共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
华北古大陆南缘构造格架与成矿 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
东秦岭地区在前海西期表现为大陆边缘的构造活动,到海西期后特别是燕山期已属于陆内造山作用,因此称之为古大陆边缘。在对前海西期构造格架重塑的基础上,以不同建造、岩浆活动和分隔构造单元断裂资料分析为依据,以控制不同构造单元的断裂为界,自北而南将构造单元划分为：华山-熊耳山陆缘带、宽坪陆缘增生带、二郎坪弧后断陷带、秦岭古岛弧带和南秦岭泥盆纪断陷海盆。据陆缘构造发展阶段的沉积建造和岩石组合特点分为：华北陆块南缘太古宙古陆核边缘活动性沉积、早元古代华北陆块南缘古陆核边缘活动性缓慢沉积、中-新元古代华北陆块南缘拉张构造体制下的被动陆缘、加里东早期华北古陆南缘活动陆缘、早古生代华北陆块南缘太平洋型活动大陆边缘;中生代扬子与华北板块已经拼接,进一步发生陆内A型俯冲,构造型式为近南北向的深部构造作用。根据区域成矿的物质组成以及空间和时间上的分布特点,划分为5个成矿系统：前长城纪陆核活动性边缘沉积成矿系统、中-新元古代被动大陆边缘成矿系统、早加里东期构造体制转换期成矿系统、古生代活动大陆边缘成矿系统和中生代陆内碰撞造山成矿系统。 相似文献
2.
《地学前缘》2016,(6):107-119
应用近期在琼南、广东、湘南和越南芽庄、大叻等地的研究成果,综合区域地质资料,从岩浆岩性质、组合与地化特征、沉积序列特征和碎屑岩组分、年代学和地层学等方面进行分析,构建起以海南岛中南部的岩浆-沉积组合为典型标志、以东西向延伸为基本特征、演化过程与浙闽活动陆缘带明显有别的海南陆缘弧体系。该陆缘弧晚中生代处于华南大陆的南端,在构造地理格局上从属于特提斯域。笔者主张向北俯冲于海南陆缘弧下的"古南海"应正名为"特提斯南海",它是特提斯多岛洋北部的边缘海,西段可能与缅、马等地的海域沟通,东段则与太平洋域相接。海南陆缘弧具有广阔的弧后区,各弧后盆地的演化进程可以对比。该弧最初似发育于晚侏罗世,早白垩世晚期和晚白垩世初期岩浆弧与俯冲造山活动达到高峰,晚白垩世发生弧后拉张,但近弧地带挤压条件下的岩浆-沉积作用一直延续至晚白垩世后期(约70 Ma)。海南陆缘弧的活动时间表实际上是特提斯南海消减过程的真实反映。由于消减过程及随后发生的中南半岛在早新生代的挤出逃逸运动和现代南海的扩张作用,特提斯南海的地质记录受到极其严重的破坏,恢复特提斯南海的原貌仍是一项有待开展的艰巨工作。 相似文献
3.
台湾造山带是中新世晚期以来相邻菲律宾海板块往北西方向移动,导致北吕宋岛弧系统及弧前增生楔与欧亚大陆边缘斜碰撞形成的。目前该造山带仍在活动,虽然规模很小,但形成了多数大型碰撞造山带中的所有构造单元,是研究年轻造山系统的理想野外实验室,为理解西太平洋弧-陆碰撞过程和边缘海演化提供了一个独特的窗口。本文总结了二十一世纪以来对台湾造山带的诸多研究进展,讨论了其构造单元划分及演化过程。我们将台湾造山带重新划分为6个构造单元,由西至东分依次为:(1)西部前陆盆地;(2)中央山脉褶皱逆冲带;(3)太鲁阁带;(4)玉里-利吉蛇绿混杂岩带;(5)纵谷磨拉石盆地;(6)海岸山脉岛弧系统。其中,西部前陆盆地为6.5Ma以来伴随台湾造山带的隆升剥蚀形成沉积盆地。中央山脉褶皱逆冲带为新生代(57~5.3Ma)欧亚大陆东缘伸展盆地沉积物由于弧-陆碰撞受褶皱、逆冲及变质作用改造形成的。太鲁阁带是造山带中的古老陆块,主要记录中生代古太平洋俯冲在欧亚大陆活动边缘形成的岩浆、沉积和变质岩作用。玉里-利吉蛇绿混杂岩带和海岸山脉岛弧系统分别为中新世中期(~18Ma)以来南中国海板块向菲律宾海板块之下俯冲形成的岛弧和弧前增生楔,其中玉里混杂岩中有典型低温高压变质作用记录,变质年龄为11~9Ma;岛弧火山作用的主要时限为9.2~4.2Ma。纵谷磨拉石盆地记录1.1Ma以来的山间盆地沉积。台湾造山带的构造演化可划分为4个阶段:(a)古太平洋板块俯冲与欧亚大陆边缘增生阶段(200~60Ma);(b)欧亚大陆东缘伸展和南中国海扩张阶段(60~18Ma);(c)南中国海俯冲阶段(18~4Ma);(d)弧-陆碰撞阶段(<6Ma)。台湾弧-陆碰撞造山带是一个特殊案例,其弧-陆碰撞并不伴随着弧-陆之间的洋盆消亡,而是由于北吕宋岛弧及弧前增生楔伴随菲律宾海板块运动向西北方走滑,仰冲到欧亚大陆边缘,形成现今的台湾造山带。 相似文献
4.
