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研究了温度和盐度变化对大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)幼鱼存活与生长的影响.结果表明,温度和盐度变化对大泷六线鱼4月龄幼鱼存活与生长的影响显著(P＜0.05),4月龄幼鱼存活与生长适宜水温为14～23℃,最适水温为17～23℃,在适温范围内幼鱼具有较高的存活率和生长率,温度过高或过低均对其生长发育有抑制作用.在20℃±0.5℃时生长率达到峰值,为20.89 mg/d.适宜盐度为15～40,最适盐度为25 ～ 35,在盐度30时生长率达到最大值17.1 mg/d. 相似文献
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采用静水呼吸室法,研究了温度、盐度和两种麻醉剂(丁香油、MS-222)对体质量为(6.44±0.59)g的大泷六线鱼幼鱼耗氧率和排氨率的影响。实验分别设置了5个温度梯度(8℃、12℃、16℃、20℃、24℃),5个盐度梯度(15‰、20‰、25‰、30‰、35‰),6个丁香油浓度梯度(0、8、16、24、32、40 mg/L)和5个MS-222浓度梯度(0、10、20、30、40 mg/L)。结果显示,温度、盐度和两种麻醉剂均对耗氧率和排氨率有显著性影响。8℃时,耗氧率和排氨率最低,随温度升高先升高后降低,且均在20℃时达到峰值;盐度30‰时,耗氧率和排氨率最低,盐度升高或降低都会导致耗氧率和排氨率升高;丁香油和MS-222均能有效降低大泷六线鱼的耗氧率和排氨率,其中丁香油的降低效果更为明显;丁香油浓度为24 mg/L时或MS-222为20 mg/L时可使大泷六线鱼处于深度镇定期,结合耗氧率及排氨率变化,认为上述浓度是大泷六线鱼幼鱼保活运输的最佳浓度;本研究所有处理组的O∶N比值范围均在14.77~24.11之间,表明适宜温度和盐度条件下,大泷六线鱼幼鱼主要由蛋白质和脂肪提供能量。研究认为,适度降温、自然盐度和适宜浓度的麻醉剂处理均可显著降低大泷六线鱼幼鱼的呼吸代谢强度,其中丁香油相比MS-222作用效果更加明显。本研究结果为实现大泷六线鱼高质量运输提供了科学参考。 相似文献
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研究了不同的海水温度、盐度、pH值和底质等主要环境因子对方斑东风螺（Babylonia areolata）稚螺生长与存活的影响。结果表明,方斑东风螺稚螺生存和生长的最高和最低临界水温分别为35℃和11℃,适宜水温为14～32℃,最适水温为26～29℃,适温范围内,稚螺的日生长率随着水温的升高而增加,在29℃时达到峰值,为262．5μm／d。方斑东风螺稚螺生存和生长的最高和最低临界盐度分别为38和11,适宜盐度为14～35,最适盐度为17～29,适宜盐度范围内,低盐海水有利于提高稚螺的日生长率,盐度对稚螺生长的影响不如温度的影响明显。方斑东风螺稚螺在pH为8．0时,有最高日生长率,为220．4μm／d,pH高于9．0、低于7．0时,日生长率与成活率显著降低。池底铺砂可显著提高稚螺的日生长率,但对稚螺的成活率无显著影响。 相似文献
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大泷六线鱼人工繁殖及育苗技术初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
总结了2009 ～2010年关于大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)人工繁殖及育苗技术的研究结果,论述了大泷六线鱼苗种繁育的关键技术.通过对亲鱼强化培育和促熟,创新发明人工平面授精技术和网箱吊式孵化技术,加强饵料的合理搭配与投喂、水质调控技术等措施,突破了大泷六线鱼人工繁殖的技术难点,明显提高了受精率、孵化率和苗种成活率,解决了人工繁殖大泷六线鱼苗种生产问题.在水温16～ 17℃,盐度31,光照500 ～ 1000 1x的培育条件下,大泷六线鱼鱼苗经过90 ～ 100 d的培育,全长生长至5 ～6cm.2009和2010年分别培育出全长5 cm以上大泷六线鱼鱼苗4.1万尾、11.4万尾,苗种成活率分别达到41.7％、43.2％,在国内首次实现了大泷六线鱼人工规模化繁育. 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2017,(4)
室内条件下,通过单因素实验设计方法,研究了温度(18、22、26、30、34℃)和盐度(15、20、25、30、35)对栉江珧(Atrina pectinata)受精卵孵化及早期幼虫生长与存活的影响。研究表明:栉江珧受精卵的适宜孵化温度为22~30℃,最适温度为26℃(孵化率为73%);适宜孵化盐度为25~30,最适盐度为30(孵化率为70%)。栉江珧早期幼虫生长的适宜温度为22~30℃,最适温度为26℃(壳长日生长率为4.7μm/d,存活率为50%(7d));适宜盐度为20~30,最适盐度为25(壳长日生长率为4.5μm/d,存活率为55%(7d))。研究结果表明:栉江珧受精卵孵化的适宜温、盐条件为温度22~30℃,盐度25~30;早期幼虫生长发育的适宜温、盐条件为温度22~30℃,盐度20~30。本研究为栉江珧人工育苗提供了重要的基础资料。 相似文献
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大泷六线鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了确定大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)仔鱼的初次摄食饥饿不可逆点(PNR),作者利用人工孵化得到的大泷六线鱼初孵仔鱼,在水温(16±0.5)℃、盐度31条件下,研究了饥饿对大泷六线鱼前期仔鱼生长的影响,并确定了仔鱼的初次摄食饥饿不可逆点。结果表明,仔鱼3日龄开口摄食,卵黄于7日龄消耗完毕,油球于8日龄消耗完毕,混合营养期为5~6 d,饥饿对仔鱼卵黄吸收速度影响显著(P0.05),对油球的吸收在仔鱼开口前影响不显著(P0.05),仔鱼开口后影响显著(P0.05)。摄食仔鱼生长呈线性增加,饥饿仔鱼生长呈现先升高后降低的趋势。仔鱼饥饿不可逆点出现在8日龄和9日龄之间。 相似文献
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大泷六线鱼全人工繁育技术研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
