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塔河油田盐体覆盖区奥陶系储层发育特征及主控因素研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
塔河盐下地区储层分布特征为奥陶系裂缝发育程度较高，溶蚀孔洞和半-未充填的高角度构造缝、溶蚀缝是本区最主要的储集空间类型．大型洞穴发育程度低于土体区，最主要的储集层类型为孔洞。裂缝型或裂缝-孔洞型储层．该区西部储层发育程度优于东部，本区有利储层多呈近NS条带状（或指状）展布；中下奥陶统上部储层发育程度高于下部；中下奥陶统储层发育程度高于上奥陶统良里塔格纽．控制盐下奥陶系储层发育与展布的主要因素是构造变形作用、加里东中期岩溶和沉积相． 相似文献
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人工裂缝与天然裂缝耦合关系及其开发意义 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
通过野外露头、成像测井、古地磁定向岩心以及岩石差应变测试等资料, 对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组超低渗储集层天然裂缝的发育特征进行了系统研究, 并结合微地震监测资料, 对压裂缝展布规律及其与现今地应力和天然裂缝的关系进行了分析。人工压裂缝与天然裂缝具有较好的耦合作用, 在陕北地区, 由于天然裂缝发育, 岩石的不均一性使得人工压裂缝主要沿着天然缝扩展; 而在陇东地区, 天然裂缝的发育程度相对较差, 压裂缝的延伸方向及其形态主要受现今地应力的控制。因此, 超低渗油田的开发井网部署时, 既要考虑天然裂缝的发育程度, 还应该考虑天然裂缝方位与地应力的匹配关系。 相似文献
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哥伦比亚Ombu区Kc组裂缝描述和地质建模 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
裂缝对改善低渗透碎屑岩储层物性有非常重要的作用,裂缝发育规律和控制因素的研究直接影响着开发方案部署和油藏开发效果。在盆地分析和储层研究基础上,利用层序地层和地质统计学方法,分析了Kc组裂缝与区域构造应力、沉积相和岩性的关系。受区域压扭作用影响,区域上发育北东和北西方向两组影响裂缝的地应力,形成了以北东方向为主的高角度裂缝。不同沉积相带和不同岩性储层裂缝发育也有差异,扇中和扇缘亚相裂缝较扇根亚相发育、砂岩较砾岩裂缝发育。在这种地质认识基础上,建立了裂缝三维地质模型。 相似文献
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渤中25-1低渗透油田地应力分布特征及对开发的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
利用有限元方法, 对渤中25-1低渗透油田现今地应力状态进行数值模拟研究, 并结合低渗透储层地质特征, 分析地应力对油田开发的影响。数值模拟结果表明, 渤中25-1低渗透油田沙二和沙三段的现今地应力为压应力, 以北东东—南西西向为水平最大主应力的主要优势方位, 地应力在平面上受断层、构造起伏和沉积微相控制明显。根据地应力状态, 分析研究区的人工压裂裂缝为垂直裂缝。在远离断层的断块中部, 人工压裂缝的展布方向主要为北东东—南西西方向; 在断层附近, 由于水平最大主应力方向发生偏转, 人工压裂缝的延伸方向也会发生一定偏转, 部署开发井网时需要根据断层附近地应力的实际分布规律进行相应调整。 相似文献
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储层构造裂缝定量预测与油气渗流规律研究现状和进展 总被引：39，自引：0，他引：39
