共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
利用2007—2009年热带降雨测量卫星（TRMM）的微波成像仪（TMI）观测到的亮温资料,计算9个通道（10、19、37、85 GHz的水平和垂直极化通道及21 GHz的垂直极化通道）的亮温和极化修正温度（PCT）在不同范围内的最大值、最小值、平均值和区域阈值与热带气旋强度之间的关系。结果表明：亮温信息可较好地反映热带气旋的强度,单个参数与热带气旋最大风速的相关性最好可达到0.83,线性拟合的均方根误差接近业务误差;低频通道的亮温相对于高频通道可更好地估计海上热带气旋强度;位于台风中心0.5°～1.5°度范围之间的亮温与气旋强度的相关性较好,圆形区域的相关性好于圆环区域;对于位于海上的热带气旋,区域亮温的最小值与热带气旋强度的关系最好;低频通道（除10 GHz外）,阈值位于260～280 K区间的亮温与热带气旋强度的相关性较好。 相似文献
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云中液态水分布对全球气候和局地天气变化有重要影响, 是判别人工影响天气作业潜力区的重要依据。利用TRMM卫星微波成像仪 (TMI) 85.5 GHz通道垂直极化亮温资料与NCEP再分析资料, 结合VDISORT模式采用逐步逼近方法反演了河南地区地表比辐射率; 再利用TRMM/TMI 85.5 GHz通道垂直极化亮温资料、TRMM/VIRS红外辐射资料及NCEP再分析资料, 结合VDISORT模式采用迭代的方法反演了河南地区云中液态水的垂直积分总含量。与红外卫星云图、TRMM卫星2A12产品及NCEP资料对比分析表明:该研究提出的反演陆地上空非降水云中液态水方法是可行的, 且对云中液态水垂直积分总含量水平分布的反演结果较对比产品结果更好。 相似文献
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空基微波辐射计遥感晴天大气可降水量：不同通道组合和亮温函数形式的效果的比较分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了监测全球海洋上空的大气可降水量，已发射上天多种星载微波波谱仪和辐射计，相应地发展建立了多种反演算式。我们利用逐步回归分析，研究比较了反演晴天大气可降水量（PW）的多种通道组合以及算式中不同的亮温（Ta）函数形式的效果。主要结果有：（1）对应于高中低PW值有不同的最佳通道组合；（2）常选的水汽吸收中心线22.235 GHz不太适合于反演高中且变化范围大的PW值；（3）有必要建立分气候区域和分季节的反演算式；（4）在反演算式中采用ln(T0-TB)一般比线性形式有更好的回归和反演效果，但在有22.235 GHz通道时则不然；（5）反演中低或变化范围大的PW时，22.235 GHz亮温的平方项能显著改善回归和反演结果。 相似文献
4.
热带测雨卫星(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission,TRMM)在2001年8月轨道高度从350 km升高至402 km,搭载于其上的微波成像仪(TRMM Microwave Imager,TMI)的入射角随之发生变化,进而使得相应探测结果(亮温)发生改变,从而导致由此反演的大气参数出现虚假的突变。为保证轨道抬升前后TMI亮温资料的连致性,以便更好地用于气候研究,本研究首先分析了洋面轨道抬升前后亮温的差异及变化原因,然后结合微波辐射传输模式,分析了不同环境参数对亮温变化的影响,在此基础上用线性变换的方式对轨道抬升后的亮温进行了修正,并从不同角度检验修正效果。结果表明,轨道抬升前后亮温呈线性关系,低频垂直极化通道亮温轨道抬升后升高了0.8-1.6 K,其他通道亮温变化不大。经过修正,轨道抬升前后的亮温趋于一致,月平均亮温偏差明显减小,低频垂直极化通道亮温在轨道抬升期间的突变被消除,亮温变得连续平稳,可用于气候研究。 相似文献
5.
