共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
季节性降雨和洋流运动常常使沿岸海水盐度呈现波动状态。环境盐度的改变往往导致鱼类更易受到病原的侵害而患病死亡。因此, 探究盐度对金钱鱼(Sscatophagus argus)免疫功能的影响在渔业养殖业具有相当重要的参考价值。本文通过比较各盐度组金钱鱼经嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)感染后96h(96hpi)内血清和肾脏抗氧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)浓度以及免疫相关参数Complement 4(C4)、Interleukin-6(IL-6)和Immunoglobulin M(IgM)的变化, 来分析盐度的改变对其血清和肾脏免疫功能的影响。结果显示, 除96hpi外, 血液和肾脏组织中淡水组和低盐组中金钱鱼体内SOD浓度总体均比25‰盐度组高, 且最大差异可达150ng·mL-1左右, 其中血清结果差异极显著(P<0.01); 淡水组与低盐组中金钱鱼经嗜水气单胞菌感染后96h内血清和肾脏组织C4浓度总体均比25‰盐度组高100~600μg·mL-1 (P<0.01)左右; 虽然三个盐度感染嗜水气单胞菌后组肾脏组织IL-6浓度(14.2±0.1、17.9±0.0和17.9±0.0pg·mL-1) 显著低于对照组(P<0.01), 25‰盐度组肾脏组织IL-6水平仍显著高于淡水组和低盐组(P<0.01), 而淡水组的血清IL-6浓度在96hpi内显著增加至56.9±1.0pg·mL-1 (P<0.01); 25‰盐度组金钱鱼血清和肾脏组织IgM浓度(71.8±2.9和6.3±0.4μg·mL-1)比淡水组和低盐组高约1~20μg·mL-1, 且差异显著(P<0.05)。同时, 25‰盐度组血清和肾脏组织大量产生抗体IgM时间(12hpi)早于淡水组和低盐组(24hpi)。综上所述, 25‰盐度组在细菌感染后受到的损伤较小, 肾脏及血清免疫状态优于淡水组与低盐组, 且免疫应答反应更迅速。因此推测, 盐度的降低将会导致金钱鱼血清和肾脏免疫状态下降。本研究可为调节金钱鱼的养殖盐度提供参考。 相似文献
2.
EEG and tremor of three divers are recorded during simulated He-O2 saturation diving at a depth of 302 m. The results ate as follows:1.During the exposure to He-O2, a decrease in a rhythm and increase in activity of 8 and wave appear in subjects' EEGs and sometimees characteristics with sleep stage I are shown in individual EEG,2.During the exposure to He-O2. the increase in the amplitude of postural tremor in 4-8 Hz and 8-13 Hz is recorded and the increase of the amplitude of 8-13 Hz is more noticeable.3. During the exposure to He-O2, all the divers suffered from fatigue, poor sleep and memory failure. These symptoms accorded with the records of the subjects' EEG and tremor. 相似文献
3.
4.
盐度对六株硅藻生长及脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在温度为22±1℃,盐度为18‰、28‰和38‰的条件下,用F/2培养基对青岛海洋大学微藻种质库保存的6株硅藻(纤细角毛藻Chaetoceros gracilis B13; 筒柱藻Cylindrotheca fusiformis B211;三角褐指藻 Phaeodactylum tricomutum B114, B118,B221;新月菱形藻 Nitzschia closterium B222) 进行培养,在指数生长期末期进行收获,测定了6株硅藻的生长及脂肪酸组成.实验结果表明: 盐度对六株硅藻的生长及脂肪酸组成均有影响,但作用结果因种而异.B13的相对生长率随着盐度的增加而增加;B114和B222的相对生长率随着盐度的增加而降低.B13的干重随着盐度的增加而增加,在盐度为38‰时达到最大值(0.21);B118、B114、B221 和B222的干重均在盐度为28‰时达到最大值;盐度对B211的干重影响不明显(0.35～0.36).六株硅藻的主要脂肪酸为16:0、16:1(n-7)和20:5(n-3),B211还含有较多的20:4n-6(5.6～7.4‰),B13含有较多的14:0 (20.O～30.9%).B211、B221和B222的饱和脂肪酸总合随着盐度的增加而降低,在盐度为18‰时达到最大值(占总脂肪酸的百分比分别为41.7%、37.6%和31.7%).而B13、B118和B114的饱和脂肪酸总合在盐度为28‰时含量最高(分别为48.1%、31.0%和33.0%).B118、B114、B221和B222的单不饱和脂肪酸总合随着盐度的增加而增加,而B13和B211单不饱和脂肪酸总合随着盐度的增加而降低.B13、B118、B114和B222的多不饱和脂肪酸总合在18‰时含量最高(分别为31.3%、23.4%、19.6%和18.6%).B211和B221的多不饱和脂肪酸总合在28‰时含量最高(分别为25.1%和16.3%). 相似文献
5.
