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1.
基于RDA与GAMs模型的东海近岸海域浮游动物与温盐关系 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为进一步探讨东海近岸海域浮游动物季节演替与温盐的变化关系,根据2013年5月(春季)、8月(夏季)和12月(冬季)东海近岸海域3个航次的浮游动物调查资料,利用冗余分析模型分析了优势种与温盐的变化关系,广义加性模型分析了生物多样性参数与温盐之间的关系。结果表明:(1)优势种季节演替较为明显,由春季2种演替成夏季10种,再更替为冬季5种,春季和冬季优势种的种类和生态类群相对单一,夏季较为丰富。(2)优势种时空分布是综合多层环境因子的结果,如春季中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)与表层盐度和底层盐度正相关,夏季与表层温度和底层温度负相关,冬季与表层盐度正相关;春季五角水母(Muggiaea atlantica)与底层温度、底层盐度呈现较好的正相关;夏季盐度是决定暖水性和高温高盐性优势种分布的关键因子,且呈现较强的正相关;冬季真刺唇角水蚤(Labidocera euchaeta)、强壮滨箭虫(Aidanosagitta crassa)与表层温度关系密切,并呈现较强的负相关。(3)春季和冬季香农–威纳指数多样性指数与纬度呈负相关。(4)温度和盐度对生物多样性参数影响显著,但季节上又呈现出差异。 相似文献
2.
Zooplankton surveys were carried out on November 2-3 and December 8-10, 2001 at 12 stations in the Nan Wan Bay of Taiwan, China. Altogether 92 quantitative zooplankton samples were collected from subsurface water and bottom water layers with two conical plankton nets （180 cm in length, 45 cm in opening diameter, 333μm and 200 larn in mesh size）. A total of 31 species of Siphonophores were identified, among them 7 species are new records in the waters around Taiwan Island, of which Rocacea cymbiformis is a new record in China. Dominated by Chelophyes appendiculata, Bassia bassensis, Diphyes bojani, Diphyes dispar, Abylopsis eschscholtzi and Chelophyes contorta, these species accounted for over 76 % and 63 % of the total abundance in November and December. The species number and Siphonophores abundance in December （25 species, 1.99 inds/m3） were more than those in November （19 species, 0.438 inds/m3）, and they were more in the surface water layer than in the bottom layer at most sampling stations. In early winter, the offshore high salinity water mass was a main factor influencing the distribution. The sampling efficiency for two plankton nets is discussed and the seasonal variation of species number and abundance in the Nan Wan Bay is compared with that in the neighboring waters. 相似文献
3.
于2019年12月使用4种不同型号网具采集了珠江口浮游动物, 进行形态学鉴定和DNA分子鉴定, 分析珠江口浮游动物的群落结构特征, 并比较不同调查方法对浮游动物丰度和生物量结果的影响。形态学镜检鉴定浮游动物36种(类), 其中浮游幼虫6类。浅水I型浮游生物网采集的浮游动物平均丰度为115±96ind.·m-3, 平均生物量为0.21±0.14g·m-3; 浅水Ⅱ型浮游生物网采集的浮游动物平均丰度为3536±2444ind.·m-3, 平均生物量为0.56±0.33g·m-3; 浅水Ⅲ型浮游生物网采集的浮游动物平均丰度为4314±4172ind.·m-3, 平均生物量为0.50±0.25g·m-3; 25#浮游生物网采集的浮游动物平均丰度为6741±3826ind.·m-3, 平均生物量为4.33±3.42g·m-3。研究结果表明网具孔径大小对浮游动物研究结果具有重要影响, 三个站点水体DNA样品注释出15种浮游动物; 使用浅水Ⅱ型网采集的DNA样品注释出19种浮游动物; 镜检样品鉴定浮游动物17种。水体DNA样品能检测出更多的微型浮游动物如原生动物等; 网采样品能过滤更多的水样, 有利于采集更多的大中型浮游动物, 更能充分反映优势类群如桡足类的种类和数量。研究结果表明, 水体DNA可检出浮游幼虫和原生动物等较难镜检鉴别的种类, 采用不同型号网具采集浮游动物可以更全面地反映研究海域浮游动物的群落结构特征。多种调查方法的结合有助于全面了解研究海域的生态环境状况。 相似文献
4.
