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基于矿床地质特征,初步分析了江西广昌头陂硅藻土矿床的成因,提出了下一步勘查方向。头陂硅藻土矿赋存于新近系头陂组上段,呈层状和似层状,平面上呈面型展布并延伸至矿段外。上部矿层以圆筛藻属硅藻为主,下部矿层以羽纹目硅藻为优势。新近纪以来,头陂淡水湖泊盆地在温暖、湿润气候条件下,硅藻快速繁殖生长;中新世中晚期以来,盆地外围大面积的铝硅酸盐岩化学风化作用和少量火山灰飘落于水体中为硅藻土形成提供物质条件;硅藻死亡后,其硅质骨骸则保存下来形成硅藻淤泥,经过初步成岩后,便形成了硅藻土层。头陂地区硅藻土矿找矿标志为新近纪新地层和水平层理发育的浅色沉积岩。 相似文献
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分布于雷州半岛南部火山湖盆及火山岩洼地内的田洋组,是第四纪中更新世晚期至晚更新世早-中期沉积的一套内陆湖相地层体,以富含硅藻为主要特征.其岩性组合下部由粘土质硅藻土、含粘土硅藻土和硅藻土组成,中部以含硅藻粘土和硅藻质粘土为主,上部为粘土质硅藻土和硅藻土.就单个湖盆而言,其岩性组合变化不大,不同的湖盆,岩性组合略有差异.沉积厚度以湖盆或洼地中心最厚,往边缘逐渐变薄.岩相变化自下而上由深湖亚相→浅湖亚相→滨湖亚相转变.由于田洋组在沉积过程中所具备的特殊地理地质环境,大量硅藻在湖泊富营养的水环境中生存、繁殖和死亡,从而形成了大厚度由硅藻遗骸堆积而成的硅藻土矿,其硅藻含量一般为60%～80%,最高达90%,总储量约215.8×106t,具有良好的开发利用前景. 相似文献
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长白县虎洞沟一带位于中国东北吉林省的长白山西南麓一带,大地构造位置位于华北陆块,龙岗(吉南)陆块及其北缘陆缘活动带.通过对虎洞沟硅藻土矿床的矿体特征、矿石质量及硅藻类型研究显示,该地区的硅藻土形成于新近纪中新世,矿体总体产状近于水平,矿体顶板倾角一般为0°～4°,底板倾角一般为0°～5°.矿层在含矿层(N1m4)中,垂直方向具有明显韵律,推测是以生物沉积为主、机械沉积为辅的淡水湖泊相沉积.矿体的空间形态、分布受湖盆的古地理形态控制,凹处矿层变厚,凸起处矿层变薄,边缘处矿层尖灭.火山喷发物中的SiO2为硅藻的生长提供了丰富的物质来源,同时玄武岩盖层对硅藻土矿起到良好保护作用. 相似文献
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四川沐川黄丹石英砂岩工艺矿物学研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
针对沐川黄丹石英砂岩选矿提纯工艺,采用多种岩矿现代测试分析方法,对该矿工艺矿物学进行研究,结果表明:该矿为一种硅泥质中粒含长石石英砂岩,石英碎屑粒径范围0.2mm～0.5mm;原矿以石英为主,结晶度高,含量90%左右,同时含少量或微量其它杂质矿物,它们是蒙脱石、伊利石、高岭石、微斜长石和方解石,以及黄铁矿、水铁矾、金红石、板钛矿等;对矿石质量影响较大是粘土矿物和黄铁矿,它们以粒间填隙物无序散布于石英颗粒之间;原矿w(SiO2)/%为94.02,w(Al2O3)3.88%,w(K2O)1.28%,w(CaO)0.18%等有害成分赋存于蒙脱石、伊利石、高岭石、微斜长石和方解石等矿物中;w(Fe2O3)0.09%主要赋存于黄铁矿中,也有部分来源于水铁矾和粘土矿物。 相似文献
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雷州半岛硅藻土中的硅藻及其化学成分 总被引：4，自引：5，他引：4