2012年~2014年,作者在山东省海洋生物研究院鳌山卫中试基地进行了大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)全人工繁育研究,通过人工促熟、激素诱导,培育F1代全人工亲鱼558尾(雄鱼231尾,雌鱼327尾),获得受精卵33.0万粒,孵化F2代仔鱼30.0万尾,受精率98%,孵化率91%。在水温16~17℃、盐度31、p H 7.8~8.1、溶解氧6 mg/L条件下,历时110 d,培育平均全长6.2 cm F2代苗种11.7万尾,苗种成活率39%。作者在国内外首次开展了大泷六线鱼全人工繁育技术研究,丰富了大泷六线鱼养殖基础资料,为大泷六线鱼产业的发展奠定基础。 相似文献
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为确定长牡蛎新品种"海大1号"苗种繁育的最适环境条件,研究了盐度对其胚胎发育的影响以及盐度、水温对其幼虫生长、存活率和附着率的影响。结果表明:长牡蛎"海大1号"受精卵孵化的最适盐度为30~35,孵化率最高可达90%。幼虫生长的适宜盐度为20~35,最适盐度为20~30;存活的适宜盐度为20~35,最适盐度为20~25;幼虫附着的适宜盐度为20~35,最适盐度为25~30;对长牡蛎"海大1号"幼虫生长、存活、附着的适宜水温分别为为20~30℃、20~25℃、20~30℃,最适水温分别为30、25、30℃,高温35℃时幼虫全部死亡。综上,长牡蛎"海大1号"苗种培育的适宜盐度为20~35,适宜水温为20~25℃。上述结果为长牡蛎"海大1号"规模化苗种繁育提供了重要的基础资料。 相似文献
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探讨了壳寡糖及全乙酰壳寡糖的制备方法,通过正交实验考察了原料、温度、时间对降解产物的影响.制备了八种寡糖（八乙酰壳二糖、十一乙酰壳三糖、十四乙酰壳四糖和十七乙酰壳五糖,以及N,N′-二乙酰壳二糖、N,N′,N″-三乙酰壳三糖、N,N′,N″,N′′′四乙酰壳四糖和N,N′,N″,N′′′,N′′′′-五乙酰壳五糖）,并通过IR、NMR及MS等确定了其化学结构. 相似文献
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Coastal and estuarine habitat mapping, using LIDAR height and intensity and multi-spectral imagery 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Guillem Chust Ibon Galparsoro ngel Borja Javier Franco Adolfo Uriarte 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,78(4):633-643
The airborne laser scanning LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) provides high-resolution Digital Terrain Models (DTM) that have been applied recently to the characterization, quantification and monitoring of coastal environments. This study assesses the contribution of LIDAR altimetry and intensity data, topographically-derived features (slope and aspect), and multi-spectral imagery (three visible and a near-infrared band), to map coastal habitats in the Bidasoa estuary and its adjacent coastal area (Basque Country, northern Spain). The performance of high-resolution data sources was individually and jointly tested, with the maximum likelihood algorithm classifier in a rocky shore and a wetland zone; thus, including some of the most extended Cantabrian Sea littoral habitats, within the Bay of Biscay. The results show that reliability of coastal habitat classification was more enhanced with LIDAR-based DTM, compared with the other data sources: slope, aspect, intensity or near-infrared band. The addition of the DTM, to the three visible bands, produced gains of between 10% and 27% in the agreement measures, between the mapped and validation data (i.e. mean producer's and user's accuracy) for the two test sites. Raw LIDAR intensity images are only of limited value here, since they appeared heterogeneous and speckled. However, the enhanced Lee smoothing filter, applied to the LIDAR intensity, improved the overall accuracy measurements of the habitat