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1.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,(6)
Two red algae, Rhodymenia antarctica and Iridaea cordata(Rhodophyta), were employed to investigate the pollution situation along Fildes Peninsula coastline, King George Island. Ten sites from east and west coastlines were investigated, and the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, As and Hg were determined. The metal pollution index(MPI) was used to evaluate the overall pollution level represented by the investigated sites and for interregional comparisons. The two algae exhibited different preference to special trace metal. R. antarctica could accumulate more Cd(0.63 mg kg~(-1)) and Hg(0.026 mg kg~(-1)) than I. cordata(Cd 0.34 mgkg~(-1), Hg 0.019 mg kg~(-1)). I. cordata could accumulate more As(15.53 mg kg~(-1)) than R. antarctica(10.11 mg kg~(-1)). There was no significant difference in accumulating Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr between the two algae. R. antarctica could be used to monitor Cd and Hg. I. cordata would be more appropriate for monitoring As. MPI monitored by the two algae were from 1.02 to 2.26(R. antarctica), and 1.03 to 1.25(I. cordata), respectively. Pollution situation of Fildes Peninsula was becoming serious, especially of the east coastline. The objective of this research was to gather the baseline information for trace metals investigation in Antarctic. 相似文献
2.
Hemocyte counts and phenoloxidase(PO)activity were examined after hemolymph being incubated in dopamine(DA),noradrenaline(NE)and serotonin(5-HT).Results showed that all the three biogenic amines(BAs)had a significant impact on total hemocyte count(THC),differential hemocyte count(DHC),and intracelluar and extracelluar phenoloxidase(PO)activity.Among these Bas,DA had the strongest effect on the above parameters,whereas 5-HT had the least effect.Preincubation with D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390,D2 receptor a... 相似文献
3.
Hemocyte counts and phenoloxidase(PO)activity were examined after hemolymph being incubated in dopamine(DA),noradrenaline(NE)and serotonin(5-HT).Results showed that all the three biogenic amines(BAs)had a significant impact on total hemocyte count(THC),differential hemocyte count(DHC),and intracelluar and extracelluar phenoloxidase(PO)activity.Among these Bas,DA had the strongest effect on the above parameters,whereas 5-HT had the least effect.Preincubation with D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390,D2 receptor antagonist Sulpiride and 1:1 admixture of the two could significantly inhibit the effect of DA on these parameters.SCH23390 showed a stronger inhibitory effect than Sulpiride,and the admixture exhibited the strongest effect.These results suggested that the change of hemocyte count and activation of prophenoloxidase(proPO)system in Litopenaeusvan-namei hemocyte can be regulated by BAs,and DA modulates the two parameters via its receptors. 相似文献
4.
按照相关国家标准,分析湛江市腌制金线鱼(Nemipterus virgatus)中的微生物和理化指标.结果表明:腌制金线鱼的微生物安全指标中有3组样品菌落总数略超标,其他指标符合西班牙等国家腌渍鱼制品微生物标准;耐盐菌数为菌落总数20倍以上,优势耐盐菌全为革兰阴性杆菌,6株优势嗜盐菌中有2株为革兰阳性球菌;理化指标中挥发性盐基氮含量均低于300 mg/kg,符合水产品质量要求;甲醛及亚硝酸盐含量均低于5 mg/kg,相对较低.可见,湛江市腌制金线鱼安全质量状况较好 相似文献
5.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,(4)
Hepatitis B virus(HBV) is a significant global pathogen and efficient cure for HBV patients is still a challenging goal. We previously reported that acidic mucopolysaccharide from stichopus japonicus selenka(SJAMP) could inhibit HBs Ag and HBe Ag expression in vitro. However, the potential anti-HBV effects of SJAMP in vivo have not yet been explored. In this study, we show that SJAMP exhibits potent anti-HBV activity in HBV transgenic mice in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, sixty HBV transgenic male BALB/c mice were randomly selected to receive the treatment of PBS, low dose SJAMP(30 mg kg~(-1)), middle dose SJAMP(40 mg kg~(-1)), high dose SJAMP(50 mg kg~(-1)) and IFN(45 IU kg~(-1)) for 30 d. SJAMP treatment suppressed serum HBV-DNA, and liver HBs Ag and HBc Ag levels in HBV-transgenic mice. The present study highlights the potential application of SJAMP in HBV therapy. 相似文献
6.