裂缝型油气藏是21世纪石油增储上产的重要领域之一，但裂缝储层本身的复杂性在一定程度上增加了研究难度。从国内外研究现状来看，尚缺乏一个能全面解决构造裂缝定量预测问题的研究方法，对裂缝型油气藏预测及评价研究仍处于探索阶段。储层裂缝研究主要涉及 3个方面的关键内容，即地下裂缝识别、裂缝空间分布预测和裂缝参数定量表征。构造裂缝发育规律、形态特征以及油气等流体渗流规律主要受控于构造应力场和储层岩石物理性质的非均质性。强调构造应力场与岩石力学属性相互作用的研究方法已成为构造裂缝空间定量预测的主流，固体应力场和流体压力场的联合作用构成流体运移的驱动机制。我国拥有相当数量的裂缝储层的地质储量，进行裂缝型油气藏研究与预测，无论对西部还是东部深层油气藏的勘探突破均有深远意义。系统综述了储层裂缝定量研究和预测方法以及裂缝储层油气渗流规律的研究现状。 相似文献
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目前水力压裂是油页岩储层开发的主要技术手段之一,油页岩层理特征的差异对压后裂缝形态起主要影响作用,目前研究大多聚焦在层理发育程度对裂缝扩展的影响,忽略层理厚度本身对水力裂缝扩展的影响。以鄂尔多斯盆地旬邑地区油页岩为研究对象,基于线弹性断裂力学理论,构建应力-损伤-渗流的水力压裂裂缝扩展模型,并采取全局FEM-CZM的数值模拟方法,分析层理厚度、层理间距、地应力场对水力压裂裂缝扩展的影响规律,对比不同影响因素下裂缝的破坏类型、裂缝长度和层理沟通面积。结果表明：(1)层理厚度影响层理面对水力裂缝的拦截能力,在层理厚度较大时,会导致裂缝在层理面上扩展的倾向更强,发生张拉破坏,所对应的裂缝长度和层理沟通面积更大。(2)层理间距影响水力裂缝到达层理面的时间,较小的层理间距水力裂缝会直接穿透层理面,较大的层理间距增加裂缝扩展的阻力,伴随层理间距越大,发生张拉破坏,水力裂缝长度和层理沟通面积越大。(3)地应力场决定水力裂缝扩展方向,垂向地应力差较大时,垂向应力会对层理有压实作用,导致更容易穿透层理面扩展,垂向地应力差较小时,水力裂缝在层理面扩展多发生弯曲、分支情况,所对应裂缝长度和层理沟通面积均增加... 相似文献
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石西油田石炭系潜山火山岩油藏裂缝特征与分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
裂缝的发育情况对石西油田石炭系潜山火山岩油藏的勘探开发有重要作用。综合利用区域地质、岩心、常规测井、成像测井以及生产动态等资料对研究区裂缝特征及分布规律开展综合研究。研究表明:区内裂缝类型分为构造缝、风化缝、溶蚀缝、收缩缝,其中构造缝(剪切缝)和风化缝比较发育,裂缝总体发育规模中等,宽度较大,密度小,间距大;根据成像测井解释及构造解析,认为该区裂缝分为四期,其中海西运动中、晚期为主要的成缝期;裂缝主要受岩性、岩相、构造位置以及古地貌的控制;裂缝在纵向上主要分布在石炭系顶面以下25~150m范围内,在平面上主要位于断裂带附近、潜山构造高部位以及背斜长轴方向。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地克深2气田是克拉苏构造带继克拉2气田和大北气田又一重点勘探领域,构造裂缝对改善该气田低渗透砂岩储层物性具有重要作用。在构造裂缝基本特征分析的基础上,通过建立力学模型,综合古今构造应力场的数值模拟以及构造裂缝参数定量计算模型,对克深2气田的构造裂缝空间分布规律进行了定量预测,最后综合构造裂缝的岩心描述、成像测井解释以及定量预测结果,总结了构造裂缝的分布规律。结果显示,断层带是构造裂缝的有利发育区,多发育充填程度较高的网状缝;背斜高部位的构造裂缝走向复杂,线密度较低,但开度和孔隙度等物性参数较高且充填程度低,整体发育程度较强,背斜翼部及构造低部位的构造裂缝整体发育程度较低;鞍部构造裂缝可密集发育,但较高的充填程度限制了该部位的天然气产量;垂向上随深度增加,构造裂缝线密度逐渐增大而物性参数逐渐减小,构造裂缝的整体发育程度逐渐降低。构造裂缝参数的定量预测结果与实测结果整体上一致,但受多种因素影响,仍然有一定的误差。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献