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影响北京地区粉质粘土和细砂的热导率因素统计分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
随着能源短缺和人们环保意识不断提高,浅层地下空间的有限资源得到了快速开发利用,为高效合理使用地下有限热能,有必要研究岩土体的热物理参数变化规律。在北京平原区浅层地温能资源地质勘查项目岩土体热物理性质测试和土工试验的基础上,对粉质粘土和细砂的热导率影响因素进行数理统计分析。从统计结果来看,在天然含水率条件下,粉砂质粘土的平均热导率为1.74 W/(m.K),细砂的平均热导率为1.55 W/(m.K),两者的热导率均随天然含水率、天然密度、孔隙比的变化趋势明显:随着含水量的增大而热导率逐渐减小,随密度的增加而热导率增大,随着孔隙度的增加则热导率逐渐降低,粉质粘土含水量在20%左右热导率最佳,细砂含水量在15%左右热导率最佳;由于样品物质成分和微观结构差异影响传热方式组合,因而导致不同地区乃至相同地区热导率与含水量等因素拟合方程形式不尽相同,但变化规律趋势相似。 相似文献
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目前报道的不少实验成果,在得出粉土热物性指标和某一因素的关系时,并未保持其他影响因素固定不变,因而只能说明粉土热物性指标随影响因素的定性变化趋势。要建立热物性指标与影响因素间的确定性关系和推算公式,需要更为严格的实验,即研究某一影响因素时保持其他因素不变。通过一系列实验,对粉土试样的热导率进行研究,在排除孔隙比、干密度、土样成分等影响因素的情况下,独立分析了粉土的热导率与含水量间的关系。实验结果表明粉土的热导率随含水量的增大而增大,其变化规律与砂土一致,都符合对数变化规律,且整个变化过程可分为两个阶段。同时还分析了粉土的内在传热机制,有效描述和解释粉土热导率随含水量的变化规律。分析结果表明用对数形式来描述粉土热导率与含水量之间的关系是正确的。 相似文献
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中国东南沿海平原晚第四纪超浅层生物气藏盖层研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据晚第四纪地层的物性特征,力学性质及烃浓度值实验资料和孔隙水压力及其消散历时现场试验结果表明,覆盖下切河谷之上的的浅海相灰色淤泥质粘土层为区域盖层,下切河人的河漫滩相灰－灰黑色粘土及淤泥质粘土层为局部盖层。粉细砂、粉砂、粉砂质粘土、淤泥质粘土和粘土的粒径依次变小,比表面积依次增大,使其孔隙率、孔隙比、天然含水量及孔隙水压力值依次增大。粘土的压缩系数、塑性指数、液性指数及抗剪强度最大,其抗变形能力相对最弱,可压缩相对最大．相对封闭性最好;而淤泥质粘土、粉砂质牯土的封闭性次之。随着埋藏深度的增加．盖层的封闭性增强。盖层的封闭机理主要为物性封闭、烃浓度封闭和孔隙水压力封闭,后者可能对生物气藏保存起着最主要的封闭作用。 相似文献
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太仓浅部广泛分布的淤泥质粉质粘土层具有高含水量、高压缩性和低渗透性,对开采浅层地下水引起的地面沉降研究有重要意义。本文通过一系列微观和宏观室内试验,查明该层土的矿物成分主要为伊利石,其次为绿泥石、高岭石,土中孔隙主要为中孔隙和小孔隙。在一定应力范围内,随固结压力增大,土中的中孔隙明显减小,渗透系数也明显减小,孔隙比与渗透系数之间有单对数线性关系,但当固结压力超过一定值后,土中以小孔隙为主,随固结压力增大,孔径分布变化不明显,渗透系数随孔隙比的变化也小得多。淤泥质粉质粘土层的变形以不可恢复的塑性变形为主,具有显著的蠕变性,在开采地下水引起的地面沉降中将会有明显的变形迟后。 相似文献
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重塑马兰黄土渗透性试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了研究干密度和初始含水率对重塑黄土渗透性的影响,对延安新区I期工程所取的重塑马兰黄土进行了饱和渗透试验。结果表明:在非饱和状态,干密度对饱和时间的影响最为显著,饱和时间随干密度的增大而增大,而初始含水率对饱和时间的影响不明显。重塑马兰黄土的渗透系数随着干密度的增大而减小,其关系可以拟合为幂函数关系。在一定干密度范围内,渗透系数随初始含水率的增大而减小,其关系可以用直线关系拟合。渗透系数与孔隙比之间可以用幂函数关系拟合,渗透系数随孔隙比的减小而减小。初始含水率、干密度以及孔隙比都是影响重塑黄土渗透性的重要因素,其主要是通过对试样微结构的影响而影响渗透系数。该研究对延安新区的工程建设具有一定的理论指导和实际应用价值。 相似文献
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针对胶济客运专线非饱和原状粉质粘土,在控制基质吸力条件下进行了K0固结试验和常基质吸力固结试验研究,得到了不同含水量土体的侧压力系数,并在此基础上进行常基质吸力固结试验,通过分级施加围压和上覆应力对现场应力状态进行模拟,得到原状粉质粘土的水土特征曲线,进而探讨了非饱和粉质粘土的水土特性及体变规律。试验结果表明:不同含水量的非饱和土体侧压力系数不同,并且侧压力系数随含水量的增加而增加;非饱和原状粉质粘土的进气值约25kPa;土体饱和度对固结时间的影响显著,非饱和粉质粘土的固结速度随着饱和度的增加而减小。 相似文献
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以宝鸡市地震小区划为依托,选取渭北典型黄土台塬场地,采集大量不同深度（1m、3m、5m）原状马兰黄土样品进行动三轴震陷试验,研究不同深度黄土震陷变化规律。建立了震陷曲线数学模型,分析表明,震陷基本参数起始动应力受含水量影响最显著,随含水量增加而减小,临界动应力与极限动应力受含水量影响不明显,但含水量大于塑限后随含水量增加而减小。震陷基本参数与孔隙比呈负相关关系,存在一特征孔隙比,当大于该特征孔隙比后,震陷临界动应力和极限动应力随孔隙比增大而迅速减小。提出一种表征震陷敏感性的指标¬—震陷敏感性系数Sc,反映震陷发生难易程度,其随含水量的增加而增大,随孔隙比的增加而增大。 相似文献
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通过室内电阻率试验和土工试验,对长江下游苏州-南通长江公路大桥地基中深厚软土电阻率特征及其与物理力学参数的相关关系问题进行了研究。发现,（1）在同一钻孔（即CZK30）中,从粉质黏土→粉砂→细砂→中粗砂,土样的电阻率逐渐增大。电阻率随含水率、孔隙比、饱和度的增加而减小,而随垂直渗透系数、水平渗透系数、压缩模量、标贯等的增加而增大。（2）CZK30孔中粉质黏土电阻率随含水率、孔隙比、饱和度、压缩系数、液限系数增加而减小,而随压缩模量、黏聚力等的增加而增大。（3）通过拟合,提供了软土电阻率与物理力学参数相关关系的量化表达式,拟合曲线与试验数据点的相关程度较高,相关系数绝大部分在0.88以上。结果表明,土电阻率与其它物理力学参数间存在密切的联系。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献