All available hydrographic data are used to compute average temperature-salinity, salinity-depth and temperature-depth curves for 5° squares in the North Atlantic and North Pacific (10°S to 60°N). Both objective and subjective methods are used to filter out obviously erroneous data. Summary maps of all 5° square mean curves, and their corresponding standard deviations, are used to select regions of spatial homogeneity over which the curves are averaged. Scatter diagrams of each parameter pair are used to identify 5° squares containing a variety of water masses.The area average curves, and their standard deviations, are presented individually along with tables of the parameter values. These curves, in conjunction with the 5° square summary maps, provide a comprehensive picture of the distributions of these properties in the upper and mid-depth portions of these oceans. This well resolved picture of the water mass structure both confirms and adds new insights into the traditional concepts of these property distributions.The application of the mean temperature-salinity and salinity-depth curves to the inference of salinity from observed temperature profiles, is examined. Shallow (0/500 db) dynamic heights, calculated from observations of temperature and salinity (true dynamic height), are compared with dynamic heights computed from observed temperature profiles and salinities inferred from the mean property curves. Maps of the RMS differences between true and inferred dynamic heights (by 5° square) reveal those areas where salinities, inferred from either temperature-salinity or salinity-depth curves, yield reliable dynamic heights. 相似文献
5.
根据1978—1980年渤海及北黄海70个测站的表、底层温、盐资料,用预先给定控制临界值的聚类方法,在该海域划分出5个水团。分析结果表明。1.渤黄海暧水团在冬季为高盐特征,夏季为中盐性质;其分布范围在冬—春季较小而夏—秋季较大。2.渤海水团为中温中盐性质:其温、盐度变化较小而冬—春季范围较大。3.黄海冷水团是一个高盐水团,它在5个水团中保守性最强,而从5月至8月范围较大。4.渤海沿岸水是一个不稳定的水团,其盐度较低,温度变化较小,春季和秋季范围较大而夏季和冬季较小。5.江河冲淡水是温度变化较大的低盐水,其范围夏季大而冬季小。水团的分布,在地理位置上是从该海区之东向西,一层套一层,而各水团在不同季节有自己的模式。此外,本文还探讨了水团消长变化和渔场的关系。 相似文献
6.
Particulate matter was sampled for hydrocarbon analyses at three anchor stations in Kiel Bight during different seasons (autumn, winter and spring). Additionally, the following parameters were measured: salinity, temperature, nutrients, chlorophyll, dissolved organic carbon and phytoplankton composition. From these concomitant measurements showing normal hydrographic or meteorologic situations, it was concluded that no intrusions of water masses occurred during the sampling periods; all collected material was produced at or near the sampling location under biological conditions which are encountered normally in this region at these times. During every season the concentration of biogenic hydrocarbons exceeded that of the petrogenic ones. Among the biogenic hydrocarbons the concentration of heneicosahexaene (HEH) was predominant, but in highly variable concentrations, depending on phytoplankton activity. No direct correlation between individual hydrocarbons and plankton species could be established, but a quantitative relationship between the biogenic hydrocarbons and the biological summation parameter was obvious. 相似文献
7.
初春南黄海水文特征及环流状况的分析 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6
根据1996年初春中韩黄海水循环动力学合作调查所获资料,分析了南黄海水文特征及其环流状况,并获得了以下几点主要认识:(1)初春南黄海的温、盐分布特征及环流基本形态,与以往所揭示的冬季状况基本相似.然而,本次调查发现,在30m以浅,黄海中部暖水舌轴线比冬季的明显偏东;且出现一范围较小的孤立的相对高温高盐区.在垂向,一种中层冷水和表层逆温跃层现象出现在黄海局部区域.(2)直接测流的结果,不仅部分地印证了由温、盐场所显示的环流基本形态,而且较好地揭示了流场中发生的一些新现象,其中尤其是绕济州岛的流动.(3)黄海暖流水是对马暖流水和陆架水混合而成.而且,它主要是在济州岛西侧水域,从锋带中衍生出来的. 相似文献
8.
