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1.
作为油气地质领域研究的热点和难点,单一研究手段很难理清致密油充注成藏机理和运聚成藏过程.以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组致密油层为例,通过充注物理模拟实验与成岩-成储-成藏过程分析相结合,分析研究致密油运聚成藏过程.芦草沟组烃源岩自晚三叠世（对应的地层中Ro=0.5%）开始进入生油窗,在中侏罗世（对应的地层中Ro=0.7%）进入大量生烃阶段,至今仍处于生油阶段.烃类包裹体研究表明,吉木萨尔凹陷主要有两期成藏,一期在侏罗纪,包裹体均一温度在50~70 ℃;第二期是在白垩纪-古近纪,包裹体均一温度在120 ℃左右.吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组致密储层成岩阶段可划分为三个阶段:①早成岩A期:晚二叠世早期（260 Ma）及之前;②早成岩B期:晚二叠世早期至晚三叠世时期（距今260~220 Ma）;③中成岩A期:晚三叠世至今（220~0 Ma）.根据成岩演化阶段与生烃成藏过程分析,结合致密储层充注模拟实验结论,认为芦草沟组致密油成岩-成储-成藏过程可分为3个阶段:（1）早期储层中-高孔渗条件下低熟油气的充注阶段（晚三叠世之前）;（2）边致密边成藏及改变岩石表面为油润湿性阶段（晚三叠世至早白垩世末期）;（3）芦草沟组致密层中成熟油的持续充注阶段（早白垩世末期至今）.吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组致密油资源潜力大,上甜点体（B段）致密油地质资源量约为4.45×108 t,下甜点体（E段）致密油地质资源量约为7.95×108 t. 相似文献
2.
准噶尔盆地南缘东段是准噶尔盆地油气勘探的重点地区。以成盆、成烃和成藏理论为指导，应用盆地分析、有效烃源岩评价、储层（裂缝）预测、盆地模拟及流体包裹体分析等技术和方法，综合研究分析了准噶尔盆地南缘东段油气成藏条件，预测了油气资源潜力，建立了油气成藏模式。研究结果表明，该区发育上二叠统、中上三叠统和中下侏罗统三套烃源岩。最主要的烃源岩层为上二叠统，是油气资源分布的主要层位；主要储集层为柴窝堡区块的上二叠统和米泉区块的中下三叠统及中下侏罗统，其物性较差，总体为较好含气储层，是主要的勘探目的层。存在自源（侧向排烃）、它源（垂向排烃）两类油气成藏模式。柴窝堡区块北部和米泉区块仍然是有利的油气勘探地区。 相似文献
3.
马朗凹陷的原油类型可以划分为3大类,Ⅰ类原油来自二叠系芦草沟组,Ⅱ类原油来自石炭系哈尔加乌组,Ⅲ类原油为Ⅰ与Ⅱ类原油的混源油。通过断裂活动强度、垂向输导断裂与烃源岩的匹配关系的研究,结合原油含氮化合物的分析资料,分析了马朗凹陷油气的垂向运移特征。研究表明,断层的断裂活动强度控制着油气的垂向运移能力,垂向输导断裂与烃源岩相匹配时,烃源岩生成的油气才能向上运移至上覆地层聚集成藏。二叠系芦草沟组烃源岩厚度中心附近的垂向输导断裂断穿侏罗系,所以,芦草沟组烃源岩生成的Ⅰ类原油可以运移至侏罗系聚集成藏,而石炭系哈尔加乌组烃源岩附近的断裂大都未断至二叠系和侏罗系,所以哈尔加乌组烃源岩生成的Ⅱ类原油未能运移到侏罗系聚集成藏,而主要在石炭系成藏。与断裂输导分析相配合,含氮化合物可以很好示踪油气的垂向运移方向,沿断裂从深层到浅层,原油含氮化合物总浓度逐渐降低,1,8DMC/1,3 DMC或1,8DMC/2,4 DMC值增大。 相似文献
4.
在六盘山盆地新生界清水营组石膏中发现了大量的油气包裹体,而油气包裹体的研究对认识盆地新生界油气成藏条件,拓展盆地油气勘探思路具有重要的意义.通过野外地质调查、样品采集和分析测试等手段对清水营组石膏中油气包裹体的发育特征和组成特征进行研究,并开展油源对比,分析油气包裹体中油气的来源和形成过程,探讨了六盘山盆地新生界油气成藏条件和运聚特征.结果表明:清水营组结晶状石膏中油气包裹体中原油来源于清水营组烃源岩;纤维状石膏脉中油气包裹体原油来源于白垩系马东山组烃源岩.六盘山盆地清水营组泥岩具有生烃潜力,是盆地潜在的烃源岩;白垩系烃源岩生成的油气可以沿着断裂等输导体系向上覆地层运移,并在新生界聚集,沟通白垩系烃源岩断层附近的新生界圈闭是六盘山盆地有利的油气聚集区. 相似文献
5.
川东北地区飞仙关组锗层沥青的来源一直存在争议,以往的认识多是依据地球化学资料,而很少从生烃背景来探讨这一问题.研究应用盆地模拟方法,对川东北地区飞仙关组储层沥青三套可能的烃源岩(下寒武统、下志留统和上二叠统)进行了生油历史与潜力研究.结果表明,下寒武统、下志留统和上二叠统泥质烃源岩的主要生油期分别发生在二叠纪-早三叠世、早-中三叠世和三叠纪末期-早侏罗世.在生油潜力方面,下志留统泥质烃源岩在()个中-晚三叠世期间都具有最大的生油量,占三套烃源岩总生油量的80％～90％.在早侏罗世沉积期, 光地区油源岩以上二叠统泥质烃源岩为主,下志留统泥质烃源岩为辅,仅为总生油强度的10％～20％;而()家寨地区则以下志留统泥质烃源岩为主要油源岩,所占比例仍高达80％左右.考虑到本区中、晚三叠世期间的生油量远大于早侏罗世时期,飞仙关组古油藏原油应该主要来自下志留统泥质烃源岩,上二叠统泥质烃源岩的贡献较小,且在不同地区有所不同.本区下寒武统泥质烃源岩生油时间明显早于飞仙关储层圈闭形成期,不是该区古油藏的有效烃源岩. 相似文献
6.