基于风云三号气象卫星微波亮温资料反演东北地区土壤湿度及其对比分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土壤湿度在陆面过程中发挥着重要作用,是联系陆地水循环和能量循环的纽带和关键环节。遥感技术可以实时地对土壤湿度进行长期、大区域动态监测,已成为监测土壤湿度的有效手段。本文基于风云三号气象卫星（FY3B）微波亮温资料,利用基于微波能量辐射传输方程的陆面参数反演模型（LPRM）反演了中国东北地区的土壤湿度（FY3BLPRM）。把反演获得的FY3BLRPM土壤湿度与中国气象局农业气象站土壤湿度观测资料、NCEP和ERA-Interim土壤湿度再分析资料、欧洲空间局多卫星融合ECV（Essential Climate Variable）土壤湿度产品和国家卫星气象中心FY3B官方土壤湿度产品（FY3Boffical）进行了对比分析。结果表明:（1）本文反演的FY3B土壤湿度与农业气象站观测资料有较高的一致性;卫星土壤湿度整体上呈现自西向东逐渐增加的空间变化,与农业气象站观测资料较为一致;在季节变化上,两者高度相关,在大部分地区的相关系数都达到0.7以上。（2）在大兴安岭和东北三省东部等地表相对湿润的地区,FY3BLPRM土壤湿度与NCEP、ERA-Interim和FY3Boffical土壤湿度呈现较强的负相关;再分析资料和FY3Boffical土壤湿度均无法反映该地区土壤干湿状况的季节性变化,甚至与观测资料呈反位相变化特征。FY3BLPRM土壤湿度与欧洲空间局研发的多卫星融合ECV土壤湿度产品在绝大多数地区有较好的一致性。本文基于风云三号极轨气象卫星微波亮温反演的土壤湿度资料,可用于干旱监测、数值同化与天气预报、水文水资源等领域。 相似文献
6.
从FY3A卫星IRAS的多通道辐射率估算OLR 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
介绍了从FY3A卫星IRAS仪器的通道辐射率估算OLR的技术,包括:用红外辐射传输正演的方法建立IRAS多通道辐射率加权求和计算OLR的反演模式,以及由此模式计算得到的OLR产品。模式的全球RMS=3.53 W/m2,表明远高于从NOAA AVHRR通道5亮温计算OLR的反演模式精度。文中给出IRAS全球OLR产品个例,及该OLR产品与NOAA-17 OLR产品的精度对比。 相似文献
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183.31 GHz微波辐射计在探测低含量水汽时具有优势,但也存在通道饱和问题,定量研究该问题对明确该类型仪器探测水汽能力和适用范围具有重要意义。基于天津市人工影响天气办公室增雨飞机运-12搭载的183.31 GHz微波辐射计GVR（G-band water Vapor Radiometer）,采用探空资料对该辐射计4个通道进行饱和问题研究,定量计算其饱和阈值及探测灵敏度,分析各通道水汽探测能力及适用范围。结果表明:机载微波辐射计4个通道水汽探测灵敏度及饱和阈值与观测高度有关,当水汽含量较低时,通道1（（183±1）GHz）观测高度越高灵敏度越高,通道3（（183±7）GHz）和通道4（（183±14）GHz）观测高度越高灵敏度越低,通道2（（183±3）GHz）灵敏度几乎不受观测高度影响,通道1和通道4观测高度越高积分水汽探测饱和阈值越小,观测高度越低饱和阈值越大,通道2和通道3饱和阈值几乎不受观测高度影响。晴空条件下选择水汽探测能力最强的单通道对积分水汽含量进行反演,当积分水汽含量处于0—1.3、1.3—4.0和4.0—9.8 mm时,分别选择通道1、通道2、通道3作为反演通道,不同观测高度的积分水汽含量反演均适用。云的发射作用使辐射计各通道亮温升高,亮温升高幅度与云液态水含量、云与观测高度的距离及云厚有关,云液态水含量越大,各通道水汽探测灵敏度及饱和阈值越小;云天条件下选择水汽探测能力最强的双通道对积分水汽含量进行反演,以液态水路径区间来选择合适的水汽探测通道,液态水含量越高,积分水汽可探测范围越小。要探测到0.1 mm的积分水汽含量变化,机载微波辐射计（GVR）在晴空条件下的水汽探测适用范围为0—9.8 mm,其探测能力在云天条件下减弱,水汽探测适用范围因云液态水含量不同而不同。 相似文献
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利用风云三号B星(FY-3B)微波成像仪(Microwave Radiation Imager,MWRI)一级亮温数据和每6 h一次的热带气旋(tropical cyclone, TC)最佳路径数据进行时空匹配,建立了TC微波亮温数据集。该数据集包含了2011—2016年全球六大海盆生成的热带风暴级别以上的TC共计538个,以及对应每个TC的微波十通道亮温和36.50 GHz、89.00 GHz的极化校正亮温度,并简要阐明了该数据集在热带气旋研究方面的潜在应用,尤其对TC生命周期内的微波亮温特征及TC强度变化研究提供了有力的数据支撑。 相似文献
10.