9.
2009-08对乐清湾进行了生物调查。共鉴定浮游动物66种,浮游幼虫15类,分为半咸水河口类群、近海暖温带类群、近海暖水类群和大洋广布类群,其中近海暖水类群占主导地位。Ⅰ型网主要优势种有针刺拟哲水蚤、汤氏长足水蚤、太平洋纺锤水蚤、刺尾纺锤水蚤等;Ⅱ型网主要优势种有针刺拟哲水蚤、强额拟哲水蚤、太平洋纺锤水蚤、刺尾纺锤水蚤、短角长腹剑水蚤、简长腹剑水蚤、小长腹剑水蚤等。浮游动物优势种分布有明显差别,太平洋纺锤水蚤分布仅限于湾顶海区,小长腹剑水蚤密集区也在此区域,其它优势种则分布于乐清湾中部和湾口海区。浮游动物平均生物量为125.05mg/m3,平均丰度为234.00个/m3,数量分布呈现出从湾顶向湾口逐渐降低的趋势。 相似文献
10.
Environmental control of short-term variation in the plankton community of inner Tokyo Bay, Japan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Toru Nakane Kisaburo Nakaka Heather Bouman Trevor Platt 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,78(4):796-810
Water temperature, salinity, nutrient concentrations and the composition of the plankton community were recorded at three stations in inner Tokyo Bay over a period of 328 days (from June 8, 1995 to April 30, 1996) with a nominal sampling frequency of once per day. Inspection of the results revealed that the data could be divided into two blocs as an aid to analysis: the period from June to October was characterized by the development of stratification of temperature and salinity (stratification period), and November to March was characterized by uniform temperature and salinity in the water column due to vertical mixing (mixing period). Oxygen-depleted water forms in the bottom layer during the stratification period, but vertical mixing of the water column, due to changing wind and rainfall conditions caused by passing weather fronts, results in the breakdown of the oxygen-depleted water mass. Nutrient loads are high in the surface water due to the freshwater supply, but occasional pulses of primary production cause a depletion of phosphate in the surface water, suggesting that the phosphorus becomes a limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth in this period. Several short-term peaks of plankton abundance (blooms) occurred as responses to temporal changes in water quality from June to November, with consequent species succession. Significant fluctuations in the densities of the diatom Skeletonema costatum and several species of ciliates corresponded to the daily changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the coastal environment. During the mixing period, when water temperature and solar radiation decreased, there were no short-term variations in water quality and although nutrient concentrations gradually increased from November to February, primary production remained low. This study shows that the short-term dynamics of the phytoplankton community are closely coupled to fluctuations in environmental forcing, and that the degree of coupling is stronger during periods when solar radiation is greater. The results provide a novel typological understanding of seasonal plankton dynamics in a shallow, eutrophicated marine embayment, and suggest how such systems may be treated in simulation modeling. 相似文献
11.
12.
作者提出叶绿素是海洋浮游植物生物量的一个重指标,在两水系交汇的锋区,由于浮游植物大量繁殖,叶绿素富集,处于高生产力状态。同步获取黄海叶绿素在富集带及邻近外区的分布,可以确定水团边界。对此,作者根据卫星图象经几何纠正后,通过与黄海叶绿素a的边缘效应信息及区域分布态势比较并解译,将冬季黄海的水团划分为八种。本文还引证了遥感与其它常规资料佐证。 相似文献
13.