准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷大油（气）区形成条件与勘探方向研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
准噶尔盆地西北缘玛湖凹陷是全球著名的湖相富烃凹陷,最新勘探成果展示出大油(气)区特征。为及时总结,丰富发展当代中国特色叠合盆地油气地质理论与勘探实践,本文主要分析了这一大油(气)区的基本形成条件与勘探领域。结果表明,玛湖凹陷大油(气)区得以形成主要缘于三大有利基础条件:前陆碱湖优质高效烃源岩、立体输导体系、三类规模有效储层与储盖组合,由此造就油气在充足的烃源条件下,沿立体的输导体系,被三套区域性盖层有效封盖,向着三类规模有效储层,在有利圈闭中运聚成藏,因此油气富集规律可归纳为"源-输控烃、储-盖控藏"。相应,按目的层和圈闭类型形成了三大有利油气成藏领域,由浅至深依次为三叠系下统百口泉组岩性油(气)藏群、二叠系下统风城组致密油、石炭系—下二叠统大构造油气藏群。玛湖凹陷大油(气)区的勘探突破缘于勘探理念创新,具有巨大勘探潜力和基础科学研究意义。 相似文献
7.
合肥盆地石炭系—二叠系具有油气勘探潜力,但研究薄弱。根据盆地中部安参1井石炭系—二叠系储层中流体包裹体的岩相学分析及显微测温,主要讨论了油气运移特征。结果表明,储层石英微裂隙及次生加大边中与油气包裹体伴生的盐水包裹体均一温度主要在145.2~150.2℃,155.6~160℃及169.9~177.9℃等三个温度区间。结合储层埋藏史-热史,发现储层主要经历了3期流体充注,时间在162.1~157.2 Ma之间(晚侏罗世)。通过包裹体冰点的测定,得到每一期流体的盐度特征,结合构造演化、烃源岩发育背景,推测油气主要是在石炭系—二叠系地层内部运移,同时也可能有新元古界、下古生界等深部的热液通过深大断裂运移到石炭系—二叠系,参与了油气的运聚,这在研究区今后的油气成藏研究中需要注意。 相似文献
8.
涟源凹陷属于典型的改造型盆地,是湘中坳陷最有利的含油气凹陷之一。应用流体包裹体分析技术,并结合盆地构造演化和圈闭发育史、烃源岩主要生、排烃史,对改造型盆地涟源凹陷主要目的层石炭系储层中流体包裹体特征及气藏形成时间和期次进行了分析。结果表明,研究区存在两种类型流体包裹体,第一类为单一液相或气/液比小于15%的气液两相盐水包裹体,第二类为气液两相含烃盐水包裹体,单一液相包裹体大小一般3~4μm,其它包裹体大小一般1~7μm;流体包裹体特征反映出该区气藏成藏期有两期,即第一期天然气注入时温度120.8~126.2℃,对应成藏时间为早三叠世,第二期天然气注入时温度154.4~169.7℃,对应成藏时间为晚三叠世,其中主要成藏期为晚三叠世。 相似文献
9.
基于川东北龙岗东地区长兴组-飞仙关组岩石学特征研究,结合储层段白云岩和非储层段海相沉积灰岩及其充填矿物的稀土元素、流体包裹体、激光拉曼等分析,认为该地区二叠系-三叠系地层中存在鞍状白云石-黄铁矿、萤石-石英等热液矿物组合,对应的流体包裹体均一化温度均高于正常地层温度。所有长兴组-飞仙关组储层段白云岩样品均具有与海相沉积灰岩相同的Ce显著正异常特征,而大部分则具有与鞍状白云石相似的REE配分曲线特征,呈显著Eu正异常。热液矿物萤石和石英内普遍具有含沥青包裹体,为龙潭组生油高峰所捕获到的含油包裹体高温裂解后的产物。根据矿物占位关系和油气充注时期,可将该区热液活动划分为两期,第一期对应晚二叠世-早三叠世,作用方式为热液流体对白云岩储层形成的促进作用和后期改造作用;第二期对应晚三叠世,作用方式为鞍状白云石、石英、萤石对储渗空间的充填作用。晚二叠世-早三叠世初期活跃的张性深大断裂可以为热液流体的活动提供运移通道。 相似文献
10.
本文在对冷湖七号油气成藏条件综合分析的基础上,依据构造发育史与烃源岩生、排烃史,结合流体包裹体均一温度,分析了冷湖七号构造油气藏形成期次和过程,总结了东、西2个构造高点的油气成藏模式。研究结果表明:①冷七1井N12层包裹体主要为含烃盐水包裹体和气态烃有机包裹体,其均一温度明显分为60~70℃和110~130℃两个峰值区,对应地质时间分别为N21—N22时期和N2末—现今。结合源岩生、排烃史和构造演化史分析表明N12—N22时期为冷湖七号油气成藏的主要时期;②冷湖七号东高点N21气藏形成机理与模式为:断控同生隆起—单源供烃—不整合、断裂输导—浮力驱动—次生型断裂遮挡油气成藏模式;西高点E3油藏形成机理与模式为:同生隆起—双源供烃—不整合、断裂输导—浮力驱动—残留型原生油藏成藏模式。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
17.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献