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1.
LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年得出花岗闪长斑岩的成岩年龄为(168±1)Ma(中侏罗世),属燕山期岩浆活动产物。岩石地球化学特征显示岩石为准铝质-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列,富集Ba、K、Sr,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti,δEu异常不明显,属Ⅰ型花岗岩,岩浆来源于地壳部分熔融。综合区域同时代火成岩构造演化背景,认为该矿床形成于古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲下的火山弧环境。  相似文献   

2.
对延边地区棉田花岗闪长岩岩体进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学以及Hf同位素的研究, 以便对其岩石成因和古太平洋板块俯冲作用的开始时间给予制约.棉田岩体主要由花岗闪长岩和次要的花岗岩组成, 花岗闪长岩中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明, 该岩体形成于早侏罗世(177±2 Ma, MSWD=1.13).在地球化学研究方面, 它们属于高钾钙碱性-钙碱性系列, A/CNK值介于0.88~1.12之间, 属准铝质, 为I型花岗岩, 并且明显富集大离子亲石元素(如K、Ba、Rb)、轻稀土元素(LREE)以及Th、U, 相对亏损高场强元素(如Ta、Nb、Ti、P).岩石的εHf(t)值和二阶段模式年龄(TDM2)分别介于±8.72~±12.28和437~663 Ma之间.结果表明, 岩体的原始岩浆源于新增生陆壳的部分熔融.综合区域同时代火成岩的研究成果, 认为棉田花岗闪长岩岩体形成于古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲下的火山弧环境.   相似文献   

3.
华北克拉通东部中生代期间受到古太平洋板块俯冲并引发一系列的构造-岩浆-成矿作用,但古太平洋俯冲作用开始的具体时限仍未有定论。本文对辽西兴城地区中生代药王庙-磨盘山岩体进行了系统的岩相学研究、锆石U-Pb同位素定年、全岩地球化学和锆石原位Hf同位素测试分析,结果显示,花岗质岩石中岩浆成因锆石加权平均年龄为193~186 Ma,岩体侵位于早侏罗世;岩石组合为石英二长岩-花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩-正长花岗岩;岩石全碱含量较高,属准铝-弱过铝质、高钾钙碱性系列,具有与Ⅰ型花岗岩类似的岩石地球化学特征;岩石相对富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素K、Pb等,而相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti等及P元素;岩浆成因锆石εHf(t)值为-12.94~-7.39,Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄为2.05~1.69 Ga,其初始岩浆可能来源于古老地壳的部分熔融并可能有幔源物质的参与。辽西兴城地区早侏罗世花岗岩岩石组合、岩石地球化学特征和与俯冲作用有关的活动陆缘花岗岩特征类似,岩石形成于古太平洋俯冲作用导致的活动陆缘构造背景下,结合区域研究资料,认为古太平洋对华北克拉通东部的俯冲作用开始于晚三叠世—早侏罗世,而早侏罗世花岗质岩浆活动是古太平洋板块对华北克拉通俯冲作用的响应。  相似文献   

4.
石人嶂钨矿区发育的角闪辉长岩与钨矿密切共生,研究该矿区对认识粤北地区区域地质演化、深部岩浆信息以及区域基性岩与成钨作用关系研究意义重大,但到目前为止,尚未开展相关系统的研究。文章报道了角闪辉长岩的锆石和磷灰石U-Pb年代学、地球化学资料。磷灰石U-Pb年龄指示角闪辉长岩的结晶年龄为(171±14) Ma,形成于燕山早期晚阶段古太平洋板块俯冲背景下的岩石圈伸展的构造环境,其中,锆石为捕获锆石,具有3组年龄,分别记录了区域古元古代陆核增生,新元古代古华南板块的聚合和裂解,早中生代华南板块与华北板块,印支地块聚合的后造山伸展等多起构造事件。角闪辉长岩具有低Si、K、Mn,高Ca、Fe、Mg、Na、Ti的特征,富集Rb、Ta、Zr、Ti等,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、Hf、Be、Cs、U、Th等元素,表明其源区具有E-MORB型富集地幔的属性。角闪辉长岩的形成主要受控于软流圈地幔的部分熔融。同时,由于角闪辉长岩的高氧逸度的特征及其较石人嶂钨矿成矿更早,角闪辉长岩的存在可能主要是为后期的钨矿化的叠加提供部分Ca、Fe等元素,并为富矿流体的运移提供通道。  相似文献   

