共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
在渤海冰区油气开发中,海冰给平台结构、油气运输和施工作业带来很大影响。油气作业区海冰参数精确、连续、实时的现场监测对分析油气开发的可靠性、检验海冰数值模式、校正海冰卫星遥感数据具有重要意义。针对渤海油气作业区的海冰运动和分布特性,通过数字图像技术对海冰的厚度、运动速度和密集度三个参数的提取进行了算法开发和软件研制。在2009-2010年采用该海冰数字图像监测软件对渤海辽东湾JZ20-2油气作业区的海冰参数进行了全冰期的连续监测,获得了翔实可靠的海冰厚度、密集度和冰速等海冰监测资料。现场监测应用表明,该海冰数字图像监测软件具有操作性强、精确度高、可靠性好的优点。该监测技术进一步完善后可广泛应用于渤海油气作业区的海冰现场监测,成为海冰业务化现场监测的重要组成部分。 相似文献
2.
局地海冰数值预测的冰激结构响应计算 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在渤海海冰数值预测的基础上，通过渤海海冰的热力—动力模型，对油气作业区的冰厚、冰速、冰温等海冰参数进行短期数值预测，并以此对海冰的盐度、卤水体积、弯曲强度等海冰物理力学参数进行推算，进而对冰激平台结构响应进行计算分析。以辽东湾JZ20-2油气田的MUQ平台为例，对1999／2000年冬季的冰激结构振动响应进行了预测，其结果与实测情况较为吻合。 相似文献
3.
渤海冬季油气生产危险冰情报警方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前，渤海中的油气田冬季生产都有可能遭受不同程度的冰灾威胁，建立渤海冬季油气生产危险冰情报警系统和防冰减灾的海冰管理方法是很有必要的。本文提出一套适用于渤海不同冰区以及不同型式油气开发工程的冬季油气生产危险冰情报警方法，其中包括渤海海冰生消过程中的监测，预报系统，对不同类型开发工程危险情报警标准的考虑以及海冰管理数据库和专家系统软件。本文是在辽东湾油气田海冰管理实验和研究基础上提出的。对渤海冬季生 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
对海冰的运动规律进行精确、连续和长周期的实时监测有助于海冰热力学和动力学的研究,也可保障冰区生产活动的安全进行。针对辽东湾海冰的运动特点和工程需求,在JZ20-2油气平台上建立了海冰雷达监测系统。采用数字图像处理技术对海冰雷达监测图像进行了分析和软件开发,可对海冰密集度、速度和冰块面积等海冰参数进行提取。采用该海冰雷达监测系统和数字图像处理软件,在2011-2012年冬季对该海域的海冰运动规律进行了全冰期的连续监测,在此基础上重点对海冰速度的雷达图像监测结果进行了分析,讨论了海冰速度场分布以及连续48 h的变化过程。以上结果为海冰的生消运移规律研究和油气作业区的海冰管理工作提供了可靠的现场监测数据。对海冰雷达现场监测及数字图像处理中的问题及改进方法进行了讨论。 相似文献
8.
9.
海冰动力学过程的数值模拟 总被引：41，自引：11，他引：30
讨论了海冰动力学性质并阐述决定海冰漂移的动量平衡,冰脊和水道形成及确定冰应力与形变、强度之间关系的海冰流变学.提出了模拟海冰动力学过程的数值模式,模式中冰厚分布由开阔水、平整冰和堆积冰3种要素表示.在这3要素的预报方程中引入形变函数,采用一种参数化方法模拟冰脊和水道.为了表示冰内相互作用,将海冰作为一种非线性粘性可压缩物质,采用粘-塑性本构关系.本文还概述和讨论了模式中所采用的数值方法,应用此模式模拟了渤海、波罗的海的波的尼亚湾和拉布拉多海的冰漂移.渤海冰漂移模拟结果明显地显示出潮周期变化,还模拟了渤海的冰脊和水道,进行了海冰流变学参数的敏感性试验.并将此冰模式与大气模式和边界层模式联接,给出渤海海冰预报结果. 相似文献
10.
渤海海冰工程设计特征参数 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13
以我国30余年渤海海冰分布、生消规律的调查研究和近10年来海冰物理和力学性质、海冰工程设计参数等应用研究成果为基础,归纳了渤海海冰的基本特点,统计出渤海沿岸海洋站及海上海冰的冰期、冰量、冰厚等时空分布特征值,结合国内外海冰物理和力学试验研究结果,总结出渤海海冰物理和力学设计特征参数。 相似文献
11.
The HY-1A satellite is the first oceanic satellite of China. During the winter of 2002-2003, the data of the HY-1A were applied to the sea ice monitoring and forecasting for the Bohai Sea of China for the fhst time. The sea ice retrieval system of the HY-1A has been constructed. It receives 1B data from the satellite, outputs sea ice images and provides digital products of ice concentration, ice thickness and ice edge, which can be used as important information for sea ice monitoring and the initial fields of the numeric sea ice forecast and as one of the reference data for the sea ice forecasting verification. The sea ice retrieval system of the satellite is described, including its processes, methods and parameters. The retrieving results and their application to the sea ice monitoring and forecasting for the Bohai Sea are also discussed. 相似文献
12.
The HY-1A satellite is the first oceanic satellite of China. During the winter of 2002～2003, the data of the HY-1A were applied to the sea ice monitoring and forecasting for the Bohai Sea of China for the first time. The sea ice retrieval system of the HY-1A has been constructed. It receives 1B data from the satellite, outputs sea ice images and provides digital products of ice concentration, ice thickness and ice edge, which can be used as important information for sea ice monitoring and the initial fields of the numeric sea ice forecast and as one of the reference data for the sea ice forecasting verification. The sea ice retrieval system of the satellite is described, including its processes, methods and parameters. The retrieving results and their application to the sea ice monitoring and forecasting for the Bohai Sea are also discussed. 相似文献
13.
