶云岩,沥青充填于白云岩晶间孔、粒间孔及岩石溶蚀孔洞内,呈黑色固态物质产出。固体沥青呈块状,质地坚硬,有污手性,镜下观察沥青具中间相结构和镶嵌状结构特征,实测沥青反射率为2.95%~3.86%,双反射明显,热演化程度高,显示储层在地质历史时期曾经遭受高温热演化作用。区域地质及沉积相分析认为,灯影组沉积晚期在上扬子地区存在一个边缘浅滩,并可能存在若干碳酸盐台内浅滩,这种沉积格局控制了滩相储层的发育与展布,震旦纪末期桐湾运动形成的古暴露对该套滩相沉积的颗粒云岩进行溶蚀改造,形成大量孔洞缝,并形成有利的储集体。震旦系陡山沱组和下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色页岩有机质丰度高、类型好,烃源岩的发育为古油藏的形成提供了丰富的物质基础,下寒武统巨厚的泥页岩组合为油气藏的形成提供了得天独厚的封盖条件,形成了良好的生储盖组合,灯影组和牛蹄塘组之间的不整合面提供了油气运移的通道,加里东运动早期黔中隆起的形成为油气聚集创造了条件。 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
13.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
17.
18.
Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献
19.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
20.
《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献