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1.
Static and dynamic lateral load tests were carried out on model aluminium single piles embedded in soft clay to study its
bending behaviour. Model aluminium piles with length to diameter ratios of 10, 20, 30 and 40 were used. Static lateral load
tests were conducted on piles by rope and pulley arrangement upto failure and load–deflection curves were obtained. Dynamic
lateral load tests were carried out for different magnitudes of load ranging from 7 to 30 N at wide range of frequencies from
2 to 50 Hz. The load transferred to the pile, pile head displacement and the strain variation along the pile length were measured
using a Data Acquisition System. Safe static lateral load capacity for all piles is interpreted from load–deflection curves.
Dynamic characteristics of the soil–pile system were arrived from the acquired experimental data. The soil–pile system behaves
predominantly in nonlinear fashion even at low frequency under dynamic load. The displacement amplitude under dynamic load
is magnified by 4.5–6.5 times the static deflection for all piles embedded in soft clay. But, the peak magnification factor
reduces with an increase in the magnitude of lateral load mainly because of increase of hysteretic damping at very soft consistency.
The maximum BM occurs at the fundamental frequency of the soil–pile system. Even the lower part of the pile affects the pile
head response to the inertial load applied at the pile head. The maximum dynamic BM is magnified by about 1.5 times the maximum
static BM for model piles in tested consistency of clay. The maximum dynamic BM occurs at a depth of about 1.5 times the depth
of maximum static BM for model piles, which indicates an increase of active pile length under dynamic load. 相似文献
2.
A new kind of composite pile named Concrete-cored DCM (Deep-Cement-Mixing) pile is introduced for supporting medium loads
in soft clay ground. This composite pile is composed of an inner precast concrete pile and an external DCM pile socket, where
the high strength concrete pile is designed to bear the load of building, and DCM pile socket acts to transfer axial force
into the surrounding soils by skin frictions. In this paper we introduce its application in soft ground, and tentatively investigated
its bearing capacity and settlement using static loading tests and Finite Element Method. Our study indicates that concrete-cored
DCM pile acts as a friction pile and is an economical and effective method for settlement control and capacity improvement
in soft clay ground. This study is also valuable for research on the mechanism of other composite piles.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
Dynamic experiments were carried out on instrumented model aluminium single piles embedded in clay of different consistencies to study its bending behaviour under lateral loads. Piles with different length to diameter ratios were used. Dynamic lateral load of different magnitudes ranging from 7 to 30 N at wide range of frequencies from 2 to 50 Hz were applied. The load transferred to the pile, pile head displacement and the strain variation along the pile length were measured using a dedicated data acquisition system. Static lateral load tests were also performed to investigate the magnification of dynamic response of piles in clay. It is found that the maximum bending moment due to dynamic load is magnified by about 1.5–4 times in comparison to the static load for short piles but about 9 times for long piles. Depth of fixity and effective pile length is also largely amplified under dynamic loads, thus indicating that a pile which behaves as a flexible pile under static load, may not exhibit flexible behaviour under dynamic load. 相似文献
4.
重复荷载下模型支盘桩工程性状的试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为研究在粉黏土中支盘桩在重复加载下的工程性状,在粉黏土中进行一次加载试验,测出其极限承载力,分别对一个双盘模型支盘桩在其极限荷载和0.75倍极限荷载的条件下各进行了5次重复加载卸载试验。根据试验结果,分析了在该土层中支盘桩的承载力和变形特性,研究了重复荷载作用下模型支盘桩在粉黏土中荷载传递的特点、桩身不同位置压力变化的特点,特别是对桩周土体对桩侧表面产生的摩擦力出现复杂变化的原因进行了分析,同时还分析了离盘不同距离的土体在重复加载过程中的压力变化情况和原因。研究结果表明,不同强度的荷载重复作用下对桩的沉降变形的收敛影响很大;支盘桩和桩周土体的相互作用机制十分复杂,因此要充分认识支盘桩在重复荷载作用下的工程性状和荷载传递机制还要做大量地研究。 相似文献
5.
Often pile load carrying capacity is derived from friction between pile and the surrounding soil. This magnitude of friction
mobilised, in the main, depends on pile material, properties of the soil and method of construction. In terms of construction,
piles may be either pre-formed or cast in situ. Cast in situ piles are formed by boring a hole and filling it with concrete.
It is envisaged that water and both calcium and hydroxyl ions migrate from the fresh concrete to the surrounding soil and
have an impact on soil properties. An experimental study was undertaken to examine the extent of soil (Oxford clay) around
the pile was affected by fresh concrete. Time related study included load tests on model piles. The investigation showed that
there was about 4% increase in the moisture content of the surrounding soil soon after fresh concrete was placed and with
time this dissipated. It showed that there was an increase in both hydroxyl and calcium ions in the vicinity of the pile.
