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1.
地下水中有机氯农药的半透膜采样方法野外实验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用含有甘油三油酸酯的半透膜装置进行室内模拟实验和野外验证实验，旨在开发一种可以模拟生物过程的监测地下水的方法。得出了有机氯农药在水相和半透膜之间分配的平衡时间和富集系数，平衡时间除δ-BHC为234h和p，p’-DDE、o，p-DDT为70h外，其余组分均为594h；α—BHC、六氯苯、β—BHC、γ—BHC、δ-BHC、七氯、艾氏剂、七氯环氧、p，p’-DDE、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、p，p’-DDD、o，p’-DDT,p，p，-DDT富集系数分别为：0．061、0．071、0．098、0．066、0．033、0．014、0．007、0．062、0．108、0．052、0．029、0．032、0．061 mL／h。七氯、艾氏剂、o，p—DDT、p，p’-DDE以及p，p’-DDT组分在膜中的平衡浓度远小于它们在水中浓度，不适于用此种半透膜取样器进行富集；在凉水河岸边的野外实验结果也验证了半透膜装置监测地下水有机氯农药的可行性，但其个别组分的结果出现异常，需要在该地区进一步开展工作进行研究。 相似文献
2.
微波萃取-气相色谱/气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中18种有机氯农药 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
采用微波萃取-Florisil固相萃取柱净化分离、气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱相结合的方法测定土壤中的痕量半挥发性有机氯农药。优化了微波萃取和固相萃取柱净化条件,在最优条件下18种有机氯农药(α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH、七氯、艾氏剂、环氧七氯、硫丹Ⅰ、p,p′-DDE、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、硫丹Ⅱ、p,p′-DDD、o,p′-DDT、异狄氏剂醛、硫丹硫酸酯、p,p′-DDT、甲氧滴滴涕)的回收率在89.56%~114.22%。对气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱法的仪器检出限、回收率、精密度和方法检出限进行对比,确定了采用气相色谱-质谱定性和气相色谱定量相结合的方法,测定实际土壤样品中的有机氯农药,使得定性和定量的准确度都得到提高。 相似文献
3.
吉林省中部土壤有机氯农药的含量及组成 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
用气相色谱法对吉林省中部土壤样品中有机氯农药的分析结果表明,吉林省中部土壤中有机氯农药以六六六(HCH)和滴滴涕(DDT)为主,艾氏剂、氯丹、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂和七氯等也有不同程度的检出。总DDT含量为0.02～69.35μg/kg,平均含量为3.01μg/kg;总HCH含量为0.47～13.47μg/kg,平均含量为2.00μg/kg。p,p′-DDE和p,p′-DDD为DDT的主要存在形式,主要为过去输入的DDT的降解产物,但近期仍有少量DDT的输入;HCH的4种异构体中以β-HCH为主,α-HCH与γ-HCH的比值较低,表明HCH在土壤中残留的时间很长。 相似文献
4.
采用5个浓度水平样品通过7家实验室进行协同评定试验,验证了地下水中六氯苯、α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH、p,p’-DDE、p,p’-DDD、o,p’-DDT、p,p’-DDT有机氯农药分析方法的稳定性与准确性。测量结果经一致性和离群值检验表明,地下水中9种有机氯农药组分在3.00～56.5 ng/L浓度水平范围内,重复性标准差为0.50～0.77 ng/L,再现性标准差为1.92～3.03 ng/L,单个样品中的2,4,5,6-四氯间二甲苯和二丁基氯菌酸酯替代物质量监控指标回收率分别为58.8%～99.5%和79.2%～117%。检测方法准确、可靠。 相似文献
5.
进样溶剂极性对地下水中有机氯农药色谱行为的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
地下水中有机氯农药分析时采用正己烷为进样溶剂,而考核样品的溶剂通常为甲醇。正己烷和甲醇分别是典型的非极性溶剂和极性溶剂。文章研究了正己烷和甲醇两种溶剂对地下水中9种必测有机氯农药(六氯苯、α-六六六、β-六六六、γ-六六六、δ-六六六、p,p′-DDE、p,p′-DDD、o,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDT)色谱行为的影响。结果表明,溶剂的极性对有机氯农药的响应值有显著的影响:甲醇为进样溶剂时,由于极性强,造成汽化室内活性位点的暴露,导致某些待测组分被活性位点吸附,甲醇相的待测物响应值明显低于正己烷相待测物响应值。 相似文献
6.
