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甘肃花牛山东钾长花岗岩40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄及其地质意义 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：19
对甘肃花牛山东复式花岗岩体中钾长花岗岩的钾长石进行了详细的40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄测定,11个加热阶段所获数据构成-条相关关系非常好的直线,其对应的等时线年龄为194.25±1.96 Ma(2σ).40Ar/36Ar初始值为288.87±2.17(2σ),接近于尼尔值(295.5).鉴于该岩体形成之后未受到明显的构造-岩浆活动或其它热事件的影响,因此,194 Ma代表了钾长花岗岩钾长石的形成时代.花牛山东钾长花岗岩是燕山早期构造-岩浆活动的产物.由此推断,花牛山地区构造-岩浆活动时间不是印支期,更不是海西期,而是中生代燕山早期. 相似文献
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华北克拉通南缘蓝田和牧护关花岗岩体：LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
蓝田和牧护关花岗岩体位于华北克拉通南缘、东秦岭西北端,同时地处大兴安岭-太行山重力梯度带西侧,准确限定其侵位时代对于正确理解华北克拉通岩石圈减薄的时空分布特征及东、西秦岭中生代岩浆作用的时空分布均具有重要意义。蓝田岩体主要由巨斑状二长花岗岩和中细粒二长花岗岩组成,牧护关岩体主要由花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩和富黑云母花岗岩组成。对其中主体岩性的锆石LA—ICPMSU—Pb定年结果表明,蓝田和牧护关岩体的侵位时代分别为（154±1）Ma和（151±2）Ma,说明它们是燕山期（晚侏罗世-早白垩世）岩浆活动的产物。蓝田-牧护关岩体以西的西秦岭广大地区印支期岩浆岩分布广泛,但迄今为止尚未发现燕山期岩浆活动的证据,相反在蓝田一牧护关岩体以东的华北克拉通南缘和东秦岭地区,燕山期侵入岩十分发育。秦岭造山带中生代花岗岩类侵位时代的系统差异表明,东秦岭和西秦岭自晚侏罗世以后受不同的构造背景控制。一般认为,西秦岭印支期岩浆岩与扬子和华北板块的碰撞拼合有关,而东秦岭燕山期岩浆岩则与华北克拉通岩石圈减薄或太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的俯冲有关。因此,蓝田和牧护关岩体可能代表了滨太平洋构造一岩浆域和华北克拉通岩石圈减薄的西界。 相似文献
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苗儿山花岗岩体单元—超单元特征及其定位机制 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据苗儿山花岗岩体单元－超单元新理论将苗儿岩体划分为13个单元，归并为两个超单元，两个独立单元。不同单元、超单元的性质特征揭示了不同构造期古老岩石重熔的岩浆，沿北东向基底断裂上侵在隆起核部冷凝成岩的演化规律。雪峰期形成猫儿界单元线浅成相裂隙喷溢型火山岩；加里东期以NE向基底断裂的中心式扩展定位形成中深成相黄金超单元主体，自中心往外，岩体由新至老分布；印支－燕山期延续 了加里东期岩浆活动特征；因环状裂隙影响，印支期光旺岭单元侵入体总体呈NE向展布，且以加里东期岩浆侵位中心呈半环状排列；燕山期八角亭超单元3个NE向带，是岩浆呈岩墙式扩张定位的具体表现。 相似文献
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华南中部地区大义山、塔山等早中生代花岗岩的展布和侵入特征与这一时期褶皱构造之间存在着非常密切的关系,对这些岩体进行精确年代学研究,可以为构造变形时代提供年代学约束。大义山岩体南部地区锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS年龄为东缘(171.8±1.9)Ma、西缘(169.9±1.8)Ma、中部(164.2±2.6)Ma,塔山岩体东段为(247±5.9)Ma。大义山岩体在164.2—171.8 Ma之间经历两个期次的侵入,形成了一个复式岩体,岩体形成后至125 Ma经历了快速隆升,之后以接近1°C/Ma的冷却速率抬升到地表。大义山和塔山岩体记录了华南早中生代印支和燕山两期重要的岩浆活动。阳明山、塔山岩体等E—W向展布岩体受印支期构造带控制;大义山、骑田岭等岩体年龄限定了燕山期构造地层的变形下限时代,华南地区NNE向褶皱构造形成时代应早于(171.8±1.9)Ma。 相似文献