These also affected the adhesion factor, which increased with time to a limiting value. Time related tests showed that there
was a small increase in pile load capacity with time. 相似文献
6.
轴向荷载对斜桩水平承载特性影响试验及理论研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
斜群桩受水平荷载作用时,群桩中的基桩受到径向荷载、轴向荷载和弯矩的共同作用。为研究轴向荷载对斜桩水平承载特性的影响,完成了3根单桩以及1组1×2斜桩的大尺寸模型试验。试验结果表明：轴向拉力作用会降低斜桩的水平刚度和极限承载力;而轴向压力作用则会使其水平刚度和极限承载力提高。基于桩侧浅层土体楔形破坏假定,推导了考虑轴向荷载影响的斜桩水平极限土抗力计算公式,提出了桩侧土抗力的p-y曲线方法,并通过模型试验及现场试验验证其合理性。 相似文献
7.
能量桩是将地源热泵系统中的换热管埋置在桩体内部,桩同时起到承载和换热的作用,是一种新型的基础型式。为了合理分析黏土地基中能量桩的力学特性,需要了解能量桩运行过程中桩和地基土的温度响应,并考虑温度变化对土体力学性能的影响。基于有限元软件ABAQUS建立了能量桩传热分析三维有限元模型,把能量桩的传热简化为换热管内液体与管壁之间的对流传热、桩体中的热传导和地基中的热传导,将计算结果与常规理论和实测数据进行了对比验证。对热力耦合边界面本构模型进行了二次开发,通过算例验证了模型对土体压缩和剪切性状温度效应的模拟能力。利用所提出的能量桩传热分析方法和热边界面模型,考虑不同的桩顶工作荷载水平,对正常固结黏土地基中能量桩单桩的长期性能进行了研究,分析了温度循环对桩顶沉降、桩侧摩阻力和桩身轴力的影响。结果表明,工作荷载越高,温度循环次数越多,桩顶累积沉降越大。 相似文献
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非均质地基中群桩竖向荷载沉降关系分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用剪切位移法计算了桩轴向荷载传递因子。对于桩端采用线性的荷载传递函数,推导了基于弹塑性模型的单桩竖向荷载沉降的解析解。分析过程中考虑了土体强度沿深度线性变化的特性和桩土间的滑移现象,因此更符合大部分土体的实际性状。在此基础上,建立了考虑桩土滑移的桩-桩相互作用系数的计算公式,并将上述方法应用于群桩的分析,获得了群桩的荷载沉降特性。该分析方法克服了目前应用较多的弹性理论方法夸大桩土相互作用的缺点,单桩和群桩的荷载沉降曲线的分析结果和实测数据吻合,证明了该方法的合理性。 相似文献
11.
针对纵截面异形桩（扩底桩和楔形桩）、等混凝土用量常规等直径桩的水平向承载特性进行对比模型试验研究,测得不同水平荷载等级下扩底桩和楔形桩的内力、变形、极限承载力和桩侧土压力分布等变化规律特性;初步探讨3种桩型的水平极限承载特性和桩侧土压力分布规律。考虑纵向截面异形效应,基于水平土抗力与水平位移（p-y）曲线法建立纵截面异形桩水平向承载特性理论计算方法,进一步分析弯矩分布规律,并开展影响因素分析。研究结果表明,在当前试验条件下,等混凝土用量楔形桩的水平向承载力比等直径桩的高,砂性土和黏性土中楔形桩水平向极限承载力约分别为等直径桩的1.25倍和1.33倍。相关研究成果可为今后类似土层下水平受荷纵截面异形桩的设计与计算提供参考依据。 相似文献
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桩-土相互作用问题是岩土工程桩基础问题的关键点与难点,目前针对桩身在循环温度荷载与上覆结构荷载双重作用下的能源桩承载特性研究较少。在传统理想弹塑性模型及双曲线模型的基础上,采用分段非线性的方法对桩-土荷载传递骨干曲线进行了修正,并基于Masing’s循环准则,提出了适用于能源桩的桩-土荷载传递模型。利用改进的桩-土荷载传递模型对能源桩承载特性进行数值分析,着重研究了桩-土荷载传递参数比R对能源桩受力情况的影响。此外,为了探究在上覆结构荷载及循环温度荷载双重作用下,能源桩与周围土体之间的真实荷载传递关系及其结构热力学特性,开展了针对能源桩与周围土体之间相互作用问题的室内模型试验,监测了其桩身轴向应力及侧摩阻力随温度及深度变化的趋势,并与基于改进荷载传递模型的数值计算结果进行了对比。室内模型试验监测及数值计算结果显示：能源桩在上覆结构荷载及温度循环荷载双重作用下,其受力行为受改进的桩-土荷载传递循环曲线控制;基于改进的桩-土荷载传递循环曲线而建立的数值模型计算结果与试验结果基本吻合,改进的桩-土荷载传递模型能够较好发地反映能源桩实际的承载特性。 相似文献
14.
