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为保护地下水饮用水源地,以中深层承压水为评价目标层,基于研究区103眼浅层地下水水位资料、9眼中深层地下水水位及水质资料,结合前人调查研究成果,采用DPTQHC评价模型对宿州市城区地下水脆弱性进行评价。评价模型选取水位降深、含水层渗透系数、弱透水层厚度、潜水水质、水头差、弱透水层渗透系数共6项影响因子,参照DARSTIC评价模型中权重范围值,结合研究区实际确定因子权重,借助Arcgis平台得到中深层承压水脆弱性综合指数及脆弱性分区图。结果表明：宿州市主城区中深层地下水脆弱性中等区域分布面积最广,其后依次为脆弱性较低区域、脆弱性较高区域、脆弱性高区域、脆弱性低区域。评价结果与该地区地下水质量吻合较好,适宜中深层地下水脆弱性评价。 相似文献
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为保护地下水饮用水源地,以中深层承压水为评价目标层,基于研究区103眼浅层地下水水位资料、9眼中深层地下水水位及水质资料,结合前人调查研究成果,采用DPTQHC评价模型对宿州市城区地下水脆弱性进行评价。评价模型选取水位降深、含水层渗透系数、弱透水层厚度、潜水水质、水头差、弱透水层渗透系数共6项影响因子,参照DARSTIC评价模型中权重范围值,结合研究去区实际确定因子权重,借助Arcgis平台得到中深层承压水脆弱性综合指数及脆弱性分区图。结果表明：宿州市主城区中深层地下水脆弱性中等区域分布面积最广,其后依次为脆弱性较低区域、脆弱性较高区域、脆弱性高区域、脆弱性低区域。评价结果与该地区地下水质量吻合较好,适宜中深层地下水脆弱性评价。 相似文献
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《地下水》2021,(3)
研究区位于黔中经济区,是未来贵州省发展重心。为防止区域地下水污染,合理开发利用与保护地下水资源,根据系统内实际情况选择评价因子,采用层次分析法(AHP)量化各评价因子并确定各因子权重,参照《地下水脆弱性评价技术要求》(GWI-D3),并结合研究区实际,将区域地下水环境脆弱性划分为脆弱性很低、脆弱性较低、脆弱性较高低、脆弱性很高和脆弱性极高五个等级。按照分区结果及评价方法,对犀牛洞地下河系统的地下水脆弱性进行评价,结果显示:犀牛洞地下河系统内的石灰岩溶洞-管道含水介质分布区和白云岩溶孔-溶隙分布区地下水脆弱性很高,部分区域地下水已经受到污染。碎屑岩分布区天然防护能力高,地下水脆弱性较低。评价结果为区域地下水资源科学管理提供了基础依据。 相似文献
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地下水脆弱性是污染物由地表到达地下水系统某一特定位置的趋向性和可能性。研究地下水脆弱性是为了更好地管理和开发利用地下水提供一个强而有力的依据。由于地下水脆弱性的界线是模糊的。且因不同的地区和不同的地质条件的差异,脆弱性的影响因素的权重也会随之变化。现采用基于AHP(层次分析)的模糊综合评判模型能使评价结果更加客观且符合实际,且能较好地解决定量和定性相结合的问题。现采用基于AHP(层次分析)的模糊综合评判模型对海口市地下水源地进行脆弱性评价,经过海口市地下水源地脆弱性的计算,证明了基于AHP的模糊综合评价模型用于地下水脆弱性评价是可行的,且能使评价结果更加客观和符合实际。 相似文献
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地下水脆弱性概念的发展过程与评价现状及研究前景 总被引：35，自引：0，他引：35
地下水脆弱性概念的发展过程是一个由简单到复杂,由单纯考虑内因到综合考虑内外因,由分以趋同的不断丰富、完善与发展的过程。评价方法由应用图件定性描述发展到应用模型定量表达。本文指出了目前地下水脆弱性评价中存在的若干问题,并指出应用灰色系统理论、模糊数学理论、ＡＨＰ与ＧＩＳ技术进行地下水脆弱性评价将是地下水脆弱性研究的一个主要的发展方向。 相似文献
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基于改进的DRASTIC模型对香溪河典型岩溶流域地下水脆弱性评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南方岩溶流域的地表水与地下水转换频繁,地下水环境对人类活动响应敏感,地下水环境脆弱。为探索岩溶流域地下水脆弱性评价的方法,以岩溶流域为评价对象,选取植被覆盖率、地形坡度、土壤类型、地下水水位埋深、地下水补给模数、土地利用类型6个指标,通过改进DRASTIC模型的评价指标体系,建立了基于VTSDRL模型的岩溶流域地下水脆弱性评价指标体系。以香溪河岩溶流域地下水为例,利用层次分析法计算了评价指标权重,基于地理信息系统的叠加分析功能对香溪河岩溶流域地下水脆弱性进行了定量评价。结果表明:香溪河岩溶流域地下水脆弱性以中等脆弱区为主,占比达到86.6%;地下水补给模数和土地利用类型对地下水脆弱性的影响作用最强,地下水脆弱性高的区域主要分布于溶丘洼地区,其面临农业活动污染的风险最大。该研究可为我国南方岩溶流域地下水脆弱性评价和岩溶水资源保护提供参考。 相似文献
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为评价区块尺度页岩气开采过程中深部污染物对上部含水层的污染风险,基于“源-途径-驱动力-受体”概念模型,采用层次分析法构建了页岩气开采对地下水影响的深部脆弱性评价指标体系.利用该体系对贵州省某页岩气开采区块进行了评价,结果表明:评价区地下水深部脆弱性以低和较低为主,两者面积占研究区总面积的69.15%,主要分布于研究区西北部、中部及东南部,中间层厚度是影响评价结果的主要指标.该评价体系能够评估页岩气开采区地下水深部脆弱性,丰富了现有地下水脆弱性评价体系,可为区块内页岩气井的布设选址及地下水环境保护提供技术支撑. 相似文献
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This study outlines an improved method, MLPI (modified leaching potential index) model, for delineating and mapping groundwater vulnerability and assessing groundwater vulnerability to contaminants, including degradable contaminants, radioactive elements and nondegradable pollutants. The primary objective is to produce specific sensitivity maps at city or county scale that can be used for recognition of aquifer sensitivity and for protection of groundwater quality. Groundwater vulnerability assessment using the MLPI method is applied to Datong city, Shanxi Province, with the following conclusions: (1) specific vulnerability was differentiated and ; (2) groundwater vulnerability is of temporal variation. 相似文献
