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1.
石炭系火山岩的低渗透气藏具有的埋藏深、成因复杂、类型多、分布广、三孔隙度曲线响应特征不明显等特点,并且主要的四种火山岩气藏：玄武岩、安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩的密度和纵波时差测井值差别较大,因此使基于三孔隙度测井资料的一系列识别气层的有效方法在该盆地石炭系火山岩气层的识别中无明显效果.数据挖掘技术从数据的角度出发,在进一步丰富岩心、测井和试油资料的前提下,利用数据挖掘技术中的聚类分析和关联分析获取核心参数和数据之间的内在联系,用决策树提取预测火山岩气层的模型.该方法充分利用已有的数据资料,用数学分析方法遍历寻找对识别火山岩气层有用的信息,而不仅仅依靠三孔隙度和电阻率曲线,并且消除了岩性的影响,因此获得了较高的识别率. 相似文献
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数据挖掘是从大量的、不完全的、有噪声的、模糊的数据中提取隐含的、但又是潜在有用的信息和知识的过程,由于数据挖掘具有出色的非线性建模能力和自组织学习能力,因此可以在复杂储层的测井解释中发挥作用。本文用数据挖掘方法识别复杂储层的岩性。将岩性识别作为一种分类任务建立数据挖掘流程,包括特征提取、特征选择和建立模型等步骤。本文用独立成分分析法从测井曲线中提取信息;然后使用分支定界算法寻找最佳的特征子集,并消除冗余信息;最后采用C5.0决策树算法建立分类模型的测井曲线。模型和实际测井数据吻合较好,表明在复杂油藏的研究中数据挖掘方法是有效的。 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2020,(2)
位于巴西深J油田的盐下碳酸盐岩岩性及孔隙结构的识别对于区域储层的分布规律十分重要,但由于海外资料的获取量有限,如何最大限度地利用已有资料进行精准有效的岩性识别成为难题.本文在已有的各项地质信息资料的基础上,先利用成像测井资料提取出储层内主要岩性典型的结构标准图版,然后探索各类岩性在常规测井曲线上的响应规律,并提取出识别岩性的敏感参数,建立起常规测井参数的交会图法识别规律.确认其应用在全井段识别中取得效果后,进一步利用数据挖掘软件中的决策树技术,组合成交会图-决策树模型法.将此模型应用于实际井资料的处理,利用薄片资料和成像图像进行验证,得到了更高的岩性识别符合率,证实了模型在仅有常规测井资料中的适用性. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2017,(4)
渤海海域中生界火山岩广泛分布、岩石类型复杂多样,同时研究区缺少成像、元素等特殊测井资料,岩性识别存在困难.以研究区钻井取心、壁心以及薄片鉴定为基础,探索了基于常规测井资料的火山岩岩性识别方法,并开展了组合应用.结果表明曲线特征法以定性描述为主,受人为因素影响较大;交会图利用较少曲线,难以充分利用曲线信息,识别精度相对较低;决策树法与Bayes判别法综合多条曲线信息进行识别,判别精度较高,但决策树法对单条曲线细微变化响应敏感,岩性识别稳定性较差,而Bayes法综合利用多条曲线识别,判别精度较高的同时具有较强的稳定性.实际应用中通过决策树法与Bayes判别法的组合应用,同时利用曲线形态以及交会图判别结果进行约束,岩性识别精度得到了较大提升. 相似文献
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苏里格致密砂岩气藏具有非均质性强、低阻气层和高低阻水层并存、微观孔隙结构复杂、有效砂体连通性差的特点,因此低渗透致密气藏的渗流机理与常规高渗气藏明显不同.再加上生产中压裂措施对地层的影响,给致密砂岩储层的压裂产能预测带来了一系列挑战.本文首先利用高分辨率阵列感应测井(HDIL)的探测优势,求取能描述复杂侵入剖面的电阻率曲线总差异参数.然后利用灰色关联分析法对影响苏里格致密砂岩储层产能的影响因素根据关联度排序,优选出关联度最大的主要影响因素,进而建立GA-Elman神经网络产能预测模型对压裂产能进行预测.另外,对于多层合试层段进行KHK产能劈分,实现苏里格致密砂岩储层逐点产能预测分析,提高了致密砂岩气藏产能预测的精度. 相似文献
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针对储层流体性质判别这一问题,从测井响应的物理意义出发,认为测井信号的总能量是由地层微观信息与宏观信息的能量共同构成,地层孔隙中所含流体的性质是微观信息,应与测井曲线的微小抖动相对应,即测井信号高频部分.由此,分别采用小波多分辨分析及小波包分析两种处理方式,选取db5小波基函数对深感应电阻率曲线进行不同频带和时段内的分解,提取不同尺度下油层、水层及干层段电阻率曲线高频部分能量,进而利用能量谱峰分析法划分流体类型.对比两种处理方式,小波包分析效果更佳,得到的能量谱主峰位置是区别不同流体类型的主要标志,该方法在电性差别不明显的低阻储层流体性质识别中也具有良好应用效果. 相似文献
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非均质储层的孔隙结构与物性、渗流、电性等特征密切相关,是影响储层品质及流体性质的重要因素.利用常规测井曲线实现全井段孔隙结构定量评价对于储层非均质性评价具有重要意义.首先根据岩心压汞资料对孔隙结构进行分类,依据分形理论求取不同测井曲线的分形维数,通过对比选取反应孔隙大小的孔隙度测井曲线盒维数和反应孔隙连通程度的电阻率曲线R/S维数来对孔隙结构进行分类评价,绘制孔隙度曲线加权盒维数和电阻率曲线加权R/S维数交会图,确定每类孔隙结构分类标准,最后利用分形维数范围对全井段孔隙结构进行分类.研究表明,不同测井曲线反应的岩石物理信息不同,其分形维不一定相同.地层非均质性越强,不同测量原理的曲线计算的分形维差别越大;通过提取反应不同测井曲线变化复杂程度的维度信息,建立交会图识别孔隙结构类型,充分考虑了孔隙大小和连通程度,避免了单一分形维无法完全反映曲线的变化程度,避开了流体等信息对测井曲线的影响,提取的参数仅反应岩石非均质性强度,有利于解决油气勘探中非均质性地层孔隙结构精细定量评价问题. 相似文献
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The determination of the coefficient of viscosity of eruptive products gives useful elements to the knowledge of possible variations of composition and physical conditions of the magmas. 相似文献
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Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica - 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The magnetic evolution of the active region of the Sun at the level of the photosphere has been studied. Magnetic synoptic maps of the 2007 Kitt Peak Observatory were... 相似文献
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V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
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Ivanka Jakubcová Věra Marvanová Miloš Pick Antonín Novotný Reviewer Z. Šimon 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1982,26(2):193-196
Summary The results of two different methods of the determination of the non-linearity of the gravimeter scale are compared; the economy is discussed as well. 相似文献
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Atmospheric temperature and humidity fields as well as information on other meteorological parameters are nowadays retrieved from radiance measurements recorded by operational meteorological satellites. Up to now, the inversion procedures used only take into account crude information on the topography of the Earth’s surface. However, the applied radiative transfer codes have to consider the Earth’s surface as the lower boundary of the atmospheric model and, therefore, need a more precise mean elevation and a classification of the roughness of the Earth’s surface. The influence of the topography of the Earth surface on retrieved temperature profiles is studied by using a physico-statistical inversion method. An objective analysis is made of the more precise mean elevation and derivation of roughness parameters using a new high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) with a resolution of 500 m×500 m. By means of a