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目的 探讨硫化氢（hydrogen sulfide,H2S）与糖尿病肾病（diabetic nephropathy,DN）大鼠肾细胞外基质过度积聚的关系。方法 21只SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组（对照组）、糖尿病肾病组（DN组）、硫化氢干预组（DN+H2S组）。链脲佐菌素（STZ）法建立糖尿病大鼠模型,DN+H2S组给予NaHS治疗8周,其他组给予同等剂量的0.9%生理盐水治疗。观察3组大鼠肾脏病理改变、BrdU阳性细胞和α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA）分布差异。结果 与对照组比较,DN组大鼠尿蛋白量、相对肾重均明显增多,病理呈典型的DN改变,BrdU阳性细胞比值、肾小球α-SMA表达和分布显著增多（P<0.01）;应用NaHS治疗后,大鼠肾脏DN改变明显减轻（P<0.01）,BrdU阳性细胞比值、肾小球α-SMA表达和分布与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 H2S可以抑制DN大鼠肌性成纤维细胞增殖,减少α-SMA表达和分布,减缓DN大鼠的肾小球细胞外基质积聚。 相似文献
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目的 探讨高脂饮食大鼠肾脏3-羟基-3甲基戊二酰辅酶A合成酶2（HMGCS2）表达及可能调控机制。方法 断乳Wistar 雄性大鼠27只分为3组：正常对照组（CON）、高脂组（HFG）、绿茶多酚（green tea polyphenols,GTPs）组（G）。CON组大鼠喂养普通饲料,HFG组及GTPs组给予高脂饲料,GTPs组同时自由摄食绿茶多酚浓度为1.6g/L水溶液。26周后测定空腹血糖（FPG）、血清胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）。免疫印迹法测定肾脏HMGCS2和Sirt3蛋白表达水平。结果 与CON组比较,HFG组大鼠体重和脂肪系数升高,血清FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C/HDLC均升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与HFG组比较,GTPs降低大鼠体重和脂肪系数,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,GTPs组血清FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C/HDLC均不同程度降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与CON组比较,肾脏组织HMGCS2的表达降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与HFG组比较,GTPs组增加肾脏HMGCS2的表达,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高脂饮食、正常饮食和GTPs干预后,大鼠肾脏组织Sirt3蛋白表达差异无统计学意义。结论 高脂饮食可降低肾脏组织HMGCS2表达,绿茶多酚可逆转此效应;高脂饮食及绿茶多酚对肾脏组织HMGCS2表达的调控不经Sirt3途径。 相似文献
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目的 探讨阿霉素性心肌病大鼠发生心律失常的发病机制。方法 健康wistar雄性大鼠20只,体重200g,适应周围环境1周后,随机将20只wistar雄性大鼠分为对照组（n=10）和阿霉素（ADR）组（n=10）。ADR组的大鼠在1周内进行3次腹腔注射ADR 2mg/kg;同时对照组则进行3次腹腔注射0.9%NaCl （2ml/kg）,停药后让两组大鼠自由饮食4周。7周后对两组大鼠行心脏彩超检测,左心室舒张末径（LVEDd）与左心室收缩末期内径（LVESd）及左心室射血分数（LVEF）,行VG染色观察各组大鼠心肌纤维化情况;扫描电镜染色观察左心室心肌细胞闰盘病理学变化;两组大鼠心肌结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）、转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）、N型钙黏蛋白（N-cad）、桥粒芯糖蛋白（DSG2）表达应用ELISA法检测;采用Western blot法检测两组大鼠的心肌细胞Cx40 、Cx43、p-Cx43蛋白表达。结果 与对照组相比,阿霉素组大鼠明显出现心室重构,并易出现心律失常;电镜下观察ADR组大鼠心肌细胞闰盘破损严重,间隙增宽,VG染色显示ADR组大鼠病理积分明显高于对照组（P<0.05）;ADR组大鼠相较于对照组大鼠心室肌中CTGF、TGF-β1的表达升高显著,N-cad、DSG2、Cx40、Cx43及p-Cx43的表达明显减低（P<0.05）。结论 ADR组大鼠可能由于心室肌细胞纤维化、闰盘结构受损、缝隙连接重构等原因导致心律失常。 相似文献
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目的 探讨肥胖患者上气道结构的多层螺旋CT（MSCT）形态学改变,以揭示肥胖患者上气道结构异常及其与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAHS）病情严重程度的关系。方法 选择经多导睡眠监测（PSG）确诊的非OSAHS和OSAHS肥胖患者各25例,对所有入组患者进行额窦层面至第7颈椎水平多层螺旋CT扫描及三维重建,测量鼻咽、腭咽、口咽和喉咽的最小截面积及其周围组织并进行比较。并且分析4个平面测量指标与体重指数（BMI）、颈围、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）等指标的相关性。结果 与非OSAHS组患者比较,OSAHS组肥胖患者软腭的面积明显增大（P<0.05）,其体积增大更加明显（P<0.01）;口咽部气道的截面积、前后径、体积,均比非OSAHS组患者明显减小（P均<0.05）,并且软腭的体积均与BMI、AHI呈正相关（P均<0.01）。结论 MSCT能从二维及三维结构评估肥胖患者上气道阻塞及周围软组织情况,并且提示软腭体积增大可能与OSAHS严重程度相关。 相似文献
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目的 了解HBV相关肝病患者外周血NK细胞表面PD-1、Tim-3的表达情况,探讨PD-1和Tim-3的表达与血清HBV-DNA载量的相关情况。方法 选择HBV感染相关肝病患者74例,其中CHB患者30例,LC患者24例,HCC患者20例,健康对照18例。应用流式细胞术检测NK细胞表面PD-1、Tim-3表达,荧光定量PCR检测HBV-DNA量,ELISA法检测细胞因子分泌水平。统计各组患者PD-1和Tim-3的表达率,比较各组差异,分析其与病情的相关性。结果 CHB、LC、HCC组外周血NK细胞表面PD-1和Tim-3的表达率分别为34.46%±7.31%、59.09%±12.35%、61.49%±15.26%和19.18%±6.05%、28.64%±11.20%、31.24%±11.85%,均高于对照组（P<0.01）,LC组和HCC组明显高于CHB组（P<0.01）,LC组和HCC组比较无统计学差异。在CHB组,PD-1的表达率与HBV-DNA呈负相关关系（R=-0.437,P=0.033）。CHB、LC、HCC各组血清中细胞因子TNF-α和IFN-γ水平分别为0.66±0.63、0.75±0.66、0.85±0.71和1.76±0.88、1.83±1.23、1.60±0.53,均低于健康对照组（P<0.01）。结论 HBV相关肝病患者NK细胞表面PD-1、Tim-3表达均增加,且与病情严重程度有关,增加表达的PD-1与血清HBV-DNA载量存在负相关性,HBV肝病各组血清TNF-α、IFN-γ分泌减少。 相似文献