调查了广东红树林区水质的时空变化, 分别采集了红树林区表层水体水样旱季30个样点(2017年10月至2018年1月)和湿季20个样点(2018年7月至8月)进行分析。利用单一营养状态指数(TSI Chl a)评价红树林水质特征和营养状态, 评价标准: 050为富营养, >70为高营养。红树林区环境参数的时空变化为: 盐度(2.15‰~27.14‰)、pH (6.18~8.65)、电导率(10.87~90.52µs·cm-1)、浊度(0.0975~21.61FTU)、硝酸盐(0~127.2mg·L-1)、亚硝酸盐(0~12.0mg·L-1)、磷酸盐(0~34.5mg·L-1)、硅酸盐(1.22~2.88mg·L-1)和叶绿素a (0.19~38.08mg·m-3)。聚类分析表明, 丰水期横跨雷州半岛右侧至广东沿海东部的水质相对较好, 而左侧则处于中营养化状态。同时, 在枯水期, 红树林区水质较差, 从雷州半岛周围的高中营养化状态, 到广东沿海东部的富营养化状态。主成分分析表明, 营养盐、盐度、pH、电导率(electrical conductivity, EC)和浊度对红树林区水质状况贡献显著, 进而影响红树林生态系统中藻类群落的变化。 相似文献
6.
One hundred and seven marine aerosol samples were collected during December 1988 to March 1990, and 3 dry deposition samples, 16 rain samples and 2 Cascade Impacter samples were collected from March to May 1990 at the southeast coast of the Xiamen Island. All the samples were analyzed for SO42-, NO3-, Cl-, Na+ , NH4+, using ion chromatography.The results indicate that the concentration of sulfate in marine aerosols over the Xiamen waters appears to be of seasonal variation, in an order of winter > spring > autumn > summer. The mean sulfate concentration lor the total marine aerosol samples over the Xiamen waters is 9. 37 μg/m3, respectively 0. 89 and 8. 48 μg/m3 for the seasalt and non-sea-salt sulfate. The distribution of sulfate shows a bimodal form with a peak in the coarse particle range which is derived from the sea-salt sulfate, and a peak in the fine particle range which is derived from the non-sea-salt sulfate. The total deposition of sulfate to the Xiamen waters is estimated to be 4. 68g/m2 相似文献
7.
南海大鹏湾海洋褐胞藻赤潮及其成因 总被引：22，自引：5，他引：22
于１９９１年３月２０－２１日在大鹏湾首次发生海洋褐胞藻赤潮。对此分析了赤潮发生前后海洋环境因素的变化及其与赤潮的关系；以风速，气压，盐度，温度，磷酸盐，硝酸盐，铵盐，铁离子等８项指标为基础，改变参数组合，对采自１９９１年３－５月特定站位（Ｓｏ）的各样方进行聚类分析和比较。结果表明，在盐度为３１－３２和水温为２０℃的适宜条件下，铁离子和风速是形成本次赤潮的主要环境要素；大量营养盐尤其是硝酸盐度的增加 相似文献
8.
The present paper deals with the age and growth of P. yokohamae, whose specimens were collected monthly from April 1982 to May 1983 by trawl in the Bohai Sea. In the study the age and growth of P. yokohamae is determined by annual ring on otolith. On the basis of calculation of monthly changes in appearing frequency for opaque zones on the otolith edgs it is determined that the annual ring of P. yokohamae is formed in January-March every year.The relation of the standard length to the body weight is W=3.2×10-5L2.3018. The relationship between the otolith radius and the standard length is R=-5.43× 10-3 1.71 ×10-2L- 1.20× 10-5L2. The growth for this species is expressed by von-Bertalanffy equation, Lt = L∞[1-e-K(t-t0)], where L∞ = 418mm, t0 = -0.7475 and K=0.252.The P. yokohamae grows faster at the age of 1-2, but slower after two years old. The coordinate of weight-growth inflexion point is at t =3.84 and W=386 g. 相似文献
9.