classification, especially in the wetland zone; here, there were gains up to 7.9% in mean producer's and 11.6% in mean user's accuracy. This suggests that LIDAR can be useful for habitat mapping, when few data sources are available. The synergy between the LIDAR data, with multi-spectral bands, produced high accurate classifications (mean producer's accuracy: 92% for the 16 rocky habitats and 88% for the 11 wetland habitats). Fusion of the data enabled discrimination of intertidal communities, such as Corallina elongata, barnacles (Chthamalus spp.), and stands of Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis, which presented misclassification when conventional visible bands were used alone. All of these results were corroborated by the kappa coefficient of agreement. The high classification accuracy found here, selecting data sources, highlights the value of integrating LIDAR data with multi-spectral imagery for habitat mapping in the intertidal complex fringe. 相似文献
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Adsorption and desorption of proteins and polyamino acids by clay minerals and marine sediments 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The adsorption and desorption of proteins and polyamino acids on illite, montmorillonite, goethite, and marine sediments was investigated. Three 14C-labeled hydrophilic proteins, Rubisco from C. reinhardtii, and GroEL and GroES from genetically modified Escherichia coli, were synthesized and purified for this study. The proteins were strongly and rapidly adsorbed by the clay minerals and marine sediments, and much of the adsorbed protein was not readily desorbed. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) extraction and separation by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and sucrose density gradients showed that Rubisco and GroEL were adsorbed on illite and sediments in their original forms. The apparent adsorption partition coefficients of the proteins were on the order of 102 l/kg on illite, 103–104 l/kg on goethite and montmorillonite, and 200 and 75 l/kg on Skan Bay and Resurrection Bay (Alaska) sediments, respectively. These partition coefficients are sufficiently large to permit sedimentary protein preservation via an adsorptive mechanism. Generally, basic polyamino acids had greater adsorption partition coefficients than acidic polyamino acids. Molecular size did not affect the electrostatic interaction between polyamino acids and mineral surfaces. Adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and negatively charged polyamino acids inhibited Rubisco adsorption, while positively charged cytochrome c and polyamino acids increased Rubisco adsorption. These results indicate that electrostatic interactions dominated in protein adsorption. 相似文献
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