geomorphological process and a newly developed topography rejection test, areas with a high surface roughness are localized and singled out. The influence of topography on the retrieved temperature profiles is illustrated by case studies. Changes are found predominantly in areas with a high variation of topography. Using the new high-resolution DEM and the topography rejection test, the geographical position of the calculated temperature profiles tends to be shifted towards areas with a small vertical variation of topography. The mean elevation determined by the new elevation model better characterizes the area observed. Hence, the temperature profiles can be calculated down to lower atmospheric levels. Furthermore, a guess profile better describing the atmospheric situation is selected by the more precise elevation. In addition, the temperature profiles obtained near the coast are improved considerably by the more precise determination of the surface property ‘sea’ and ‘land,’ respectively. Integration of an independent physical information such as topography leads, on average, to a slight improvement of the results of the physico-statistical inversion procedure. In some cases, however, significant improvements have been achieved regarding the desired accuracy of temperature profiles of the order of 1 K. In future, the spatial resolution of new high-resolution sounding instrumentation on the next generation of operational meteorological satellites will be increased. To exploit the resolving power of this new instrumentation, the different variation of the topography of the Earth surface, especially in regions with a high variation of topography, can be taken into account more precisely by using a high-resolution DEM. 相似文献
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Summary A simple model is proposed suitable for studying the effect of the ground layer of the atmosphere, polluted by aerosol, on the albedo. This model is founded on solving the equation of transfer of radiative energy. The numerical results are discussed, particular attention being paid to the analysis of errors due to neglecting the multiple reflection of solar radiation on the aerosol particles. A method which would also include the multiple reflection is proposed, and the conditions under which the presence of the aerosol is responsible for an increase or decrease of the solar radiation balance on the Earth's surface, are analysed. 相似文献
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Josef Vykutil 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1968,12(2):217-220
Резюме Дается вывод формул для вычислений длины хорды, длины и азимутов нормаляных сечений и длины геодезической линии эллипсоида.
Применяются тригонометрические функции данных величин и постоянные принятого ргфгргнц-эллипсоида, что является целесообразным
при использовании вычислителQjных машин, особенно автоматов. Рабочие формулы рекомендуются в форме (8–11).
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
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Summary The maintenance of the axisymmetric component of the flow in the atmosphere is investigated by means of a steady-state, quasi-geostrophic formulation of the meteorological equations. It is shown that the meridional variations in the time-averaged axisymmetric variables can be expressed as the sum of three contributions, one being due to the eddy heat transport, another to the eddy momentum transport, and a third to the convective-radiative equilibrium temperature which enters the problem through the specification of a Newtonian form of diabatic heating. The contributions by the large scale eddies are evaluated through the use of observed values for the eddy heat and momentum transports.The contributions from each of the three forcing mechanisms to the temperature and zonal wind fields are invstigated individually and found to be of about equal importance. The sum of the three contributions are also presented for the temperature, the zonal wind, the stream function associated with the mean meridional circulation and the corresponding vertical motion. Although the results fail to reproduce the main observed features of the lower stratosphere, they are found to be in good agreement with observations in the middle latitude troposphere. At any pressure level, for example, the computed mean zonal wind has a jet-like profile and the axis of the jet is found to slope to the south with height, as observed in the atmosphere.Based in part on a thesis submitted by the first author as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree at the University of Michigan. — Publication No. 194 from the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, The University of Michigan. 相似文献