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试论水氡观测中仪器K值的使用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在水氡观测仪器标定中，关于标定K值的使用方法，《规范》规定：当新一原K值相对偏差小于5％时继续管用原K值。但在实际观测中，这样容易导致误差积累。本文从日常观测中出现的几个问题分析，认为在每年仪器标定后，无论标定的仪器新一原K值相对偏差是否大于5％，都应采用新K值。 相似文献
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氡对地震前后地层应力变化反应较为敏感,是示踪构造与地震活动的一种有效的化学元素。氡观测在我国地震前兆流体观测手段中占很大权重,但由于近年来仪器老化及更新换代较多,许多台站测氡仪的标定工作受到制约,因而影响了氡观测资料的准确性和可靠性。本文利用高精度的AlphaGUARD测氡仪,分别采用含有一定浓度的新鲜井水、固定源对宁德一号井BG2015R测氡仪进行标定实验,其结果是新K值与旧K值相对误差分别为2.83%和1.1%,标定结果符合中国地震台网的观测要求;同时对标定实验中AlphaGUARD测氡仪、BG2015R测氡仪测值进行了均值、一致性等指标计算分析,给出了对两套仪器标定时的取值建议。文中所述的标定实验的流程和方法可以为在网运行测氡仪的标定提供一定的技术参考。 相似文献
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测氡仪器固体源标定法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
引言 目前我国地震水氡观测台网,在观测工作中,用测氡仪器进行定量测量或用绝对单位来表示测值结果时,都必须对所用测氡仪器进行精确的标定。水氡观测技术规范也明确规定了,每年要对台站所用的测氡仪器进行定期标定。另外,测氡仪出现故障,经检修更 相似文献
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长期以来,我国的氡观测一直以模拟水氡观测为主。模拟水氡观测是地震监测预报中前兆观测的重要测项,一直采用定时取样、鼓泡、测值计算及数据入库等一系列人工观测手段。其观测方法落后,且带有较大程度的人为操作误差,使观测数据的质量受到一定程度的影响。“鼓泡”是模拟水氡观测过程的关键环节,鼓泡操作是否规范直接影响水氡测值的准确性。通过对传统模拟水氡鼓泡装置进行改造,研制出一套适用于所有模拟水氡仪器的自动鼓泡装置,解决传统人工鼓泡过程中鼓泡时间与鼓泡速率不规范对水氡测值产生较大干扰的问题。自动鼓泡装置可降低鼓泡操作难度,减少人为操作误差,提高水氡观测资料质量。 相似文献
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测氡仪对比观测研究是探索仪器运行规律和提供可靠地震研究数据的支撑。文章基于使用AlphaGUARD P2000测氡仪作为无源标定仪器对DDL-2测氡仪进行溶解氡的校准实验,开展DDL-2测氡仪氡浓度响应研究以及DDL-2测氡仪和FD-105K测氡仪对比观测研究。结果表明：(1)校准K值的偏差值都在4.827 6%以内,满足目前地震监测观测技术要求和仪器标定要求;(2)DDL-2测氡仪可描述动态的水氡浓度,使用Origin 2018数据分析软件对氡浓度绘制拟合曲线,为氡值变化过程提供数学模型,鼓泡过程中水氡浓度经历迅速上升期、平缓期和稳定期,稳定后氡浓度变化幅度约为5.0 Bq/L,并且变化形态不尽相同;(3)使用Origin 2018对比分析数据,发现DDL-2测氡仪与AlphaGUARD P2000测氡仪较FD-105K测氡仪氡浓度日变化响应更灵敏且氡测值曲线吻合度更高。 相似文献
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2008年8月福建省地震局水化学中心实验站对新购置的水氡仪器进行标定,标定结果出现异常：全部闪烁室K值超出《地震水文地球化学观测技术规范》所要求的取值范围,但每个闪烁室多次标定的K值的相对偏差基本小于5％,说明虽然K值超出要求,但是固体氡气源装置上标称氡射气剂量分配值是稳定的。造成标定结果异常的可能原因主要有,标定过程出现漏气,新仪器选择的各项指标有误,固体氡气源故障。更换干燥剂、橡皮管,检查每一个接口,以及闪烁室的密封性能和真空泵的抽真空性能,重新检查仪器状态均已正常后,用现用的两套仪器进行标定,以检验是否因新仪器选择的各项指标有误造成标定结果异常。两次标定结果类似,分析认为,可能是固体氡气源故障,虽然在这次标定中,固体氡气源装置上标称氡射气剂量分配值是稳定的,但可能其含量较以前发生了变化。 相似文献
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2014年山西定襄七岩泉新增BHC-336智能定标器,对新、旧2套测氡仪的水氡测值,就稳定性、数据一致性、内在质量等进行对比分析,结果显示,因存在系统误差,2台测氡仪水氡测值稳定性均值存在差异,测量精度和性能具有一致性;与新测氡仪相比,旧测氡仪水氡测值相对偏差和均值标准误差更小,精度更高,数据相关程度较高,数据稳定性更好。定襄水氡对华北5级以上地震具有较好的映震能力,新测氡仪对2016年4月7日原平4.6级地震映震效能比旧测氡仪灵敏。 相似文献
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水氡双台比测质量检验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用双台或多台FD—105仪器进行水氡测量,是提高观测质量的有效办法。这样做有两个明显的作用,第一,提高观测数据精度,减小误差,误差σ=s/N~(1/2),增加观测台数N,σ减小。通过计算,双台比测误差是单台的0.7071倍,而三台是0.5774倍,几乎只有原误差的二分之一。第二,及时发现其中某台仪器测值缓慢偏移的故障,排除假异常。 相似文献
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The determination of the coefficient of viscosity of eruptive products gives useful elements to the knowledge of possible variations of composition and physical conditions of the magmas. 相似文献
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Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica - 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The magnetic evolution of the active region of the Sun at the level of the photosphere has been studied. Magnetic synoptic maps of the 2007 Kitt Peak Observatory were... 相似文献
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V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
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Summary A simple model is proposed suitable for studying the effect of the ground layer of the atmosphere, polluted by aerosol, on the albedo. This model is founded on solving the equation of transfer of radiative energy. The numerical results are discussed, particular attention being paid to the analysis of errors due to neglecting the multiple reflection of solar radiation on the aerosol particles. A method which would also include the multiple reflection is proposed, and the conditions under which the presence of the aerosol is responsible for an increase or decrease of the solar radiation balance on the Earth's surface, are analysed. 相似文献
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Josef Vykutil 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1968,12(2):217-220
Резюме Дается вывод формул для вычислений длины хорды, длины и азимутов нормаляных сечений и длины геодезической линии эллипсоида.