东海西部陆架海域水团的季节特征分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
On the basis of the CTD data and the modeling results in the winter and summer of 2009, the seasonal characteristics of the water masses in the western East China Sea shelf area were analyzed using a cluster analysis method. The results show that the distributions and temperature-salinity characteristics of the water masses in the study area are of distinct seasonal difference. In the western East China Sea shelf area, there are three water masses during winter, i.e., continental coastal water（CCW）, Taiwan Warm Current surface water（TWCSW） and Yellow Sea mixing water（YSMW）, but four ones during summer, i.e., the CCW, the TWCSW, Taiwan Warm Current deep water（TWCDW） and the YSMW. Of all, the CCW, the TWCSW and the TWCDW are all dominant water masses. The CCW, primarily characterized by a low salinity, has lower temperature, higher salinity and smaller spatial extent in winter than in summer. The TWCSW is warmer, fresher and smaller in summer than in winter, and it originates mostly from the Kuroshio surface water（KSW） northeast of Taiwan, China and less from the Taiwan Strait water during winter, but it consists of the strait water and the KSW during summer. The TWCDW is characterized by a low temperature and a high salinity, and originates completely in the Kuroshio subsurface water northeast of Taiwan. 相似文献
14.
南宁邕江网箱养殖区浮游生物种群结构特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
浮游生物是评价水体质量的一项重要生物指标,为了解广西南宁邕江网箱养殖区的水质状况,于2009年9月-2010年9月在金陵至清川桥江段网箱养殖区设置2个监测断面,每两个月采样1次,对其水质和浮游植物种群组成、密度和优势种变化进行了系统研究.结果表明:邕江网箱养殖区共检出浮游植物8门98属(种),绿藻、硅藻分别占浮游植物总种数的42.8％、24.5％;共检出浮游动物4大类44属(种),优势种为轮虫类,占浮游动物总种数的43.2％.总体看来,邕江网箱养殖区浮游生物种数夏秋季节多,冬春季节少;浮游生物密度与种数季节变化趋势一致.邕江网箱养殖区综合营养状态指数(TLI)介于59.28-66.87之间,属于中度富营养化水平.Shannon-Wiener多样性及均匀度指数分别介于1.35-1.56和0.2275-0.2586之间,表明邕江网箱养殖区在监测期内处于中营养—富营养状态,这与采用相关加权综合营养状态指数法的评价结果一致. 相似文献
15.
Siphonophores are commonly considered to be useful indicators of water masses and water-mass movement, but their employment as such across the wider Southern Ocean has not so far been attempted. We redress this here using archived samples, collected during January–February 1993 along a transect from Cape Town to the South African National Antarctic Expedition (SANAE) base in Antarctica, and compare the patterns generated with those determined from a prior analysis of whole assemblages at lower taxonomic resolution. Twenty-one species were identified from 18 of the original 53 samples collected, and two distinct assemblages were confirmed as separated by the Sub-Antarctic Front. That to the south was characterised by low diversity and high abundance and was dominated by cold-water specialists, whereas that to the north comprised a larger number of subtropical and temperate species at low abundance. Assemblage structure was strongly influenced by the mixed layer depth, sea surface salinity and chlorophyll a concentration, as well as mesozooplankton biomass. Congruence with the whole-assemblage study was high, indicating that this taxon can be suitably employed as a proxy in studies such as this. The study emphasises the value of archived plankton samples and makes a plea for better curation. 相似文献
16.
基于已验证的有限体积海岸海洋模型(FVCOM)和拉格朗日粒子离线追踪模块,模拟了潮、风、环流、温盐、波等外界强迫不同组合下苏北海域水面粒子的5种运移路径,通过实际漂流瓶轨迹验证,并进行路径间的差异与对应单强迫流场对比研究,探讨发端于苏北的浒苔运移路径及其影响因素。结果表明:浒苔运移路径先沿着苏北沿岸向北运移至废黄河口附近海域,之后向东北方向偏转继续运移,一直到山东半岛南部海域;影响苏北浒苔运移路径的外界强迫主要是风,其次是温盐、波浪、环流,潮流可以引起浒苔在局地的旋转往复运动,不能使其向北远距离漂移。漂流期间,苏北沿岸海域表层温度为18～24℃、盐度为28～31,温盐条件在浒苔最宜生长条件范围,是浒苔能边漂移边大面积暴发的原因之一。 相似文献
17.