Alexey P. Kuklin Gazhit Ts. Tsybekmitova Evgenia P. Gorlacheva Balzhit B. Bazarova Alexey V. Afonin 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(3):507-516
Present-day conditions of the Lake Kenon ecosystem are determined by a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors.We have estimated the effects of a complex of factors on the condition of the abiotic environment and on specific biological components in the lake ecosystem.Change in biogenic load has caused an increase in the role of phytoplankton in the general balance of organic matter during the high-water period.Charophytes are the main dominants of bottom vegetation.Anthropogenic load has caused a decrease in both fish species and fish capacity.The lake application as a water reservoir-cooler has influenced the average annual water mineralization(from 420 mg/L to 530.0 mg/L with a maximum 654 mg/L in 1993) and fluctuations in its hydrochemical composition.The present composition of the lake is sulfate-hydrocarbonate-chloride calcium-sodic-magnesium in character.SO 4 – content is twice as much as the maximum permissible concentration in fishery waters.Water drainage from an ash disposal area to the lake has caused an increase in chemical-element concentrations including the heavy metals.Hg concentration in Perca fluviatilis muscles is 0.5 μg/g dry wt.Thus,understanding directions in the ecosystem of the water reservoir-cooler under changing hydrological conditions will let us forecast the consequences of new combined heat and power plant operation. 相似文献
7.
Impacts of mariculture practices on the temporal distribution of macrobenthos in Sandu Bay,South China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
周进 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(3):388-396
Sandu Bay is located in the East China Sea and is characterized by high-density fish farming and kelp culture. Despite this, little is known about the impacts of these different mariculture practices on the local environment. We investigated the temporal variation in macrobenthos and environmental conditions at three sites in the bay (fish farming site, kelp culture site, and a control site). We collected water and sediment samples during nine cruises between May 2009 and February 2010. The density of macrobenthos peaked at the fish farming site in July (655 ind./m2) whereas density did not fluctuate as widely at the other two sites. Biomass varied significantly at both the control and kelp culture sites, but had only a single peak at the fish farming site in June (21.90 g/m2). The dominant species varied throughout the study period at the control and kelp culture sites, whereas a single terebellid species (Lysilla pacifica) dominated the macrobenthos at the fish farming site. The diversity index H’ increased at the control site beginning in February then decreased after May, whereas H’ was low at the other sites in December. The mean dissolved oxygen level was highest at the control site (6.59 mg/L) and lowest at the fish farming site (5.54 mg/L). DO levels were lowest at all sites in summer (July and August). The sediment acid volatile sulfide content was higher at the fish farming site (1.46 mg/g dry weight) than those at the kelp culture and control sites (1.22 and 0.14 mg/g, respectively). Our results suggest that mariculture practices have a clear impact on the benthic environment/ community in Sandu Bay. 相似文献
8.
Silva J. Paulo Alves Celso Pinteus Susete Silva Joana Valado Ana Pedrosa Rui Pereira Leonel 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,37(3):825-835
Osmundea pinnatifida is a red edible seaweed known as pepper dulse. O. pinnatifida was cultivated in the farm of ALGAplus(Ilhavo, Portugal). This farm is integrated with a seabream and seabass commercial aquaculture and uses the nutrient-enriched water resultant from the fish production as its cultivation medium in the integrated multi-trophic aquaculture(IMTA) manner. Wild and IMTA-cultivated samples of O. pinnatifida were screened for antioxidant and antitumor activities. The antioxidant capacity of solvent extracts from wild and IMTA cultivated samples was assessed in two methods(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC)), and their total phenolic contents(TPC) were estimated. Antitumor activity was evaluated in three different tumor cell lines(HepG-2, MCF-7, and SH-SY5Y) through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay. Among the solvents used for extraction, dichloromethane was the most effective to extract phenolic compounds and presented higher ORAC. A significant correlation was found between TPC and ORAC,which was also sustained by the principal components analysis(PCA). Dichloromethane extracts induced a cytostatic effect on MCF-7 cells and showed weak cytotoxicity to SH-SY5Y cells and weak impact on cell proliferation. Overall, there were no statistically significant differences in the biological activities shown by the wild and IMTA-cultivated samples. Hence, O. pinnatifida can be obtained in an economical and environmentally sustainable way through IMTA, maintaining bioactive properties in a high potential for further nutraceutical purposes. 相似文献
9.