FY3A/VIRR海面温度业务产品算法改进与质量检验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对FY3A/VIRR海面温度(SST)业务产品温度偏低的现状,进行误差原因分析,并对SST产品算法进行了如下改进:采用精度优先原则,以尽可能大的SST覆盖度提高SST反演精度;针对业务SST云污染的现状,构建3×3数据块,并在此基础上进行了SST空间一致性检验;引入气候阈值检验,以进一步剔除异常值。改进后的SST产品,全球日平均SST的覆盖度有所降低,但SST的一致性提高了;算法改进前后全球月平均SST覆盖度基本一致,但改进后云污染的现象得到了抑制。利用分析场日平均OISST对改进后的FY3ASST进行了质量检验,在南北纬70°之间的海域,FY3ASST的全局精度为-0.23±1.74℃,负的偏差说明云和气溶胶的影响仍然存在。改进后的FY3ASST 1.74℃的均方根误差与FY3A VIRR 11μm通道1.6K的定标精度量级相当。 相似文献
11.
Evaluation of the Community Microwave Emission Model Coupled with
the Community Land Model over East Asia 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Community Microwave Emission Model (CMEM) developed by the European Centre for Me-dium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) can provide a link between surface states and satellite observations and simulate the passive microwave brightness temperature of the surface at low frequencies (from 1 GHz to 20 GHz).This study evaluated the performance of the CMEM cou-pled with the Community Land Model (CLM) (CMEM-CLM) using C-band (6.9 GHz) microwave brightness temperatures from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer on Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) over East Asia.Preliminary results support the argument that the simulated brightness temperatures of CMEM-CLM from July 2005 to June 2010 are comparable to AMSR-E observational data.CMEM-CLM performed better for vertical polarization,for which the root mean square error was approximately 15 K,compared to over 30 K for horizontal polarization.An evaluation performed over seven sub-regions in China indicated that CMEM-CLM was able to capture the temporal evolution of C-band brightness temperatures well,and the best correlation with AMSR-E appeared over western Northwest China (over 0.9 for vertical polarization).However,larger biases were found over southern North China and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. 相似文献
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Accurate measurements of soil moisture are beneficial to our understanding of hydrological processes in the earth system. A multivariable approach using the random forest(RF) machine learning technique is proposed to estimate the soil moisture from Microwave Radiation Imager(MWRI) onboard Fengyun-3 C satellite. In this study, Soil Moisture Operational Products System(SMOPS) products disseminated from NOAA are used as a truth to train the algorithm with the input of MWRI brightness temperatures(TBs) at 10.65, 18.7, 23.8, 36.5, and 89.0 GHz, TB polarization ratios(PRs) at 10.65, 18.7, and 23.8 GHz, height in digital elevation model(DEM), and soil porosity. The retrieved soil moisture is also validated against the independent SMOPS data, and the correlation coefficient is about0.8 and mean bias is 0.002 m3 m-3 over the period from 1 August 2017 to 31 May 2019. Our retrieval of soil moisture also has a higher correlation with ECMWF ERA5 soil moisture data than the MWRI operational products. In the western part of China, the spatial distribution of MWRI soil moisture is much improved, compared to the MWRI operational products. 相似文献
13.
正1Met Office, Exeter EX1 3PB, UK2National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China 相似文献
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The Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) on board Chinese Fengyun-3 (FY-3) satellites provides measurements at 10.65, 18.7, 23.8, 36.5, and 89.0 GHz with both horizontal and vertical polarization channels. Brightness temperature measurements of those channels with their central frequencies higher than 19 GHz from satellite-based microwave imager radiometers had traditionally been used to retrieve cloud liquid water path (LWP) over ocean. The results show that the lowest frequency channels are the most appropriate for retrieving LWP when its values are large. Therefore, a modified LWP retrieval algorithm is developed for retrieving LWP of different magnitudes involving not only the high frequency channels but also the lowest frequency channels of FY-3 MWRI. The theoretical estimates of the LWP retrieval errors are between 0.11 and 0.06 mm for 10.65- and 18.7-GHz channels and between 0.02 and 0.04 mm for 36.5- and 89.0-GHz channels. It is also shown that the brightness temperature observations at 10.65 GHz can be utilized to better retrieve the LWP greater than 3 mm in the eyewall region of Super Typhoon Neoguri (2014). The spiral structure of clouds within and around Typhoon Neoguri can be well captured by combining the LWP retrievals from different frequency channels. 相似文献
15.