基于2004—2013年的南海北部开放航次数据和1980—2010年Simple Ocean Data Assimilation（SODA）数据,发现南海北部次表层水体盐度在2004—2005年间盐度显著增大,相比于气候态均值分别增加了0.1和0.14,而且温盐特征曲线显示盐度增大的现象主要发生在150m以浅。2004年净淡水通量仅略低于气候态均值,2005年净淡水通量则明显高于气候态均值,因此净淡水通量不会是导致此高盐事件的有利因素。我们进一步通过块体简化盐度收支方程,定量评估盐度收支方程里中平流输运项（包括跨海盆经吕宋海峡的平流输运项和南海海盆内部南北海盆之间的平流输运项）的贡献。发现在2004年,通过吕宋海峡进入南海北部的盐含量输运显著大于气候态均值,是导致南海北部上层水体盐度迅速增大的主要原因。为探究2005年南海北部盐度持续增强的原因,我们进一步比较2004年和2005年的平流项演变,发现相对于2004年,虽然2005年吕宋海峡盐含量输运略低于气候态均值,但南海内部南海南北海盆间（通过18°N断面进入南海北部）的盐含量输运增强,即在2005年,海盆内部经向平流盐输运的贡献是促使南海北部上层盐度继续增强的关键因素。 相似文献
18.
Heung -Jae Lie 《Journal of Oceanography》1985,41(5):291-298
Wintertime temperature-salinity properties of the southeastern Hwanghae (Yellow Sea) were analysed, based on long-term hydrographic data gathered between 1961 and 1980. A strong thermohaline front is formed in the area west of Cheju-do (along 33?40′N in the region bounded by 124? E and 126?20′E) during winter and extends to the bottom. This surface-to-bottom front, running from west to east, divides water properties into two types: one type of low temperature and low salinity to the north of the front and another one of high temperature and high salinity to the south of the front. The existence of the front suggests that there is no northward flow in the study area, a finding which runs counter to the conventional belief that there is the Hwanghae Warm Current carrying waters of high temperature and salinity to the north. T-S diagrams show that in winter the Hwanghae Warm Current Water and the Hwanghae Cold Water are the representative water masses in the study area. 相似文献
19.
The effects of vertical sampling resolution on estimates of plankton biomass and grazing calculations were examined using data collected in two different areas with vertically stratified water columns. Data were collected from one site in the upwelling region off Oregon and from four sites in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, three within the Mississippi River plume and one in adjacent oceanic waters. Plankton were found to be concentrated in discrete layers with sharp vertical gradients at all the stations. Phytoplankton distributions were correlated with gradients in temperature and salinity, but microzooplankton and mesozooplankton distributions were not. Layers of zooplankton were sometimes collocated with layers of phytoplankton, but this was not always the case. Simulated calculations demonstrate that when averages are taken over the water column, or coarser scale vertical sampling resolution is used, biomass and mesozooplankton grazing and filtration rates can be greatly underestimated. This has important implications for understanding the ecological significance of discrete layers of plankton and for assessing rates of grazing and production in stratified water columns. 相似文献
20.
Abstract. Some hydrophysical environmental parameters ( e.g . temperature, salinity, transparency, flows, erc .) are known to profoundly affect the structural and functional characteristics and species composition of plankton communities. The purpose of the present work was to assess the opposite - the influence of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of plankton on some optical (light transmission. optical density) and acoustic (sound volume backscattering strength) characteristics in the Black Sea. The influence of specific features (shape, size and color) of planktonic unicells on light attenuation in seawater was examined in laboratory experiments. The data from field studies on variability of statistic characteristics of sound volume backscattering strength in upper productive water layer, depending on species composition and numbers of zooplankton, are given. 相似文献