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目的 探讨铁过载对原代培养脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECS）超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、活性氧表达的影响及川芎嗪的干预效应。方法 使用酶联免疫法（ELISA）检测体外培养铁过载脐静脉内皮细胞表达的超氧化物歧化酶和活性氧的含量。结果 与空白组比较,模型组超氧化物歧化酶的含量显著降低（P<0.01）,给药组超氧化物歧化酶与模型组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;模型组活性氧含量显著高于空白组（P<0.01）,与模型组相比,给药组活性氧含量有明显降低（P<0.05）。结论 川芎嗪能抑制脐静脉内皮细胞铁过载导致的氧化应激,有通过抗氧化应激发挥抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。 相似文献
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目的 探讨甲状腺激素受体β1（thyroid hormone receptor β1,TRβ1）、β-链蛋白（β-catenin）及细胞周期蛋白A2（Cyclin A2）在甲状腺乳头状癌（thyroid papillary carcinoma,TPC）组织中的表达及意义。方法 应用免疫组化（SP）法分别检测30例正常甲状腺组织、30例结节性甲状腺肿伴乳头状增生（nodular goiter with papillary hyperplasia,NGWPH）及116例TPC组织中TRβ1、β-catenin及Cyclin A2的表达,同时检测肿瘤淋巴管密度（lymphtic vessel density,LVD）,分析它们与临床病理指标的关系。结果 与正常甲状腺组织和NGWPH组织比较,TPC组织中TRβ1的表达阳性率降低,β-catenin在细胞膜表达显著减弱,而胞质表达明显增强,Cyclin A2的表达阳性率升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。相关性分析结果显示,TRβ1与β-catenin和Cyclin A2的表达呈负相关（r=-0.656和-0.525,均P<0.01）,β-catenin和Cyclin A2呈正相关（r=0.384,P<0.01）;淋巴结转移组的LVD显著高于无淋巴结转移组（P<0.05）;TRβ1低表达、β-catenin胞质异常表达及Cyclin A2过表达与TPC包膜外侵、LVD及淋巴结转移有关（P<0.05）,而与患者年龄、性别、组织类型、肿瘤直径、是否为多病灶无相关性（P>0.05）。结论 TRβ1通过使β-catenin在细胞内大量蓄积,继而诱导下游靶基因Cyclin A2表达途径参与TPC的发生和进展。 相似文献
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目的 在前期蛋白质组学研究中,明确了一系列候选血浆差异蛋白指标,包括RelB、PSMD10 等含量上调可能是宫颈癌的候选血浆蛋白质指标。本研究对上述指标进行定量验证,探讨宫颈癌发生及进展与血浆蛋白质表达调控的关系及临床意义。方法 收集维吾尔族女性宫颈病变患者外周血标本共70例,其中宫颈炎（cervicitis,CV）20例,宫颈内上皮瘤变（cervical intraepithelial neoplasisa,CIN）Ⅱ~Ⅲ 20例及宫颈鳞癌（cervical squamous cell carcinoma,CSCC）30例,采用酶联免疫法对血浆RelB、PSMD10 表达水平进行定量鉴定。结果 宫颈病变进展伴有血浆RelB、PSMD10 蛋白质含量梯度性上调,其差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。通过不同血浆蛋白质含量变化的相关性分析,发现血浆PSMD10与RelB呈低度正相关（r<0.4,P<0.01）。对不同蛋白质指标的检测对宫颈癌及癌前病变的预测能力分析,发现血浆RelB蛋白质检测的敏感度、特异性和准确度较高（依次为90.0%、50.0%和75.7%）,对宫颈癌诊断可能有较高的预测价值。结论 宫颈癌发生与血浆蛋白质表达调控存在密切关系,血浆RelB、PSMD10 含量上调可能是宫颈癌发生的早期预警的血浆检测指标,对其检测对宫颈癌诊断具有较高的预测价值。 相似文献
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目的 初步探讨P16INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白检测在宫颈鳞状上皮内病变诊断中的应用价值。方法 选择在温州市人民医院就诊患者,收集69例宫颈鳞状上皮内病变标本,行P16INK4A、HPV L1壳蛋白检测,分析P16INK4A、HPV L1壳蛋白及P16INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白在各级宫颈病变中的表达差异。结果 P16INK4A在LSIL组、HSIL组、SCC组中的阳性率分别为45.5%、85.2%、100.0%。同LSIL组比较,P16INK4A在HSIL组及SCC组阳性率明显升高（P<0.01）。HPV L1壳蛋白在LSIL组、HSIL组、SCC组中的阳性率分别为63.6%、18.5%、0%,HPV L1壳蛋白在LSIL组中阳性率明显低于HSIL组及SCC组（P<0.01）。随着宫颈病变加重,P16+/L1-阳性率有升高趋势（P<0.01）,P16-/L1+阳性率有下降趋势（P<0.01）。LSIL组中P16+/L1-阳性率明显低于HSIL组和SCC组（P<0.01）,SCC组P16+/L1-阳性率较HSIL组有明显提高（P<0.05）。LSIL组中P16-/L1+阳性率明显低于HSIL组和SCC组（P<0.01）。P16+/L1-较P16INK4、HPV L1壳蛋白单一检测筛查HSIL+特异性明显升高（P<0.01）。结论 P16INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白有望成为诊断宫颈鳞状上皮内病变的有效指标。 相似文献