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由于目前缺乏一套完整成熟的地下水污染风险源准确识别与分级方法, 在综合解析污染源结构、污染物输移过程评价的基础上, 构建了涵盖地下水易污性和地下水污染源两部分多因素耦合的风险源识别模型, 其中从污染源特性和污染物性质两方面建立了污染源危害性评价参数体系.以地下水易污性指数和污染源潜在危害性评价指数作为风险源分级指标, 采用乘积模型进行了风险源的评价与分级.选择某水源地对所建方法进行实例分析, 确定了地下水污染的高风险源区.结果表明, 污染源和地下水易污性共同决定了地下水污染的风险源, 所建方法对地下水污染的预防及污染源的有效监管有重要意义. 相似文献
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A shallow unconfined low-lying coastal aquifer in southern Finland surrounded by the Baltic Sea is vulnerable to changes in groundwater recharge, sea-level rise and human activities. Assessment of the intrinsic vulnerability of groundwater under climate scenarios was performed for the aquifer area by utilising the results of a published study on the impacts of climate change on groundwater recharge and sea-level rise on groundwater–seawater interaction. Three intrinsic vulnerability mapping methods, the aquifer vulnerability index (AVI), a modified SINTACS and GALDIT, were applied and compared. According to the results, the degree of groundwater vulnerability is greatly impacted by seasonal variations in groundwater recharge during the year, and also varies depending on the climate-change variability in the long term. The groundwater is potentially highly vulnerable to contamination from sources on the ground surface during high groundwater recharge rates after snowmelt, while a high vulnerability to seawater intrusion could exist when there is a low groundwater recharge rate in dry season. The AVI results suggest that a change in the sea level will have an insignificant impact on groundwater vulnerability compared with the results from the modified SINTACS and GALDIT. The modified SINTACS method could be used as a guideline for the groundwater vulnerability assessment of glacial and deglacial deposits in inland aquifers, and in combination with GALDIT, it could provide a useful tool for assessing groundwater vulnerability to both contamination from sources on the ground surface and to seawater intrusion for shallow unconfined low-lying coastal aquifers under future climate-change conditions. 相似文献
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针对华北平原地域广阔,地貌和水文地质条件复杂、地下水开发利用程度高,地下水位埋深、包气带和含水层岩性差异性大等特点,基于大量钻孔和地下水位监测资料,厘定了包气带岩性和地下水位埋深变化对脆弱性评价影响,进而建立适宜华北平原的DRITC评价指标体系,并应用于华北平原地下水脆弱性评价。评价中,根据华北平原水文地质条件,划分4评价分区,剖分2 km×2 km单元34 253个,采用地下水位埋深、净补给量、包气带岩性、含水层累积厚度和渗透系数5个因子作为评价指标,求得地下水脆弱性综合指数及脆弱性分布图。结果表明,华北平原山前冲洪积扇和古黄河冲洪积平原的现代黄河影响带地下水脆弱性高或较高。野外采样7 472组地下水有机污染测试分析结果佐证,脆弱性高或较高区有机污染检出项数多,其他地区较少,由此验证评价结果的客观性。 相似文献
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Ikram Jmal Bachaer Ayed Emna Boughariou Nabila Allouche Salwa Saidi Monji Hamdi Salem Bouri 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(16):364
The study region comprises the Sidi Bouzid shallow aquifer, which is located in the western part of Central Tunisia. It is mainly occupied by agricultural land with intensive use of chemical fertilizers especially nitrates. For this reason, nitrate measurement was performed in 38 water samples to evaluate and calibrate the obtained models. Several environmental parameters were analyzed using groundwater nitrate concentrations, and different statistical approaches were applied to assess and validate the groundwater vulnerability to nitrate pollution in the Sidi Bouzid shallow aquifer. Multiple linear regression (MLR), analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), and logistic regression (LR) were carried out for studying the nitrate effects on groundwater pollution. Statistical analyses were used to