考察了盐藻在氮浓度3mmol/L和0.59mmol/L两种条件下的生长、氮磷的利用以及色素积累的情况。结果表明氮浓度3mmol/L培养基有利于藻细胞的增值，最终藻体浓度大，稳定期可维持数日；0．59mmol/L培养基有利于细胞胡萝卜素积累，单位细胞胡萝卜素与叶绿素的比值达到12．3，是氮浓度3mmol/L培养基的两倍左右。盐藻细胞在生长初期快速利用氮源，之后即使培养基中仍有较高浓度的氮源，藻细胞也不再利用。两种条件下藻细胞对磷的利用情况相同。两种培养基中盐藻单位细胞叶绿素含量均先增加后减少，胡萝卜素含量均先降低后增加。 相似文献
10.
ＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓａｎｄｅｓｔｉｍａｔｉｏｎｏｎｔｈｅｖｅｒｔｉｃａｌｆｌｕｘｏｆＮ，Ｐ，ＳｉｉｎｕｐｗｅｌｌｉｎｇａｒｅａｏｆＴａｉｗａｎＳｔｒａｉｔ￥ＣｈｅｎＳｈｕｉｔｕａｎｄＲｕａｎＷｕｑｉ（ＦｕｊｉａｎＩｎｓｔｉｔ... 相似文献
11.
我国黄海出现的绿潮发源于黄海南部苏北辐射沙洲紫菜养殖区,苏北沙洲区濒临的沿岸河网众多,来自沿岸径流的淡水携带大量氮磷等营养盐间歇性入海,导致海水的富营养化并伴随着盐度的周期性波动。本研究通过模拟实验研究低盐度(15和5)对浒苔吸收氮盐(NO_3~–-N和NH_4~+-N)和磷盐(PO_4~(3–)-P)的影响,主要发现:与盐度30相比,在低盐度(15和5)时,浒苔对NO_3~–-N的1h最大吸收速率(V_(max))和亲和力(V_(max)/Ks)分别提高280%和350%左右,半饱和常数(Ks)下降15%左右,并能够维持对NO_3~–-N的高效吸收(24h);盐度15和5时,浒苔对NH_4~+-N的1h最大吸收速率(V_(max))分别提高40%和200%,亲和力(V_(max)/Ks)分别提高20%和180%, Ks分别提高15%和30%,但是盐度降低对NH_4~+-N的长效吸收产生负面影响,甚至在盐度5条件下出现吸收高浓度NH_4~+-N后再释放的现象;与盐度30相似,盐度15条件下浒苔能够快速吸收PO_4~(3–)-P,而盐度5则导致藻细胞内的PO_4~(3–)-P在早期阶段快速流失,并在后期不能有效吸收PO_4~(3–)-P。本实验的结果表明,降低盐度有利于浒苔对氮源的快速吸收,在盐度15下浒苔能够实现对硝酸盐和磷盐的高效吸收。 相似文献
12.
13.
Shanthi R. Poornima D. Raja K. Sarangi R. K. Saravanakumar A. Thangaradjou T. 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(6):94-100
Seasonal and inter-annual variability of hydrological parameters and its impact on chlorophyll distribution was studied from January 2009 to December 2011 at four coastal stations along the southwest Bay of Bengal. Statistical analysis(principal component analysis(PCA), two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) and correlation analysis)showed the significant impact of hydrological parameters on chlorophyll distribution in the study area. The ranges of different parameters recorded were 23.8–33.8°C(SST), 4.00–36.00(salinity), 7.0–9.2(p H), 4.41–8.32 mg/L(dissolved oxygen), 0.04–2.45 μmol/L(nitrite), 0.33–16.10 μmol/L(nitrate), 0.02–2.51 μmol/L(ammonia),0.04–3.32 μmol/L(inorganic phosphate), 10.09–85.28 μmol/L(reactive silicate) and 0.04–13.8 μg/L(chlorophyll).PCA analysis carried out for different seasons found variations in the relationship between physico-chemical parameters and chlorophyll in which nitrate and chlorophyll were positively loaded at PC1(principal component1) during spring inter-monsoon and at PC2(principal component 2) during other seasons. Likewise correlation analysis also showed significant positive relationship between chlorophyll and nutrients especially with nitrate(r=0.734). Distribution of hydrobiological parameters between stations and distances was significantly varying as evidenced from the ANOVA results. The study found that the spatial and temporal distribution of chlorophyll was highly dependent on the availability of nutrients especially, nitrate in the southwest Bay of Bengal coastal waters. 相似文献
14.
O-phthaldialdehyde is used for the determination of free amino acid in seawater by measuring the fluorescence produced by its reaction with the a-amino group of amino acids. This method is so sensitive that as little as 1-10 nM of amino acids and less than 1 ml of seawater may be sufficient for one test.This method is simple, rapid and accurate and a-amino acids contained in seawater can directly be determined without concentration and extraction. It is free from the interference of large content of inorganic salts and other nitrogenous compounds in seawater.A hundred and fifty-two samples collected at 24 stations in offshore of Zhejiang have been analyzed. The results obtained show that the range of concentration of the total free amino acid is 0.37-4.70 μM. The values are high near shore and low offshore. 相似文献
15.