义敦岛弧是喜马拉雅巨型造山带中的一个复合造山带,它经历了印支期洋壳俯冲造山、燕山湖弧-陆碰撞和喜马拉雅期陆内走滑作用诸演化历史。可能由于洋壳板片俯冲角度不同,义敦晚三叠世古岛弧带(206～237 Ma)南北两段具有不同的发育历史,北段昌台弧以发育孤间裂谷为特色,具张性弧特征,发育扩张环境流体聚敛成矿系统,形成VMS型Zn-Pb-Cu矿床和浅成低温热液型Ag-Au-Hg矿床;南段中甸弧不发育弧后盆地,但广泛发育钙碱性弧火山岩-玢岩-斑岩杂岩系和挤压环境岩浆-流体成矿系统,形成斑岩型-夕卡岩型铜多金属矿床。在三叠纪-侏罗纪之交的弧-陆碰撞作用中,早期大陆板片俯冲形成同碰撞花岗岩带(约200 Ma),晚期造山后伸展作用,形成A型花岗岩带(75～138 Ma),伴随扬子大陆板片俯冲而发生的强烈剪切和推覆,在甘孜-理塘蛇绿混杂带发育挤压剪切环境流体聚敛成矿系统,形成剪切带型金矿。伴随造山后伸展和A型花岗岩侵位,发育伸张环境岩浆-流体聚敛成矿系统,主要形成夕卡岩型锡矿和构造破碎带热浪脉型银多金属矿床。印度-亚洲大陆碰撞在义敦造山带主要表现为陆内走滑作用,并控制碱性花岗岩和花岗斑岩的发育(50～30 Ma),伴随斑岩型金矿的形成。 相似文献
5.
杨宗让 《沉积与特提斯地质》2002,22(3):53-59
地处柴南缘昆中蛇绿杂岩带与羌塘地块北缘可可西里—金沙江古缝合线之间的松潘—甘孜褶皱带(包括东昆仑构造带)，其主体应属古特提斯洋晚石炭世一晚三叠世时期向其北侧的柴达木古陆南缘俯冲过程中在活动陆缘弧—沟间隙之间增生形成的一个大型弧前构造带。具有由弧前盆地沉积楔和基底增生杂岩构成的双重结构特点，其形成与冈瓦纳大陆北缘若尔盖“三角”地块的楔入及俯冲带向南迁移有关。大致经历了晚石炭世一早三叠世狭窄弧前盆地和中晚三叠世宽阔弧前盆地两个主要演化阶段。 相似文献
6.