地质调查样品中有机氯农药分析存在的困难和解决方法 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
9种有机氯农药(六氯苯、α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH、p,p′-DDE、p,p′-DDD、o,p′-DDT和p,p′-DDT)是国土资源地质大调查项目中水和土壤样品必测的有机污染物。有机氯农药自身结构和性质的特殊性以及地质调查样品的差异性,在采用气相色谱电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)分析有机氯农药过程中仍然存在许多困难。文章结合大量地质调查样品中有机氯农药分析的实践经验,从溶剂与待测物响应值的关系、基质效应的表现、样品前处理以及仪器日常维护四个方面,介绍了针对不同样品和分析要求正确选择进样溶剂、判断和解决基质效应,并通过良好的仪器日常维护习惯确保地质调查样品中有机氯农药检测灵敏度达到要求。 相似文献
7.
柳州岩溶地下河水体有机氯农药分布特征 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
采用气相色谱(配ECD检测器)对柳州鸡喇和龙寨两条岩溶地下河不同位置水体中18种有机氯农药(OCPs)组分进行分析。结果表明,除异狄氏剂醛外,其余17种OCPs均有不同程度检出,OCPs浓度变化范围为107.68～1101.55ng/L,均值为532.515ng/L。OCPs主要组分为:α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH、p,p'-DDE、o,p'-DDT、p,p'-DDD、p,p'-DDT、六氯苯、七氯、艾氏剂。其中DDTs和HCHs含量最高,二者之和占到总OCPs的75.8%～96%。对其污染源进行分析,发现地下河水体中DDTs主要源自土壤。HCHs来源相对复杂,可能源于工业品或者长距离大气运输,也可能是近期有林丹的输入使其浓度增高。与国内外各水体相比,本次研究的两条岩溶地下河有机氯农药含量相对较高。 相似文献
8.
北京郊区土壤中DDT（滴滴涕）残留调查及评价 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
北京郊区农田表层土壤中DDT（滴滴涕）有不同程度的检出,∑DDTs含量介于2．7008～292．4021μg／kg之间,平均值为41．6227μg／kg。总体而言,DDT及其代谢物的残留量处于较低水平。样品中p,p′DDE和p,p′-DDT是DDT的主要残留物,p,p′-DDD／p,p′-DDE质量比为0-1．2730,大部分小于1,说明DDT主要降解为DDE类化合物,由此推断北京郊区的土地利用较多处于好氧环境中。（DDE＋DDD）／DDT的比值在0．1044～1．4688之间,均值之比为0．3557,母体DDT含量占优势,DDT农药施用时间很短。经初步分析,北京郊区土壤中DDT的风险较低,但从食物链角度的风险评价结果来看,土壤中的DDT仍有一定的风险。 相似文献
9.
气相色谱-质谱在地下水检测过程中的重要性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱法对地下水样品中α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH、p,p’-DDE、p,p’-DDD、o,p’-DDT、p,p’-DDT、六氯苯、苯并(a)芘等组分进行测定时,通过气相色谱-质谱在测量复杂基体待测样品组分中的识别作用、在高浓度待测样品组分检测中的确认作用以及对样品检测结果假阳性现象的判断作用等内容,论证了气相色谱-质谱技术在测定复杂基体或高浓度地下水样品过程中的重要性,确保了地下水调查项目测量数据准确可靠。 相似文献
10.
2005年4月至2006年3月,利用大流量采样器采集青岛大气中气相和颗粒相样品,并分析气相和颗粒相中的有机氯农药(OCPs).结果表明,青岛大气中α-HCH、y-HCH、HCB、o,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDT和p,p ′-DDE的浓度平均值分别为(78±41) pg/m3、(289±236) pg/m3、(221±186) pg/m3、(81±62) pg/m3、(54±49) pg/m3和(60±44)pg/m3,远低于广州、天津等城市.大气中的有机氯农药浓度在一定程度上受温度影响,但相关系数并不高(R2＜0.4),斜率较缓,表明大气的长距离迁移对其浓度也有一定的影响.用后向气流轨迹法对气团来源追踪,发现当青岛受到东亚沙尘暴的影响时,有机氯农药的浓度升高,而当有来自黄海较干净的气团到达青岛时,大气中有机氯农药的浓度明显偏低. 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献