The Microwave Radiation Imager(MWRI) on board Chinese Fengyun-3(FY-3) satellites provides measurements at 10.65, 18.7, 23.8, 36.5, and 89.0 GHz with both horizontal and vertical polarization channels. Brightness temperature measurements of those channels with their central frequencies higher than 19 GHz from satellite-based microwave imager radiometers had traditionally been used to retrieve cloud liquid water path(LWP) over ocean. The results show that the lowest frequency channels are the most appropriate for retrieving LWP when its values are large. Therefore, a modified LWP retrieval algorithm is developed for retrieving LWP of different magnitudes involving not only the high frequency channels but also the lowest frequency channels of FY-3 MWRI. The theoretical estimates of the LWP retrieval errors are between 0.11 and 0.06 mm for 10.65-and 18.7-GHz channels and between0.02 and 0.04 mm for 36.5-and 89.0-GHz channels. It is also shown that the brightness temperature observations at10.65 GHz can be utilized to better retrieve the LWP greater than 3 mm in the eyewall region of Super Typhoon Neoguri(2014). The spiral structure of clouds within and around Typhoon Neoguri can be well captured by combining the LWP retrievals from different frequency channels. 相似文献
16.
One-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometers have higher spatial resolution and record measurements at multiple incidence angles. In this paper, we propose a multiple linear regression method to retrieve sea surface wind speed at an incidence angle between 0° ~65°. We assume that a one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer operates at frequencies of 6.9, 10.65, 18.7, 23.8 and 36.5 GHz. Then, the microwave radiative transfer forward model is used to simulate the measured brightness temperatures. The sensitivity of the brightness temperatures at 0°~65° to the sea surface wind speed is calculated. Then, vertical polarization channels(VR), horizontal polarization channels(HR) and all channels(AR) are used to retrieve the sea surface wind speed via a multiple linear regression algorithm at 0° ~65°, and the relationship between the retrieval error and incidence angle is obtained. The results are as follows:(1) The sensitivity of the vertical polarization brightness temperature to the sea surface wind speed is smaller than that of the horizontal polarization.(2) The retrieval error increases with Gaussian noise. The retrieval error of VR first increases and then decreases with increasing incidence angle, the retrieval error of HR gradually decreases with increasing incidence angle, and the retrieval error of AR first decreases and then increases with increasing incidence angle.(3) The retrieval error of AR is the lowest and it is necessary to retrieve the sea surface wind speed at a larger incidence angle for AR. 相似文献
17.
微波湿度计装载在2008年5月27日发射升空的我国新一代极轨气象卫星风云三号A星上,完成全天候大气湿度信息的被动微波遥感探测。主探测通道中心频点位于183.31 GHz,设置有3个双边带探测通道。为保证风云三号微波湿度计在轨定量应用,研制过程中完成了地面真空试验。该文对风云三号A星微波湿度计正样产品真空试验数据进行了定量分析,数据分析结果表明:风云三号A星微波湿度计正样产品主探测频点183.31 GHz附近的3个探测通道等效噪声温差小于等于0.91 K;定标准确度优于1.05 K;真空试验过程中微波湿度计辐射定标结果稳定。风云三号A星微波湿度计发射前辐射定标特性分析结果,为仪器在轨定量应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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为改善风云三号 (FY-3) 微波成像仪10.6 GHz通道空间分辨率,提出利用超分辨率图像重建算法进行图像重建。分析并指出FY-3微波成像仪10.6 GHz通道具有过采样特征,具备重建得到高于瞬时视场图像的潜力;基于超分辨率图像重建理论,根据FY-3气象卫星轨道、姿态,微波成像仪性能参数以及工作模式等物理约束,建立微波成像仪的超分辨率成像模型,并推导计算出超分辨率成像模型参数;采用POCS算法重建得到10.6 GHz通道的超分辨率图像,采用目视比较分析、图像统计分析对重建图像进行质量评价:重建图像像元平均梯度提高26.5%,功率谱分量和提高5.7%,重建图像具有更高的空间分辨率;台风亮温分析应用显示了从重建图像可发现更微小的景物细节目标。采用超分辨率图像重建算法对FY-3微波成像仪10.6 GHz通道进行重建处理,结果有效且正确,可为数据用户提供更多可用的遥感数据,对微波遥感数据应用具有提升作用。 相似文献