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目的 研究重组胎盘生长因子（recombinant placental growth factor,rPlGF）对大鼠急性心肌梗死后心肌细胞凋亡的影响并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法 采用结扎冠状动脉的方法建立大鼠急性心肌梗死模型,取40只模型大鼠随机分为模型组和rPlGF治疗组,并设假手术组,尾静脉注射给药。4周后,通过高频率超生影像系统检测舒张末期左心室内径（LVIDd）和收缩末期左心室内径（LVIDs）、短轴缩短率（FS）、射血分数（EF）、每搏排出量（SV）;TTC染色法计算心肌梗死面积,TUNEL法观察心肌细胞凋亡状况,RT-PCR法测定心肌组织bcl-2 mRNA、Bax mRNA表达,Western blot法测定心肌组织caspase-3、NF-κB蛋白表达;比色法测定心肌组织中抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果 与模型组比较发现经rPlGF 治疗能够显著降低急性心肌梗死大鼠LVIDd和LVIDs,提高FS、EF和SV;降低心肌组织梗死面积,显著降低心肌细胞凋亡指数（apoptosis index,AI）、明显改善心肌细胞凋亡状况,上调bcl-2 mRNA表达并下调Bax mRNA表达、显著提高bcl-2/Bax比值,显著降低caspase-3、NF-κB蛋白表达量,显著提高抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT）活性并显著降低MDA含量,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05,P<0.01）。结论 rPlGF具有抑制大鼠急性心肌梗死后细胞凋亡的作用,其机制可能与rPlGF改善心功能、调节凋亡相关基因蛋白表达以及抑制氧化应激损伤有关。 相似文献
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贵州典型喀斯特环境退化与自然恢复速率 总被引：41，自引：3，他引：38
喀斯特环境退化与自然恢复速率是具有重要意义的问题。在分析贵族典型喀斯特环境主要因子关系的基础上,确定用土地覆盖、植被状况和土壤属性反映喀斯特环境退化与自然恢复过程,应用和地面观测方法对研究区土地覆盖、植被覆盖、生物生产量、生物多样性和土壤理化性质等指标进行研究,从而得出研究区喀斯特环境退化与自然恢复规律及其相应的速率。 相似文献
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Byron Adams Craig Dietsch Lewis A. Owen Marc W. Caffee James Spotila William C. Haneberg 《Geomorphology》2009,107(3-4):285-299
Low-temperature apatite (U–Th)/He (AHe) thermochronology on vertical transects of leucogranite stocks and 10Be terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) surface exposure dating on strath terraces in the Lahul Himalaya provide a first approximation of long-term (104–106 years) exhumation rates for the High Himalayan Crystalline Series (HHCS) for northern India. The AHe ages show that exhumation of the HHCS in Lahul from shallow crustal levels to the surface was ~ 1–2 mm/a and occurred during the past ~ 2.5 Ma. Bedrock exhumation in Lahul fits into a regional pattern in the HHCS of low-temperature thermochronometers yielding Plio-Pleistocene ages. Surface exposure ages of strath terraces along the Chandra River range from ~ 3.5 to 0.2 ka. Two sites along the Chandra River show a correlation between TCN age and height above the river level yielding maximum incision rates of 12 and 5.5 mm/a. Comparison of our AHe and surface exposure ages from Lahul with thermochronometry data from the fastest uplifting region at the western end of the Himalaya, the Nanga Parbat syntaxis, illustrates that there are contrasting regions in the High Himalaya where longer term (105–107 years) erosion and exhumation of bedrock substantially differ even though Holocene rates of fluvial incision are comparable. These data imply that the orogen's indenting corners are regions where focused denudation has been stable since the mid-Pliocene. However, away from these localized areas where there is a potent coupling of tectonic and surface processes that produce rapid uplift and denudation, Plio-Pleistocene erosion and exhumation can be characterized by disequilibrium, where longer term rates are relatively slower and shorter term fluvial erosion is highly variable over time and distance. The surface exposure age data reflect differential incision along the length of the Chandra River over millennial time frames, illustrate the variances that are possible in Himalayan river incision, and highlight the complexity of Himalayan environments. 相似文献