Применяются тригонометрические функции данных величин и постоянные принятого ргфгргнц-эллипсоида, что является целесообразным
при использовании вычислителQjных машин, особенно автоматов. Рабочие формулы рекомендуются в форме (8–11).
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
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Summary The maintenance of the axisymmetric component of the flow in the atmosphere is investigated by means of a steady-state, quasi-geostrophic formulation of the meteorological equations. It is shown that the meridional variations in the time-averaged axisymmetric variables can be expressed as the sum of three contributions, one being due to the eddy heat transport, another to the eddy momentum transport, and a third to the convective-radiative equilibrium temperature which enters the problem through the specification of a Newtonian form of diabatic heating. The contributions by the large scale eddies are evaluated through the use of observed values for the eddy heat and momentum transports.The contributions from each of the three forcing mechanisms to the temperature and zonal wind fields are invstigated individually and found to be of about equal importance. The sum of the three contributions are also presented for the temperature, the zonal wind, the stream function associated with the mean meridional circulation and the corresponding vertical motion. Although the results fail to reproduce the main observed features of the lower stratosphere, they are found to be in good agreement with observations in the middle latitude troposphere. At any pressure level, for example, the computed mean zonal wind has a jet-like profile and the axis of the jet is found to slope to the south with height, as observed in the atmosphere.Based in part on a thesis submitted by the first author as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree at the University of Michigan. — Publication No. 194 from the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, The University of Michigan. 相似文献
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Ivanka Jakubcová Věra Marvanová Miloš Pick Antonín Novotný Reviewer Z. Šimon 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1982,26(2):193-196
Summary The results of two different methods of the determination of the non-linearity of the gravimeter scale are compared; the economy is discussed as well. 相似文献
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Atmospheric temperature and humidity fields as well as information on other meteorological parameters are nowadays retrieved from radiance measurements recorded by operational meteorological satellites. Up to now, the inversion procedures used only take into account crude information on the topography of the Earth’s surface. However, the applied radiative transfer codes have to consider the Earth’s surface as the lower boundary of the atmospheric model and, therefore, need a more precise mean elevation and a classification of the roughness of the Earth’s surface. The influence of the topography of the Earth surface on retrieved temperature profiles is studied by using a physico-statistical inversion method. An objective analysis is made of the more precise mean elevation and derivation of roughness parameters using a new high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) with a resolution of 500 m×500 m. By means of a geomorphological process and a newly developed topography rejection test, areas with a high surface roughness are localized and singled out. The influence of topography on the retrieved temperature profiles is illustrated by case studies. Changes are found predominantly in areas with a high variation of topography. Using the new high-resolution DEM and the topography rejection test, the geographical position of the calculated temperature profiles tends to be shifted towards areas with a small vertical variation of topography. The mean elevation determined by the new elevation model better characterizes the area observed. Hence, the temperature profiles can be calculated down to lower atmospheric levels. Furthermore, a guess profile better describing the atmospheric situation is selected by the more precise elevation. In addition, the temperature profiles obtained near the coast are improved considerably by the more precise determination of the surface property ‘sea’ and ‘land,’ respectively. Integration of an independent physical information such as topography leads, on average, to a slight improvement of the results of the physico-statistical inversion procedure. In some cases, however, significant improvements have been achieved regarding the desired accuracy of temperature profiles of the order of 1 K. In future, the spatial resolution of new high-resolution sounding instrumentation on the next generation of operational meteorological satellites will be increased. To exploit the resolving power of this new instrumentation, the different variation of the topography of the Earth surface, especially in regions with a high variation of topography, can be taken into account more precisely by using a high-resolution DEM. 相似文献