研究流沙湾网箱养鱼区水体氮、磷含量的月变化和水平分布,并运用质量平衡方程估算其氮、磷负荷。结果表明:总氮变化在0.212~0.892 mg/L之间,平均0.498 mg/L;总磷变化在0.009~0.036 mg/L之间,平均0.020mg/L;氮磷比变化在23.6~26.1之间,平均为25。在5-9月,氮、磷含量变化呈逐渐增加趋势,到9月达到最大,10月又减少。网箱内部氮、磷的含量高于网箱外部,并随着与网箱距离的增大而逐渐减小。红鳍笛鲷(Lutjanus argentimaculatus)、紫红笛鲷(Trachinotus ovatus)和卵形鲳鲹(Lutjanus erythopterus)全鱼的氮质量分数平均为2.42%,磷质量分数平均为0.26%,饵料系数为6.67,流沙湾网箱养鱼养殖期产生的氮、磷负荷平均分别为135.8和19.4 kg/t。 相似文献
10.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,(5)
The marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a polymorphological, ecologically significant, and well-studied model of unicellular microalga. This diatom can accumulate diverse important metabolites. Herein, we cultured P. tricornutum in an internally installed tie-piece flat-plate photobioreactor under 14.5 m mol L~(-1)(high nitrogen, HN) and 2.9 m mol L~(-1)(low nitrogen, LN) of KNO_3 and assessed its time-resolved changes in biochemical compositions. The results showed that HN was inductive to accumulate high biomass(4.1 g L~(-1)). However, the LN condition could accelerate lipid accumulation in P. tricornutum. The maximum total lipid(TL) content under LN was up to 42.5% of biomass on day 12. Finally, neutral lipids(NLs) were 63.8% and 75.7% of TLs under HN and LN, respectively. The content of EPA ranged from 2.3% to 1.5% of dry weight during the growth period under the two culture conditions. Peak volumetric lipid productivity of 128.4 mg L~(-1)d~(-1) was achieved in the HN group(on day 9). The highest volumetric productivity values of EPA, chrysolaminarin, and fucoxanthin were obtained in the exponential phase(on day 6) under HN, which were 9.6, 93.6, and 4.7 mg L~(-1)d~(-1), respectively. In conclusion, extractable amounts of lipids, EPA, fucoxanthin, and chrysolaminarin could be obtained from P. tricornutum by regulating the culture conditions. 相似文献
11.
Pacific saury(Cololabis saira)is usually sold as whole fish in wholesale markets,or in its gutted form which is easy for consumers to cook in retail markets.In order to assess the effect of gutting on the shelf life of Pacific saury during refrigerated storage and reveal the microbial community,fish samples grouped into(I)whole fish and(II)gutted fish were analyzed periodically for sensory,biochemical and microbiological characteristics,and high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the microbiota.Results showed that the sensory score for the gutted fish became unacceptable on day 8,while the whole fish score remained acceptable for 10 days.The total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N)value of the gutted fish reached 30 mg N(100 g)^-1 on day 6,while that of the whole samples surpassed 30 mg N(100 g)^-1 on day 10.The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)value of the gutted fish got close to 5.0 mg kg^-1 on day 10,while that of the whole samples surpassed 5.0 mg kg^-1 on day 14.The aerobic plate colony counts(APCs)for the gutted and whole Pacific saury reached 7.0 log10 CFUg^-1 on days 6 and 10,respectively.Organoleptic,biochemical and microbiological analyses revealed that shelf-lives should be 6–8 days for gutted fish and 10 days for whole fish.Microbiota analysis results showed that gutting partly changed the initial microbiota,but didn't alter the dominant bacteria during storage.When the fish were spoiled,high proportion of Pseudomonadaceae was detected in both groups. 相似文献
12.
Smoking is widely used in fish processing for the color and flavor. Smoke flavorings have evolved as a successful alter- native to traditional smoking. The hazards of the fish products treated by liquid-smoking process are discussed in this review. The smoke flavoring is one important ingredient in the smoke-flavored fish. This paper gives the definition of smoke flavorings and the hazard of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) residue in the smoke flavorings on the market. It gives also an assessment of chemical hazards such as carcinogenic PAHs, especially Benzo-[a]pyrene, as well as biological hazards such as Listeria monocyto- genes, Clostridium botulinum, histamine and parasites in smoke-flavored fish. The limitations in regulations or standards are dis- cussed. Smoke flavored fish have lower content of PAHs as compared with the traditional smoking techniques if the PAHs residue in smoke flavorings is controlled by regulations or standards. 相似文献
13.