考虑沉桩效应对桩周土体力学特性的影响,采用指数函数型荷载传递曲线分别建立了静压桩的桩侧和桩端荷载传递模型。在此基础上,根据群桩加载过程中桩周土体的变形模式,基于荷载传递法描述桩-土界面的非线性行为,采用剪切位移法考虑群桩之间的相互作用,提出了考虑沉桩效应的群桩非线性荷载-沉降混合计算方法。通过开展离心模型试验对该计算方法解答进行了验证,研究了沉桩效应和桩-土界面非线性特征对群桩承载特性的影响。研究结果表明,沉桩效应对桩周土体起到挤密作用,使得桩周土体的强度和刚度增大,从而提高了群桩的承载特性。群桩加载过程中桩-土界面刚度随沉降变形而逐渐减小,使得群桩荷载-沉降曲线呈现出明显的非线性特征。 相似文献
15.
依据某工程中采用桩底注浆和没有注浆的2根试桩的单桩竖向抗压静荷载试验结果,通过对基桩的竖向极限承载力性状、桩身轴力传递特性以及桩侧阻力发挥特性和桩端阻力发挥特性的综合分析研究,揭示了桩底注浆对基桩承载性状的影响情况。 相似文献
16.
A variational approach for the analysis of vertical deformation of pile groups is presented. The method assumes that the deformation of piles can be represented by a finite series. The method applies the principle of minimum potential energy to determine the deformation of piles. Using this method, an analytical solution for pile groups in soil modelled by the theoretical load–transfer curves can be obtained rigorously. Analysis of field tests indicates that the method can predict the performance of pile groups reasonably well. 相似文献
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为了研究软岩地基桥桩的荷载传递性状、破坏机理,并获取在该地质条件下更为可靠的桩基计算参数,对秦巴山区软岩地基3根钻孔灌注试桩进行竖向静载试验。结果表明：秦巴山区软岩地基桥桩试桩荷载沉降曲线呈陡降型,实测竖向极限承载力为20 500kN,桩的破坏方式为桩身材料强度破坏;淤泥质亚黏土地层中的碎石起到一定的骨架作用,增强了此地层桩极限侧阻力,发挥极限侧阻力所需的桩土（岩）相对位移为4～8mm;强风化砾岩表现为加工软化型,发挥极限侧阻力所需的桩土（岩）相对位移为3～8mm;中风化砂砾岩表现为明显的加工硬化型,所需的桩岩相对位移大,且桩极限侧阻力的特征点不明显;淤泥质亚黏土地层桩侧阻力占总荷载的60%～70%,随着桩顶荷载的逐步加大,该地层桩侧阻力所占比例不断下降,而嵌岩段桩侧阻力所占比例逐渐上升,达到55%～65%,嵌岩段桩侧阻力沿桩深的分布曲线表现出非线性的特征;试桩为端承摩擦桩,桩端阻力约占桩顶荷载的20%左右,且未充分发挥,在上部结构允许的沉降范围内,适当增加桩端的沉降有利于端阻力的发挥;桩侧阻力先于端阻力发挥,建议单桩承载力设计时分别采用不同的端阻力和侧阻力安全系数。 相似文献
19.
The laboratory model tests and numerical analyses have been performed on reinforced granular piles installed in very soft clay. The granular piles were reinforced with geosynthetic in the form of vertical encasement, horizontal strips and combined vertical-horizontal reinforcement. The short term-displacement control model tests were carried out either only a granular pile loaded or with an entire area loaded. The laboratory results in the form of vertical load intensity-settlement behaviour were compared with that obtained from FEM software, PLAXIS 3D. The results indicated significant improvement in ultimate load intensity and stiffness of treated ground due to inclusion of geosynthetic. 相似文献
20.
列车动荷载下桩网结构路基土拱效应试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过三维模型试验研究了列车动荷载作用下的土拱效应。试验结果表明,动荷载作用下土拱效应依然有效,随着填土的增高,土拱效应在增强,土工格栅的存在可以增强土拱效应的作用。但动荷载条件下动应力的分布与自重条件下的应力分布截然不同。动荷载作用下土拱效应会发生退化,表现为动荷载施加过程中先前由桩所承担的部分动应力会转移至桩间土;完成动荷载施加后,最初由桩承担的部分自重荷载也会转移至桩间土。填土高度和土工格栅对于动荷载作用下土拱的稳定性有很大的影响,但当高度达到一定值之后,填土高度的影响就可忽略,土工格栅的存在使得土拱效应的削弱程度减小了一半。 相似文献