本文论述雷州半岛各硅藻土矿床中的硅藻形态和种属。九斗洋和田洋钻孔样品中硅藻种属随深度而变化，由直链藻到了冠盘藻，直到小环藻。总结了对不同种属硅藻的硅质硬过峭同部位的Ｘ射线能谱成分分析和研究结果。 相似文献
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为了给四川沐川黄丹石英砂岩矿的深入评价和低铁石英等高端应用提供科学依据,在前期研究基础上,采用X射线荧光光谱分析（XRF）、X射线粉晶衍射分析（XRD）和扫描电镜-能谱仪（SEM-EDS）等现代岩矿测试分析技术,并采用动态和综合分析以及微区原位分析等方法,对矿石铁质赋存状态进行了深入研究,结果表明：原矿w（Fe2O3）为0.161%左右,变化范围是0.086%～0.272%;矿石的Fe2O3含量与SiO2和粒度大小呈负相关,而与SO3、Al2O3和K2O呈正相关;原矿石英含量〉90%,粒径范围0.2～0.5 mm,其晶体结构中不含类质同象杂质,但其表面存在大小为1～100μm的溶蚀坑,较大者被伊利石粘土所充填;粘土矿物和以黄铁矿为主要含铁矿物的黑色杂质的含量分别约为8%和1%,二者是Fe2O3的主要载体,所贡献的Fe2O3占原矿质量分数分别约为0.076%和0.085%（其中黄铁矿的贡献值为0.050%）。 相似文献
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利用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)和X射线粉晶衍射仪(XRD)等测试分析技术,对四川峨边五渡钾长石矿矿石的组成、结构、粒度和有害成分赋存状态等工艺矿物学特征进行研究,结果表明:头矿(优质原矿)的化学成分ω(B)/％:SiO2 68.31,Al2O3 14.70,Fe2O3 1.19,TiO2 0.30,CaO 0.69,MgO 0.21,K2O 7.40,Na2O 2.97;矿物成分:钾长石43.79％,钠长石25.17％,石英22.66％,粘土矿物8.38％,除Fe2O3超标外,其他化学成分均已达到玻璃工业用标准,水洗和磁选加工后,能够完全达标;二砂三砂(次等原矿)的钾长石(29.35％)和钠长石(22.88％)含量偏低,而石英(37.57％)和粘土矿物(10.20％)含量偏高,通过水洗和酸浸加工,可明显降低Fe2O3含量,但导致有用成分降低,还不能生产出符合玻璃工业用钾长石产品.造成矿石中主要有害成分( Fe2O3)的原因是含有一定数量的黑云母、赤铁矿、绿泥石、角闪石等富铁矿物,而且还与粘土矿物含铁量相对较高有一定关系. 相似文献
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新疆伽师砂岩型铜矿区位于塔里木盆地西北缘柯坪古生代前陆盆地西南，北部以哈拉峻-阿合奇断裂为界，与南天山晚古生代陆缘盆地相邻，是塔里木北缘的一个陆内海盆。砂岩铜矿赋存于一套主要由褐红色-红色砂岩、粉砂岩、砂质泥岩及泥岩组成的红色砂岩建造中，其中夹有浅灰色砂岩层，铜矿化即发育于浅灰色砂岩中。含矿层长3km，厚4-6m，共发现有3条矿体。其中Ⅰ号矿体长650m，厚2．21～5．13m，平均厚度3．93m，Ⅱ号矿体长190m，厚2-4m；Ⅲ号矿体长100m，平均厚度3．37m。通过对矿区的地层、构造，铜矿体的规模、形态、产状的分析认为，古近系的浅灰色钙质砂岩为找矿的最有利层位；孔雀石化的含岩屑钙质细砂岩转石是找矿的直接标志；膏岩建造一般位于含矿层的底部，石膏层为明显的找矿标志。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献