identify major environmental factors that control the groundwater nitrate concentration in this region. Correlation and statistical analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between the nitrate (dependent variable) and various environmental variables (independent variables). All methods show that “groundwater depth” and “land use” parameters are statistically significant at 95% level of confidence. Groundwater vulnerability map was obtained by overlaying these two thematic layers which were obtained in the GIS environment. It shows that the high vulnerability area coincides with the likelihood that nitrate concentration exceeds 24.5 mg/l in groundwater. The relationship between the groundwater vulnerability classes and the nitrate concentrations provides satisfactory results; it showed an Eta-squared correlation coefficient of 64%. So, the groundwater vulnerability map can be used as a synthetic document for realistic management of groundwater quality. 相似文献
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Groundwater vulnerability map of the Chrzanów karst-fissured Triassic aquifer (Poland) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A map shows intrinsic vulnerability to pollution of the Chrzanów karst-fissured aquifer (273 km2) in the southern part of Poland. This aquifer is intensively drained by numerous intakes and Zn-Pb ore mines. A DRASTIC-type parametric system was applied for groundwater vulnerability evaluation. Vulnerability assessment is based on six factors (depth to groundwater table, lithology of the unsaturated zone, net recharge, hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer, groundwater flow velocity, aquifer thickness). For the final vulnerability map construction at the scale of 1:50,000, a combination of the aquifer simulation model (using MODFLOW) and a geographical information system was applied. Maps of the net recharge, hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer and groundwater flow velocity were derived by aquifer modelling. Based on the vulnerability index (21-182), six relative vulnerability classes were selected. Reliability of the map has been verified. 相似文献
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Modified DRASTIC assessment for intrinsic vulnerability mapping of karst aquifers: a case study 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
Groundwater in karstic aquifers can be dangerously sensitive to contamination. In this paper, DRASTIC assessment was modified
and applied, for the first time, to address the intrinsic vulnerability for karst aquifers. The theoretical weights of two
of DRASTIC’s parameters (aquifer media and hydraulic conductivity) were modified through sensitivity analysis. Two tests of
sensitivity analyses were carried out: the map removal and the single parameter sensitivity analyses. The modified assessment
was applied for the karst aquifers underlying Ramallah District (Palestine) as a case study. The aquifer vulnerability map
indicated that the case study area is under low, moderate and high vulnerability of groundwater to contamination. The vulnerability
index can assist in the implementation of groundwater management strategies to prevent degradation of groundwater quality.
The modified DRASTIC assessment has proven to be effective because it is relatively straightforward, use data that are commonly
available or estimated and produces an end product that is easily interpreted. 相似文献