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江西兴国县地下水中富含偏硅酸,水资源丰富,但对矿泉水资源禀赋等研究相对薄弱,开展该县偏硅酸矿泉水水化学特征和健康功能研究,可为当地发展矿泉水产业、实施乡村振兴战略提供基础支撑。本文应用数理统计、水化学分析、离子比值等多种分析方法研究了兴国县潜在偏硅酸矿泉水的分布、水化学特征以及成因与物质来源,并基于感官指数和健康指数对其健康功能进行了评价。结果表明：潜在偏硅酸矿泉水主要分布在岩浆岩裂隙含水岩组、碎屑岩孔隙裂隙含水岩组和变质岩裂隙含水岩组中,这三类含水岩组的调查水样中,发现潜在偏硅酸矿泉水的比例分别为48.5%、45.7%、29.6%,且主要分布在海拔400m以下区域。潜在偏硅酸矿泉水的偏硅酸含量多集中在32~40mg/L之间,主要来自硅酸盐矿物的水解;在变质岩、岩浆岩裂隙含水岩组区,偏硅酸的富集以溶滤作用为主;在碎屑岩孔隙裂隙含水岩组区,偏硅酸的富集受溶滤作用和阳离子交替吸附作用共同影响。该县岩浆岩裂隙含水组区潜在偏硅酸矿泉水口感最佳,深层碎屑岩孔隙含水组区潜在偏硅酸矿泉水健康指数相对较高。本文认为,兴国县矿泉水勘查开发靶区宜以岩浆岩裂隙含水岩组区和深层碎屑岩孔隙裂隙含水岩组区为主。研究成果可为揭示兴国县偏硅酸矿泉水资源价值和功能提供参考。 相似文献
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江苏省六合、盱眙玄武岩地区含偏硅酸矿泉水形成的水文地球化学机理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
含偏硅酸矿泉水在我国分布很广,是一种宝贵的矿产资源。本文根据水-岩相互作用过程中热力学平衡原理,研究六合、盱眙玄武岩地区含偏硅酸矿泉水形成的水文地球化学机理及其主要影响因素,从而提出了含偏硅酸矿泉水形成的水文地球化学模式。 相似文献
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依据矿泉水特征化学组分对安徽省饮用天然矿泉水类型进行分析,从区域、主要类型和珍稀类型三个方面研究了安徽省饮用天然矿泉水的分布特征,结果显示:按矿泉水特征化学组分可将安徽省天然矿泉水分为12种类型,其中,锶型、偏硅酸型、锶偏硅酸型为主要类型,占全省矿泉水井(泉)点总数的76.67%。锶型矿泉水分布以合肥市分布较为集中,皖南分布较少;偏硅酸型矿泉水以黄山、淮南、六安等市分布较为集中;锶偏硅酸型矿泉水则集中分布在合肥、蚌埠、滁州、六安、宿州、安庆、池州、铜陵、芜湖等市。研究结果对安徽省饮用天然矿泉水资源的开发利用具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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王敏 《华北地质矿产杂志》1995,10(4):510-514
围场牌楼御圣矿泉水出露于侏罗系张家口组凝灰岩、安山岩中，属偏硅酸、锶复合型矿泉水，其成因是含偏硅酸和锶的岩石经地下水深循环作用，长期溶滤围岩，使偏硅酸、锶不断富集的结果，除含偏硅酸、锶外，还含有有益于人体健康的微量元素。该矿泉水水量充沛，动态稳定，水质良好。 相似文献
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景洪市偏硅酸矿泉水水点数量较多,部分含锶、含锂,而锌矿泉水、碘矿泉水的发现尚属首次,是宝贵的天然资源,且含量均优于国家标准,对于人体具有一定的养生保健作用。通过资料收集分析、水文地质调查、钻探、综合研究等手段,查明景洪市矿泉水水源地的区域地质特征、地质构造、水文地质条件、地下水的补给、径流、排泄条件,结合景洪市矿泉水的分布特征,对偏硅酸矿泉水、锌矿泉水、碘矿泉水形成原因进行了分析,并对矿泉水的进一步开发利用进行了分析与评价。 相似文献
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岳阳张谷英天然矿泉水水文地球化学特征及水质评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
张谷英矿泉水属低钠、低矿化偏硅酸矿泉水，水化学类型为HCO3－Na－Cu型，富含偏硅酸、锂、锶、锌、氡等有益于人体健康的微量元素和化学组份，且界限指标、限量指标、污染指标、微生物指标均符合国家饮用天然矿泉水标准。 相似文献
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彭玉荣 《华北地质矿产杂志》1995,(4)
本文阐述了矿泉水形成与赋存条件，指出该矿泉水赋存于第四系中、上更新统中粗砂为主的孔隙中，属松散岩类孔隙水。该矿泉水水化学类型为重碳酸钙·镁型，锶、偏硅酸达到饮用天然矿泉水国家标准（ＧＢ８５３７－８７）的界限指标，属含锶－偏硅酸的重碳酸钙·镁型饮用天然矿泉水。 相似文献
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广西贵港市花果山饮用天然矿泉水属低钠低矿化度含偏硅酸重碳酸钠钙型中性低温矿泉水。文章对该矿泉水形成条件进行分析探讨,为寻找同类矿泉水提供参考。 相似文献
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【研究目的】承德地处京津冀水源涵养功能区,矿泉水资源丰富,研究其赋存分布与形成机制对矿泉水可持续利用与水源涵养优化具有重要意义。【研究方法】采用岩石地球化学和水化学分析、化学风化指数、矿物表面微观形态分析,同位素示踪等方法系统梳理了研究区地下水偏硅酸空间分异的影响因素,从岩石风化与水化学耦合角度探讨了偏硅酸矿泉水的成藏机制。【研究结果】结果表明：研究区常温水体偏硅酸含量达30 mg/L以上样品占比达5.16%,地热水偏硅酸平均含量达61.76 mg/L。偏硅酸矿泉水成藏受岩石风化和地质构造控制,风化酸性介质影响,水化学形成作用制约。风化敏感程度愈高,易风化矿物含量愈高的含水介质赋存地下水偏硅酸含量愈高。研究区硅酸盐岩总体处于初等化学风化——长石类矿物和辉石等镁铁质矿物风化形成高岭石、蒙脱石和伊利石阶段。构造深部幔源CO2、工矿活动和人类生产生活输入的外源硫酸和硝酸共同参与岩石风化脱硅过程,偏硅酸矿泉水、地热水温泉出露处多为构造复合部位或主干断裂与次级断裂的交汇部位。【结论】承德市偏硅酸矿泉水成因模式可概化为构造断裂深循环淋溶型、风化裂隙浅循环淋溶型和层间孔隙裂隙-补给富集埋藏型3类。植被覆盖较好的玄武岩、火山碎屑岩、陆源碎屑岩流域山前宽缓沟谷与导水断裂交汇带,侵入岩导水导热断裂带、侵入岩与围岩接触带,花岗岩、片麻岩和陆源碎屑岩与碳酸盐岩接触带为偏硅酸矿泉水开采潜力区。创新点：（1）从岩石风化与水岩作用水化学耦合角度探讨了偏硅酸矿泉水的成藏机制;（2）系统总结了承德市偏硅酸矿泉水空间分布的影响因素与成因模式。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献