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姜平 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2004,(Z1)
漳浦复式岩体是一个主要由辉石闪长岩、石英(二长)闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩及晶洞碱长花岗岩组成的大型中生代复式岩体。通过详细的室内外调查研究,根据侵入体之间及其与围岩的接触关系、岩石的矿物成分及岩石化学、结构构造、地球化学等特征,以成分演化单元为基本单位,漳浦复式岩体可划分出早侏罗世—晚白垩世共16个基本单元,归并为古美山、漳浦、漳洲3个超单元及4个独立单元。R1R2图解及巴尔巴林岩浆构造分类,漳浦复式岩体中各超单元(单元)侵入岩分别形成于不同的构造环境。据岩浆演化及其与区域构造演化的关系,该复式岩体是早侏罗世、晚侏罗世、晚侏罗世晚期—早白垩世、早白垩世及晚白垩世等5个构造—岩浆活动旋回岩浆活动的产物。 相似文献
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西秦岭舟曲峰迭和夏河桑日卡岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对西秦岭疑似为燕山期花岗岩的舟曲峰迭和夏河桑日卡岩体进行岩相学研究和锆石U-Pb同位素地质年龄测定,获得锆石U-Pb年龄分别为201.3±0.9Ma和232.6±2.2Ma,表明2个岩体均属早中生代印支期造山作用岩浆活动的产物,澄清了有关地质图(1∶25万陇东幅地质图和1∶25万临夏市幅建造构造图)中2个岩体的时代归属。通过研究认为,西秦岭内部无论南带或北带基本不存在燕山期花岗岩,其花岗岩主体为出露于北带的印支期花岗岩体。因此,西秦岭可以与东秦岭的南秦岭构造单元对比,在构造带的划分上相当于南秦岭的西延。结合前人研究成果,从西秦岭与南秦岭花岗岩形成时代与同位素地球化学特征看,两者的岩浆源区相似并具有扬子地块基底属性。西秦岭缺少燕山期花岗岩的原因归咎于它的构造位置与东秦岭尤其是燕山期花岗岩极发育的小秦岭完全不同,后者燕山期岩浆作用得以盛行,可能与华北克拉通岩石圈破坏或与中生代中晚期华北地块向秦岭造山带的陆下俯冲有关。 相似文献
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赣南桃山复式岩体的锆石U-Pb年代学及其产铀性探讨 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
桃山复式花岗岩体位于南岭东段北部,区内产有我国最大的花岗岩型铀矿田。宝华山(蔡江)岩体和黄陂岩体是桃山复式岩体中面积最大的两个。前人测得宝华山岩体成岩时代为与铀矿关系更密切的印支期,但是该岩体仅发现个别铀矿床,是否具有更大的产铀潜力还有待探讨;前人测得黄陂岩体与产铀的打鼓寨岩体年龄一致,均为(154±2)Ma,与打鼓寨岩体侵入到黄陂岩体的野外地质现象存在矛盾,有必要进一步厘定其形成年龄。本文利用高精度的激光剥蚀-多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱法(LA-MC-ICPMS)重新测定了宝华山岩体和黄陂岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄,证实宝华山岩体形成于印支期(229.98±0.98)Ma,重新厘定黄陂岩体形成于燕山早期(160.9±2.4)Ma,略早于产铀的打鼓寨岩体,更符合打鼓寨岩体侵入于黄陂岩体的地质事实。结合前人的研究,本文对桃山复式岩体的岩浆演化序列、构造背景及产铀性进行了讨论,将桃山岩体岩浆演化过程分为五个主要阶段:由印支期的宝华山岩体、燕山早期的黄陂岩体和打鼓寨岩体,以及燕山晚期的罗布里岩体和菜山岩体等组成,不同阶段的岩体对应不同的花岗岩成因类型;推测印支期和燕山期花岗岩的形成均与太平洋板块俯冲造成的伸展拉伸环境有关;指出岩石成因类型是控制花岗岩产铀/不产铀的重要因素,桃山岩体中的S型花岗岩即打鼓寨岩体的产铀能力最强,今后应对花岗岩成因类型控制产铀性的深层原因进一步研究。 相似文献
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白马尖超单元组合特征及其成因机制 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
经详细填图，将白马尖复式杂岩体解体出９１个侵入体，归并６个单元，３个超单元，它们均属燕山期产物，物源于壳幔混合岩浆。岩石由花岗闪长岩二长花岗岩钾长花岗岩方向演化，岩浆活动由弱强弱，一幕一幕向上推进，呈向北东迁移趋势。区域构造活动和岩浆自身演化的双重因素制约了白马尖超单元组合。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献