新疆晚古生代大陆边缘成矿系统与成矿区带初步探讨 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：15
新疆地处中亚成矿域的中段，古生代大陆边缘增生明显、构造和岩浆活动强烈、矿产资源丰富。古生代大陆边缘成矿作用主要集中在两个时期，即以阿尔泰南缘为主的早中泥盆世和以天山为主的早石炭世。本文在综合研究及与境外对比的基础上，按照北疆地区晚古生代大陆边缘的构造动力学和成矿特征，将研究区大陆边缘成矿系统划分为：活动大陆边缘海相火山岩-盆地流体成矿系统，活动大陆边缘火山岛弧-岩浆活动成矿系统和被动大陆边缘沉积盆地-热水活动成矿系统三类。同时对形成于大陆边缘的成矿区带进行划分，主要包括：阿勒泰南缘晚古生代活动大陆边缘块状硫化物成矿带；阿尔泰南缘-东准噶尔活动大陆边缘卡拉先格尔岛弧斑岩铜金成矿带；东天山晚古生代活动大陆边缘铜钼锌成矿区带；西准噶尔洋内弧斑岩-浅成低温热液铜金成矿区带；西天山（伊犁地块）活动大陆边缘金铜成矿区带；塔里木板块被动大陆边缘沉积型铅锌成矿带。本文认为大陆增生与成矿作用的关系是矿床学和成矿系统研究的重要内容，成矿区带是成矿系统发生成矿作用的响应，而成矿系统是成矿区带形成的本质。 相似文献
7.
东天山古弧盆体系成矿规律与成矿模式 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
东天山是中亚增生型造山带的重要组成部分,随古亚洲洋的形成、演化和消亡,发育了东天山古生代弧盆体系。基于前人对东天山古生代构造演化与成矿规律的大量研究,针对以往研究相对薄弱的早古生代构造演化与成矿,本文重点论述了以卡拉塔格矿集区为代表的早古生代构造-岩浆-成矿研究新进展,从而进一步探讨了东天山古弧盆体系古生代构造演化与成矿规律。本文将东天山古弧盆体系划分为大南湖-头苏泉成矿带和阿奇山-雅满苏成矿带,又将前者划分为卡拉塔格成矿亚带和小热泉子-土屋成矿亚带;总结出其成矿具有VMS成矿系统与斑岩成矿系统共存、多种矿化类型叠加的特征;区域共发育两次大规模成矿事件,且均与大规模火山-侵入岩浆活动有关,进而构建了东天山古弧盆体系区域成矿模式;并指出东天山古生代弧-盆多方向、多期次的转换是导致该体系内VMS-斑岩型矿床共存、叠加成矿发育的主因。 相似文献
8.
《地学前缘》2017,(4):284-293
依据现有的地震、钻井和野外地质资料,综合前人关于台湾地区板块相互作用、区域大地构造、岩浆活动、弧-陆碰撞过程、沉积盆地、层序地层等方面的研究成果,本文比较系统地论述了台湾地区弧-陆碰撞过程中的盆地特征及演化规律,认为约15 Ma以吕宋岛弧带为主的弧-陆碰撞对盆地样式和盆地演化产生了重大影响,自东向西,分别形成海沟、沟-坡盆地、弧前盆地、弧内盆地和弧后海相前陆盆地。弧后海相前陆盆地为台湾碰撞带最大的沉积体系,是前陆盆地发育的早期阶段,之前还经历了陆缘断陷盆地阶段和被动大陆边缘盆地阶段。研究区沉积物从源到汇的搬运过程中,盆地的沉积与构造之间的时间存在明显滞后。9~6 Ma期间,吕宋岛弧形成;晚上新世(3 Ma),台湾海相前陆盆地的沉积环境、沉积相、物源等才发生显著变化,沉积物源方向由被动大陆边缘盆地期的向SE倒转为向SW,盆地沉积与构造运动之间滞后时间长达3~6 Ma,远大于一般认为的0.1~1 Ma。沉积物沿年轻造山带走向搬运、基底沉降导致近物源区粗碎屑物质的沉积、整个搬运体系中沉积物的局部保存与释放等因素可能是导致时间滞后的主要原因。 相似文献
9.
10.
华北陆块北缘区域矿床成矿谱系探讨 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
区域矿床成矿谱系是区域成矿规律研究的重要内容，指一个区域内地质构造环境演化过程中成矿作用的演化及时空结构。在华北陆块北缘划分出18个矿床成矿系列，讨论了它们的分布特点。华北陆块北缘区域矿床成矿谱系证实该区域经历四个主要的地壳演化及成矿时期，依次出现太古宙克拉通矿床、元古宙陆内-陆缘裂陷带矿床、古生代陆间增生褶皱系和陆内盖层矿床、中生代构造-岩浆活动带矿床，存在三个(3000～2500Ma，1900～1400Ma和180～140Ma)成矿作用高峰。成矿谱系指示了从太古宙进入元古宙时，海水和大气的氧化还原电位明显升高的过程。成矿谱系研究意义重大。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
13.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
14.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
15.
Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
16.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
20.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献