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Apatite fission‐track (FT) and (U–Th)/He analyses are used to constrain the low‐temperature thermal history of the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountains (SGM and SBM), which are part of the southern California Transverse Ranges. FT ages from 33 SGM samples range from 3 to 64 Ma. Helium ages, ranging from 3 to 43 Ma, were obtained from 13 of these samples: all of the He ages are the same or younger than their respective FT ages. FT ages from 10 SBM samples were older, ranging from 45 to 90 Ma. The FT and He data document at least three phases of cooling in the SGM, but only two in the SBM. Prior to ~7 Ma, the thermal history of the SGM appears to have been nearly identical to many of the core complexes in the Basin and Range of south‐eastern California: a major phase of cooling is indicated from ~60 to 40 Ma, with a more recent phase beginning at ~23 Ma and continuing until ~10 Ma. The similarity of this timing to that of core complexes suggests that the SGM also originated as a core complex, when the rocks were adjacent to the Chocolate–Orocopia Mountains, and that some of the range‐bounding faults were initially extensional. In the SBM, the two phases of cooling documented by the FT data occurred from ~65 to 55 Ma, and from ~18 Ma to the present. The timing on the second phase is very poorly constrained and, therefore, we do not speculate on the origin of the SBM. The most recent phase of cooling appears to have begun at ~7 Ma in the SGM, as the result of the onset of contractional deformation. A more accelerated phase of cooling may have begun at ~3 Ma. Distinct variations in the total amounts and rates of cooling between different fault‐bounded blocks within the SGM are documented since 7 Ma. We use these variations in cooling rates to calculate denudation rates, which are then compared to topographic characteristics for each structural block. These comparisons suggest that more rapid bedrock uplift in the eastern and southern part of the range has strongly affected the present‐day physiography. Despite a higher mean elevation, the SBM are much less dissected than the SGM, suggesting that the most recent phase of cooling and bedrock uplift began in the last 3 Myr, much later than the initiation of recent bedrock uplift in the SGM. 相似文献
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Evolution of mountain landscapes is controlled by dynamic interactions between erosional processes that vary in efficiency over altitudinal domains. Evaluation of spatial and temporal variations of individual erosion processes can augment our understanding of factors controlling relief and geomorphic development of alpine settings. This study tests the application of detrital apatite (U‐Th)/He thermochronology (AHe) to evaluate variable erosion in small, geologically complex catchments. Detrital grains from glacial and fluvial sediment in a single basin were dated and compared with a bedrock derived age‐elevation relationship to estimate spatial variation in erosion over different climate conditions in the Teton Range, Wyoming. Controls and pitfalls related to apatite quality and yield were fully evaluated to assess this technique. Probability density functions comparing detrital age distributions identify variations in erosional patterns between glacial and fluvial systems and provide insight into how glacial, fluvial, and hillslope processes interact. Similar age distributions representing erosion patterns during glacial and interglacial times suggest the basin may be approaching steady‐state. This also implies that glaciers are limited and no longer act as buzzsaws or produce relief. However, subtle