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关于发展我国漂流浮标和锚泊浮标技术的建议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文综述了90年代国外漂流浮标和锚泊浮标技术的发展动态,从战略发展的高度提出了研制多参数表层漂流浮标、多次往返式剖面仪、绷紧式锚泊浮标和水质监测浮标的建议,并分析了国内的需求和相应的研究基础. 相似文献
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多参数表层漂流浮标可用于海洋水文要素和海面气象要素的实时观测,但存在体积和重量过大、在海浪中摇摆剧烈的问题。针对以上问题,提出了一种结构优化方案,并从稳性和耐波性两个方面进行性能分析,分别用回复力臂和摇摆固有周期两个关键参数衡量优化方案的优劣。结果显示:倾角在0°~85°范围内,优化方案的回复力臂曲线在零点处的斜率比原漂流浮标增加96%,优化方案的回复力臂最大值比原漂流浮标增加41%;优化方案的摇摆固有周期减小到3.21 s,远小于原漂流浮标7.30 s的摇摆固有周期,且避开了波浪主能量周期范围。优化方案的稳性和耐波性比原漂流浮标明显改善,为多参数表层漂流浮标的结构设计提供参考。 相似文献
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漂流浮标具有结构简单、易布放、不需要额外动力等方面的优点，在海洋观测领域已经有了较为广泛的应用。然而现有的漂流浮标为了控制成本和整体功耗，搭载的传感器较少，在使用中能够采集到的数据种类较少，并且由于电子系统设计相对简单，一旦出现故障，无法解决，导致实际使用时长往往达不到设计使用时长。因此，本文以低功耗、高可靠性、多样化载荷为设计目标，提出一种具备扩展性的双系统漂流浮标的设计方案，能够尽可能地提高漂流浮标的可靠性，同时基于双系统设计了一种低功耗切换算法。该款漂流浮标系统可在主模块损坏时及时启用备用模块工作，并可对当前电池电量、工作环境状态及模块功能状况进行处理分析，根据分析结果实现对系统未来工作模式的决策，系统功耗降低了20%，同时实现了漂流浮标系统的长时序高效观测。 相似文献
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漂流式海气界面浮标是创新研制的“小型化、轻质化、免维护”的漂流观测系统,能够测量海面以上3 m气象、水下20 cm海表面温度和波浪参数等11个不同的物理参数,并且已经经过多次观测应用,结果均较好。为实现漂流式海气界面浮标观测数据全球范围的应用,利用2018年黑潮延伸体海域Argo观测的海表面温度(sea surface temperature, SST)、SVP (surface velocity program)浮标观测的海表温度和OISST (optimum interpolation sea surface temperature)数据,通过将其与漂流式海气界面浮标观测数据进行时空匹配以及对比验证,对漂流式海气界面浮标观测的海表面温度进行了系统评估,检验其在黑潮延伸体复杂水文环境下的观测准确性。结果表明,漂流式海气界面浮标观测SST数据与Argo观测SST数据相关系数达到0.9737,均方根误差和平均误差分别为0.5790°C和0.4539°C;与SVP浮标SST数据的相关系数弱于与Argo的相关系数,为0.9285,均方根误差为1.323 0°C,平均误差约为0.979 4°C... 相似文献
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浅析SVP使用的表层漂流浮标及在我国的应用现状 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
漂流浮标日渐在我国受到重视和应用,本文着重介绍ＴＥＣＨＮＣＣＥＡＮ公司生产的测温型拉格郎日浮标构造、原理,数据传输及１９９６年以来在我国数次海洋调查活动中使用漂流浮标的情况。文章还阐明经努力可达到的目的。 相似文献
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本文对国外漂流浮标发展现状,传感器测量精确度指标,资料质量控制,发展特点及发展趋势进行了较详细的叙述,并且对发展我国的漂流浮标业务提出看法。 相似文献
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本文介绍了一种旨在观测沿岸表层流的自制"表层海流实验"漂流浮标，该浮标基于GPS信号、简易且十分经济（每个约$30）。通过分析在大亚湾布放的六个漂流浮标轨迹和由此推算得到的流速发现，此类浮标基本可以刻画广东沿岸冬季表层流的特征。 相似文献
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表层漂流浮标在应用于海洋调查研究时,浮标体外形对浮标通讯稳定性及数据回收等会产生一系列影响,也直接制约浮标使用寿命。为此,考虑减少风阻和水阻,减小浮标体对水帆运动的影响,提出了一种新型的适用于近远海海洋观测的表层漂流浮标体葫芦形外形设计方案。结合流体力学理论分析,运用Solid Works软件分别对葫芦形浮标体和常用的圆柱形浮标体建模,并利用Workbench软件CFX流体分析模块开展了流体分析和比较,结果表明葫芦形浮标体所受压力更均匀,其水下部分压力值较圆柱浮标体减小约28%,证明葫芦形外形浮标体更具可靠性。 相似文献
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《海洋技术学报》2023,(1)
本文以表层漂流浮标、漂流式波浪浮标和漂流式海气界面浮标为代表介绍了无动力海面移动观测平台的观测需求、特点、最新进展和发展趋势。无动力海面移动观测平台除具备重量轻、体积小、随波性好等特点外,相比其他观测平台最大的优势在于成本低、实时性强,可有效弥补定点观测在全球大洋空间分辨率的不足。随着海洋与气象环境观测传感器的自动化、小型化和低功耗化,尤其是在可再生能源供应和卫星数据通讯技术的支撑下,这一类型平台观测能力的可拓展性非常强。除可直接开展海洋环境声学、光学和电磁学要素的观测外,还可成为海洋化学、海洋生物、海洋地质等海洋学科的专属平台,并具备海上目标探测识别能力。随着无动力海面移动平台观探测能力的不断提高、使用成本的降低和快速投放技术的发展,此类平台在海洋观探测领域尤其是深远海区域观探测快速响应方面将有非常广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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以低功耗、多参数、安全可靠为设计目标,提出一种基于北斗卫星通信的海洋多要素观测系统设计。设计以嵌入式微控制器STM32F103RET6为核心,实现以漂流浮标为载体的海洋环境噪声测量,同时实现对海洋气温、气压、风速、风向及表层海温的多要素观测;以可充电锂电池组和太阳能电池板组合方式供电,同时进行必要的电源管理,有效提高漂流浮标的工作寿命;采用我国自主知识产权的北斗系统进行定位及双向通信,安全性高。实验表明,基于北斗通信的海洋多要素观测系统设计具有可行性,满足低功耗、多参数、安全可靠的设计要求,为以表面漂流浮标为载体的海洋多要素数据采集控制提供新的硬件设计方法。 相似文献
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表层漂流浮标及其跟踪技术 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
漂流浮标是一种小型海洋资料浮标，具有自动采集海洋水文气象数据，自动定位与数据传输的功能，它可以在海洋中表层海流进行大尺度测量与描绘，属一次性使用仪器，其体积小，便于投放，按照不同的使用目的的可连续在海上工作几个月到两年。 相似文献
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Comparison of Kuroshio surface velocities derived from satellite altimeter and drifting buoy data 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Sea-surface geostrophic velocities for the Kuroshio region calculated from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry data together within situ oceanographic data are compared with surface velocities derived from drifting buoy trajectories. The geostrophic velocities