5.
冈底斯南缘发育的早侏罗世岩浆岩对于讨论新特提斯洋早期的俯冲消减演化具有重要约束意义.在详尽地野外地质调查工作基础上,本次研究对唐加地区辉长岩进行了 LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩地球化学组成的研究.结果表明,唐加辉长岩形成于早侏罗世(183.9±0.9 Ma);样品w(SiO2)(46.77%~48.48%)较低,较高的w(MgO)含量(平均为7.71%),Mg#为 42.0~67.6.此外,轻稀土元素富集[(La/Yb)N = 4.33~12.02,具有略右倾的配分模式和弱的Eu异常(δEu=0.69~0.79);富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素(Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf,Ti).综合区域数据全面分析,认为唐加早侏罗世辉长岩可能为新特提斯洋北向俯冲消减的背景下典型的岛弧岩石,是俯冲流体交代地幔楔部分熔融的产物.  相似文献   

6.
《地学前缘》2017,(6):46-59
为约束多藏角闪辉长岩的岩石成因和南祁连北缘东段晚奥陶世的构造演化,对多藏角闪辉长岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和矿物化学分析。结果表明,角闪辉长岩中锆石具条痕状吸收和高的Th/U比值(0.37~1.16),暗示其岩浆成因。岩浆锆石的206Pb/238 U定年结果为(444±3)Ma,表明多藏角闪辉长岩形成于晚奥陶世,两组捕获锆石的年龄为520 Ma和484 Ma,代表早期的岩浆事件。多藏岩体具相对低的SiO_2含量(51.68%~55.66%)和高的MgO(4.48%~7.37%)、TiO_2(1.01%~1.24%)、FeO~T(7.99%~8.72%)含量以及高的Mg#值(53~63);LREEs相对富集、HREEs相对亏损,(La/Yb)N=4.03~7.89,具有弱的Eu异常(δEu=0.78~1.16),富集LILEs(Rb、Ba、K)、亏损HFSEs(Nb、Ta),具Sr、P、Ti元素的亏损。结合矿物化学分析表明,南祁连北缘东段多藏角闪辉长岩起源于受俯冲流体交代的富集岩石圈地幔物质的部分熔融,形成于洋-洋汇聚向洋-陆碰撞转换背景下俯冲大洋板片断离后的伸展构造环境。  相似文献   

7.
孟恩  刘福来  施建荣  蔡佳 《岩石学报》2013,29(2):421-436
本文对辽东南丹东地区部分原定前震旦纪侵入岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究,以便对其岩石成因和区域构造演化给予制约.详细的岩石学和岩相学研究表明,四个侵入岩体岩性分别为二长花岗岩、角闪石黑云母二长花岗岩、黑云母二长花岗岩和角闪辉长岩.所选样品中锆石均呈半自形-自形晶形、阴极发光图像显示具有成分生长环带或条痕状吸收特点,结合其高的Th/U比值(0.53 ~2.40)和亏损轻稀土元素(LREEs)、相对富集重稀土元素(HREEs)以及负Eu异常和正Ce异常等特征,表明其典型岩浆成因特点.锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,它们均形成于早白垩世(峰期为126Ma).岩石学和地球化学分析结果显示,研究区早白垩世侵入岩具有双峰式岩浆作用特点,其中花岗质岩石SiO2=66.99%~73.13%,K2O=3.52%~4.67%,K2O/Na2O=1.01~1.43,MgO=0.45%~2.61%,Mg#值为29~56,Al2O3=13.97% ~ 14.92%,富集LREEs和大粒子亲石元素(LILEs),亏损HREEs和高场强元素(HFSEs),暗示其具有I型花岗岩特点,岩浆应起源于下地壳的部分熔融;而角闪辉长岩SiO2=50.22%,MgO=10.61%,Mg#值为69,Cr(196×10-6)、Co(44.8×10-6)、Ni(73.4×10-6)含量较高,富集LREEs和LILEs,亏损HREEs和Nb、Ta、Ti等HFSEs,暗示其岩浆应起源于受俯冲流体交代的岩石圈地幔楔.结合区域地质资料表明,辽东南丹东地区早白垩世侵入岩应形成于类似弧后盆地的伸展环境,其形成应与古太平洋板块北西向向欧亚大陆之下的俯冲作用相联系.  相似文献   