我国渤海每年约有3个月的结冰期,冰与海洋结构的相互作用远较波浪为甚,因此有必要进行冰与海洋结构相互作用的可靠性分析.首先,采用热力学的方法根据每年实测的环境参数对海冰平整冰厚进行数值模拟计算,然后根据计算结果对不同重现期的极值冰厚采用极值统计法给出了极值分布,并与其他文献作比较.其次,以应变速率为海冰强度的主要影响参数,给出了海冰强度的概率分布.最后,以Schwarz公式为静冰力计算公式,结合得到的冰厚和冰强度的概率分布,采用映射变换法进行不同重现期静冰力的可靠度分析计算,并用蒙特卡罗重点抽样法进行模拟. 相似文献
14.
Numerical sea ice prediction in China 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
ＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｓｅａｉｃｅｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎｉｎＣｈｉｎａＷｕＨｕｉｄｉｎｇ,ＢａｉＳｈａｎ,ＺｈａｎｇＺｈａｎｈａｉ１（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＳｅｐｔｅｍｂｅｒ１２,１９９６;ａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄＪｕｎｅ５,１９９７）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ──Ａｄｙｎａｍｉ... 相似文献
15.
海冰动力过程的改进离散元模型及在渤海的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海冰的断裂、重叠和堆积等离散分布特性广泛地存在于极区和副极区的不同海域,并对海冰的生消、运移过程有着重要影响。针对海冰在不同尺度下的离散分布特点,发展海冰动力过程的离散元方法有助于完善海冰数值模式,提高海冰数值模拟的计算精度。为此,本文针对海冰生消运移过程中的非连续分布和形变特性,发展了适用于海冰动力过程的改进离散元模型(MDEM)。不同于传统离散元方法,该模型将海冰离散为具有一定厚度、尺寸和密集度的圆盘单元。海冰单元设为诸多浮冰块的集合体,其在运移和相互接触碰撞过程中,依照质量守恒发生单元尺寸、密集度和厚度的相应变化。基于海冰离散性和流变性的特点,该模型采用黏弹性接触本构模型计算单元间的作用力,并依据Mohr-Coulomb准则计算海冰法向作用下的塑性变形及切向摩擦力。为验证该模型的可靠性,本文对海冰在规则水域内的运移和堆积过程进行了分析,离散元计算结果与解析值相一致;此外,对旋转风场下海冰漂移规律的模拟进一步验证了本文方法的精确性。在此基础上,对渤海辽东湾的海冰动力过程进行了48h数值分析,计算结果与卫星遥感资料和油气作业区的海冰现场监测数据吻合良好。在下一步工作中将考虑海冰离散元模拟中的热力因素影响,发展具有冻结、断裂效应的海冰离散元模型,更精确地模拟海冰动力-热力耦合作用下的生消和运移过程。 相似文献
16.
基于MODIS热红外数据的渤海海冰厚度反演 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Level ice thickness distribution pattern in the Bohai Sea in the winter of 2009–2010 was investigated in this paper using MODIS night-time thermal infrared imagery.The cloud cover in the imagery was masked out manually.Level ice thickness was calculated using MODIS ice surface temperature and an ice surface heat balance equation.Weather forcing data was from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) analyses.The retrieved ice thickness agreed reasonable well with in situ observations from two off-shore oil platforms.The overall bias and the root mean square error of the MODIS ice thickness are –1.4 cm and 3.9 cm,respectively.The MODIS results under cold conditions(air temperature –10°C) also agree with the estimated ice growth from Lebedev and Zubov models.The MODIS ice thickness is sensitive to the changes of the sea ice and air temperature,in particular when the sea ice is relatively thin.It is less sensitive to the wind speed.Our method is feasible for the Bohai Sea operational ice thickness analyses during cold freezing seasons. 相似文献
17.
Sea ice drift is mainly controlled by ocean currents, local wind, and internal ice stress. Information on sea ice motion, especially in situ synchronous observation of an ice velocity, a current velocity, and a wind speed, is of great significance to identify ice drift characteristics. A sea ice substitute, the so-called "modelled ice", which is made by polypropylene material with a density similar to Bohai Sea ice, is used to complete a free drift experiment in the open sea. The trajectories of isolated modelled ice, currents and wind in the Bohai Sea during non-frozen and frozen periods are obtained. The results show that the currents play a major role while the wind plays a minor role in the free drift of isolated modelled ice when the wind is mild in the Bohai Sea. The modelled ice drift is significantly affected by the ocean current and wind based on the ice–current–wind relationship established by a multiple linear regression. The modelled ice velocity calculated by the multiple linear regression is close to that of the in situ observation, the magnitude of the error between the calculated and observed ice velocities is less than12.05%, and the velocity direction error is less than 6.21°. Thus, the ice velocity can be estimated based on the observed current velocity and wind speed when the in situ observed ice velocity is missing. And the modelled ice of same thickness with a smaller density is more sensitive to the current velocity and the wind speed changes. In addition, the modelled ice drift characteristics are shown to be close to those of the real sea ice, which indicates that the modelled ice can be used as a good substitute of real ice for in situ observation of the free ice drift in the open sea, which helps solve time availability, safety and logistics problems related to in situ observation on real ice. 相似文献