agree well with the observed velocities, suggesting that the Kuroshio surface layer is essentially in geostrophic balance,
within measurement error. The comparison is improved a little when the centrifugal acceleration is taken into account. The
observed velocities are divided into the temporal mean and fluctuation components, and the partitioning of velocities between
these two components is examined. For the Kuroshio region, most of the fluctuation components of the velocities derived from
drifting buoys are found to be positive. This result suggests that Eulerian mean velocities for the Kuroshio region estimated
from drifting buoy data tend to be larger than actual means, due to the buoy’s tendency to sample preferentially in the high-velocity
Kuroshio. 相似文献
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Sea ice growth and consolidation play a significant role in heat and momentum exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean. However, few in situ observations of sea ice kinematics have been reported owing to difficulties of deployment of buoys in the marginal ice zone (MIZ). To investigate the characteristics of sea ice kinematics from MIZ to packed ice zone (PIZ), eight drifting buoys designed by Taiyuan University of Technology were deployed in the open water at the ice edge of the Canadian Basin. Sea ice near the buoy constantly increased as the buoy drifted, and the kinematics of the buoy changed as the buoy was frozen into the ice. This process can be determined using sea ice concentration, sea skin temperature, and drift speed of buoy together. Sea ice concentration data showed that buoys entered the PIZ in mid-October as the ice grew and consolidated around the buoys, with high amplitude, high frequency buoy motions almost ceasing. Our results confirmed that good correlation coefficient in monthly scale between buoy drift and the wind only happened in the ice zone. The correlation coefficient between buoys and wind was below 0.3 while the buoys were in open water. As buoys entered the ice zone, the buoy speed was normally distributed at wind speeds above 6 m/s. The buoy drifted mainly to the right of the wind within 45° at wind speeds above 8 m/s. During further consolidation of the ice in MIZ, the direct forcing on the ice through winds will be lessened. The correlation coefficient value increased to 0.9 in November, and gradually decreased to 0.7 in April. 相似文献
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A new 0.1° gridded daily sea surface temperature(SST) data product is presented covering the years 2003–2015. It is created by fusing satellite SST data retrievals from four microwave(Wind Sat, AMSR-E, ASMR2 and HY-2 A RM)and two infrared(MODIS and AVHRR) radiometers(RMs) based on the optimum interpolation(OI) method. The effect of including HY-2 A RM SST data in the fusion product is studied, and the accuracy of the new SST product is determined by various comparisons with moored and drifting buoy measurements. An evaluation using global tropical moored buoy measurements shows that the root mean square error(RMSE) of the new gridded SST product is generally less than 0.5℃. A comparison with US National Data Buoy Center meteorological and oceanographic moored buoy observations shows that the RMSE of the new product is generally less than 0.8℃. A comparison with measurements from drifting buoys shows an RMSE of 0.52–0.69℃. Furthermore, the consistency of the new gridded SST dataset and the Remote Sensing Systems microwave-infrared SST dataset is evaluated, and the result shows that no significant inconsistency exists between these two products. 相似文献