8.
玉什喀腊岩体位于新疆西准噶尔北部,西伯利亚板块与准噶尔板块交界的板块缝合带中,岩石类型由辉长岩、角闪辉长岩、闪长岩和石英闪长岩组成,它们侵入于中泥盆统蕴都喀拉组中。根据LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果,角闪辉长岩的年龄为(364±1)Ma,代表了该岩体的形成年龄。锆石的εHf(t)值变化范围为4.3~11.5,加权平均值为(9.0±1.2),显示其原岩来源于地幔物质,其一阶段Hf模式年龄TDM1为529~827 Ma(平均值为(629±95)Ma),指示其原岩为寒武-早寒武基底。根据野外地质关系和地球化学特征推断玉什喀腊岩体形成于岛弧环境或活动陆缘环境,在西准噶尔西北部地区,于晚泥盆世发育岛弧岩浆作用,洋陆俯冲事件己基本结束,指示古亚洲洋闭合时间不早于364 Ma。  相似文献   

9.
西涝口金矿是胶莱盆地北东缘新近取得找矿突破的蚀变岩型金矿,金矿体主要赋存于古元古界荆山群与牧牛山二长花岗岩之间的构造破碎带中。前期在其深部新发现的角闪辉长岩脉中,通过人工重砂分选,获得了自然金。为探索其与金成矿的关系,文章对其进行了主量、微量元素、锆石U-Pb年代学以及Hf同位素研究。主量、微量元素分析结果表明,角闪辉长岩属钾玄岩岩石系列,全碱、Ba、Sr、轻稀土元素含量高,Rb、P和重稀土元素含量相对较低,无铕异常或有轻微的正铕异常,明显亏损Nb、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,具有富集大离子亲石元素与轻稀土元素、亏损高场强元素与重稀土元素的地球化学特征,类似于富闪深成岩。锆石Hf同位素结果显示,其岩浆锆石的εHft)为-14.0~-11.8,暗示其来源于富集地幔源区或存在源区混染的可能性。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果显示,角闪辉长岩年龄为(108.4±2.2)Ma,属早白垩世晚期,明显晚于郭家岭、伟德山序列岩体。综上,笔者认为西涝口金矿角闪辉长岩形成于俯冲板片脱水而导致上覆地幔楔部分熔融,其成因可能与古太平洋板块向华北板块俯冲所形成的火山弧有关,其与该区金成矿过程密切相关,极有可能在成矿过程中直接提供了金的来源。西涝口金矿的形成时代应当在110 Ma左右,胶东东部应该存在110 Ma的金成矿事件。  相似文献   

10.
班公湖-怒江中特提斯洋的俯冲极性和俯冲时间一直存在争议。作者通过野外地质调查、岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学及岩石地球化学研究,从西藏班公湖蛇绿混杂岩带中识别出一套早白垩世SSZ型蛇绿岩,岩石组合上主要由辉长岩和玄武岩组成,还有少量的硅质岩和超基性岩。本文对辉长岩进行了全岩主、微量元素地球化学及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究。地球化学组成特征显示,辉长岩富集轻稀土元素,重稀土元素平坦,相对富集大离子亲石元素,高场强元素存在一定亏损;Th/Ta比值与岛弧玄武岩相似(Th/Ta1.6),Ta/Hf比值较高(0.1),显示其既保留了俯冲环境的地球化学特征,也提供了伸展构造环境的信息。辉长岩中锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为129.2±0.4 Ma(MSWD=0.36),该年龄是班公湖-怒江缝合带中迄今报道的最年轻蛇绿岩年龄。结合区域地质背景,认为这套蛇绿岩形成于班公湖-怒江古洋盆西段向南俯冲形成的弧前盆地,而班公湖-怒江古洋盆北向俯冲可能始于早侏罗世,晚侏罗世形成双向俯冲格局,直到早白垩世洋盆关闭,晚白垩世进入陆内构造环境。  相似文献   

11.
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.  相似文献   

12.
本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。  相似文献   

13.
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提  相似文献   

14.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

15.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.  相似文献   

16.
本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。  相似文献   

17.
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes.  相似文献   

18.
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources.  相似文献   

19.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床.  相似文献   

20.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率   总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1  
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

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