In this paper, a comparison among the seven large meanders of the Kuroshio is made in order to probe into their similarity and differences. The major results are described as follows.1. Although the three phases for the seven large meanders such as their formations, maturity, as well as decline are very similar to one another, each meander has its own trivial difference in detail.2.The paths of the first six large meanders in the mature phase may be classified into ten types: U1, V1, U2, V2, U1', V1', U2', V2',φ and W.3.The seven large meanders may be grouped into two patterns, i. e. , pattern Ⅰ and pattern Ⅱ. Pattern Ⅰ includes the first and the fourth large meanders, and pattern Ⅱ includes the rest of the above meanders.4. Four standards for identifying the large meanders of the Kuroshio are put forward. 相似文献
16.
Based on the prediction experiments on the salinity distribution of the southern Huanghai Sea in spring (April-June) from 1978 to 1980, two salinity-prediction methods suitable for the region are obtained. The methods are briefly introduced and the marked factors affecting salinity variation and the prediction error are analysed. Results from the prediction experiments indicat the absolute prediction error of ensemble mean as 0.43‰, the relative error as 25%, the deviation error as -0.16‰, and the stations with prediction error less than 0.5‰ accounting for 72% of the total . There is a little difference between prediction tendency and measured data. 相似文献
17.
This paper deals with the reaction of the contents of carbohydrate and nitrogenous compound in leaves of mangroves (Kandelia candel and Aegiceras corniculatum) to the change of seabeach soil salinity (range: 3-12) in the tidal swamp of Jiulongjiang River, Fujian Province, China.Results obtained show that: (i) contents of total sugar, starch and soluble sugar in the leaves of those mangrove plants would increase with increase in the soil salinity; (ii) with increase in the soil salinity, contents of total nitrogen and soluble protein in their leaves would decrease, but fluctuate at the soil salinity more than 10. 相似文献
18.
The average concentration of total Sn in surface layer is 2.90 μg/1 and that of total Bi 0.50 μg/1. The free ion, bound and particulate forms of Sn in Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary account for 20%, 30% and 50% of the total Sn respectively, and those of Bi 25%, 35% and 40% respectively. In the surface water of the Pacific, the total Sn is 2.06 μg/1, and the percentages of the three forms of Sn are 50, 30 and 20% respectively. The total Bi are 0.38 μg/1, and the percentages of the three forms of Bi are 55, 25 and 20% respectively. The concentrations of free ions of Sn and Bi in 0-1400 m and 0-1900 m in 18 and 19 stations are in vertical homogeneous distribution. The slight similarity in distribution between Bi ion and salinity may be due to the influence of organisms and biochemistry. 相似文献
19.
Sea urchin embryo-larval development (ELD) and fertilization tests have been widely used in ecotoxicity studies and are included in regulatory frameworks. Biological processes occur naturally within a range of salinity that depends on the species considered. In an attempt to determine the optimum range of salinity, ELD and fertilization bioassays were performed at different salinities (15-40.5‰) with two species of Atlantic sea urchin: Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus. In the ELD assay, the optimum range of salinity was wider for A.?lixula (29-35.5‰) than for P.?lividus (29-33‰). In the fertilization assay with P.?lividus as a bioindicator species, the highest percentage of fertilization (90%) was obtained at salinities of between 29 and 33‰. More research on A.?lixula is required, since the fertilization success was below 60%. The results of the present study demonstrate that salinity may be a confounding factor in interpreting ELD test results. 相似文献
20.
微藻在不同培养条件下,藻体中脂类和高度不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的含量及种类可发生很大变化。因此,研究不同培养条件对其含量的影响,以期寻找既能促进藻类较快生长,又能使其体内PUFA含量较高的培养条件,对于促进水产养殖的发展,乃至使其成为生产EPA和DHA的工业原料,无疑都具有重要的意义。
在系列研究I中我们报告了我国沿海水产养殖中常用的7种微藻的脂类和脂肪酸组成,在其基础上,我们选择了脂肪和DHA含量比较高的球等鞭金藻3011(Isochrysis galbana),用不同的营养液、并在不同的生长期、温度、盐度等条件下,对其进行培养,分析藻体中PUFA含量的变化,以便更好地提高其营养价值和利用率,同时探讨用其作为生产PUFA的工业原料的可能性。 相似文献