differences in erosional efficiency do exist. The high frequency of apatite cooling ages from high altitudes represents either rapid denudation of peaks and ridges by mass wasting or an artifact of sample quality. A gap in detrital ages near the mean age, or mid‐altitude, indicates the fluvial system is presently transport limited by overwhelming talus deposits. This study confirms that sediment sources can be traced in small basins with detrital AHe dating. It also demonstrates that careful consideration of mineral yield and quality is required, and uniform erosion assumptions needed to extract basin thermal history from detrital ages are not always valid. 相似文献
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本文研究了三元体系ＭｇＳＯ４—ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２—Ｈ２Ｏ（Ⅰ）和Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２─ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２—Ｈ２Ｏ（Ⅱ）在３０℃的相平衡，测定了饱和溶液溶解度及其折光指数，绘制了相应的溶度图和折光指数─组成关系图。两个体系均为简单共饱型。溶度曲线及折光指数曲线均由两支组成，分别与ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ（Ⅰ）或Ｍｇ（ＮＯ２）２·６Ｈ２Ｏ（Ⅱ）和ＣＨ２ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２相对应。共饱点的组成分别为（Ⅰ）中ＭｇＳｏ４２７．３５％，ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２ ４．７％；（Ⅰ）中Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２４２．７５％，ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２１２．２４％。这项工作对开发缓释肥料具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Cécile Gautheron Nicolas Espurt Jocelyn Barbarand Martin Roddaz Patrice Baby Stéphane Brusset Laurent Tassan‐Got Eric Douville 《Basin Research》2013,25(4):419-435
Although the structure of the central Peruvian Subandean zone is well defined, the timing of thrust‐related exhumation and Cenozoic sedimentation remain poorly constrained. In this study, we report new apatite (U–Th)/He (AHe) and fission track (AFT) ages from thrust‐belt and foreland strata along three published balanced cross sections. AHe data from the northern, thick‐skinned domain (i.e. Shira Mountain, Otishi Cordillera and Ucayali Basin) show young AHe ages (ranging from 2.6 ± 0.2 to 13.1 ± 0.8 Ma) compared with AFT ages (ranging from 101 ± 5 to 133 ± 11 Ma). In the southern Camisea Basin, where deformation is mainly thin‐skinned, AHe and AFT ages have been both reset and show young cooling ages (3.7 ± 0.8 Ma and 8 ± 2 Ma respectively). Using low‐temperature thermochronology data and the latest fission track annealing and He diffusion codes, the thermal history of the study area has been reconstructed using inverse modelling. This history includes two steps of erosion: Early Cretaceous and late Neogene, but only Neogene sedimentation and exhumation varies in the different sectors of the study area. From a methodological point of view, large AHe data dispersion point to the need for refinement of AHe damage and annealing models. The influence of grain chemistry on damage annealing, multiple age components and the possibility of fission tracks as traps for He need further consideration. For the central Peruvian Subandes, AHe and AFT ages combined with balanced cross sections emphasize the dominant control of Paleozoic inheritance rather than climate on Cenozoic infilling and exhumation histories. Finally, our data provide the first field example of how thick‐skinned thrust‐related deformation and exhumation in the Subandes can be directly dated through AHe thermochronology. 相似文献