ZHANG Jing WANG Qing WANG Wenhua CHEN Hui＇e WANG Ying 《世界地质(英文版)》2010,13(1):50-55
In order to research engineering geological properties of the soil in Zhenlai of western Jilin, especially the dispersivity of soil, the authors carried out the basic physicochemical test and dispersivity identification test. The results show that the dispersivity of the soil increases with the increase of depth within 0-30 cm ( surface soil) ; it decreases as the depth increases within in 30-100 cm. Furthermore, the statistical analysis of the dispersivity indexes and physicochemical propertity indexes show that the DP is positively linear correlated with total soluble salt content, sodium ion content, ESP, pH and organic matter content. Meanwhile, it is negatively linear correlated with clay content, and the linear relationship is better. Through the study of the dispersion mechanism of soil samples, it can be concluded that sodium montmorillonite, higher percentage of exchangeable sodium and high pH are the main reasons for the dispersion of soils in western Jilin. 相似文献
14.
天然水体中生物膜对水环境中磷的生物地球化学过程影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
介绍了生物膜及其发育形成机理,生源要素磷与底泥、悬浮颗粒、藻类及细菌之间的相互作用,生物膜中微生物对生源要素磷循环的作用及其检测方法。通过对该领域近几年最新研究成果的总结,得出生物膜尤其是细菌对元素磷迁移转化的影响起着重要作用;对今后研究重点作出展望,在考虑生物膜存在的条件下,深入研究沉积物、悬浮颗粒、藻类及细菌与磷循环的相互作用机制,将有助于弄清楚水体富营养化发生的过程及机理。 相似文献
15.
The content and distribution of biogenic silica were investigated in sediment cores from Prydz Bay, Antarctica, during the CHINARE-18/2L cruise. The results show that the content of biogenic silica（ BSiO2 ） is ranged from 4.89% to 85. 41% , and the average content of biogenic silica is 30.90%, the highest value oc- curred at the IV-10 station. The profile of BSiO2 in sediment is contrast to that of sili- cate in the interstitial water. The content of biogenic silica and organic carbon in the surface sediments in the central area of Prydz Bay gyre were much higher than those in other area, and closely related to the Chla content and primary productivity of phyto- plankton in the surface water column. 相似文献
16.
氟是自然界广泛分布的非金属元素,也是人体必须的微量元素之一。环境微生物作为自然界中物质迁移的主动力之一,积极地参与着多种元素的水文生物地球化学循环。研究微生物参与下沉积物中氟的释出行为,对深入理解环境氟迁移行为具有重要意义。以山西运城高氟区沉积物样品为代表,采用野外沉积物调查采集、室内环境地球化学分析和微宇宙培养实验等研究手段,从环境生物地球化学作用的角度探讨了微生物介导下沉积物中氟的迁移释出行为。研究证明,高氟区沉积物总氟质量分数介于206.2~781.0 mg/kg之间,主要含氟矿物为长石、云母、方解石、绿泥石、角闪石等。培养条件下,溶液中的氟质量浓度与微生物生长曲线呈现良好的一致性;在培养初期,溶液中的氟质量浓度迅速上升,而后逐渐缓和,14 d后呈下降趋势。其中,黏土类沉积物的释氟量较大,砂土类沉积物释氟量较小。有、无碳源对照培养说明,沉积物中一定量的碳源可被微生物代谢利用,但碳源不是影响微生物在此环境中作用的主要因素。研究证明,原生微生物代谢活动可以显著促进沉积物中氟的迁移释出,微生物作用下不同岩性沉积物中氟的释出特征也有显著的差异,本研究工作有助于进一步丰富环境氟循环的理论认识。 相似文献
17.
3种塘鳢含肉率及肌肉营养成分分析与比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对褐塘鳢(Oxyeleotris marmoratusBleeker)、尖头塘鳢(Eleotris oxycephalaTemminck et Schlegel)和线纹尖塘鳢(Oxyeleotris lineolatus)含肉率和肌肉营养成分进行了分析与比较。结果表明,含肉率以褐塘鳢为最高(51.26%),其次是尖头塘鳢(47.08%)和线纹尖塘鳢(42.53%)。3种圹鳢的蛋白质、灰分和水分含量基本一致,但粗脂肪的含量差异较大,最高为尖头塘鳢(0.33%),其次是褐塘鳢(0.23%)和线纹尖塘鳢(0.13%)。必需氨基酸含量大小依次是褐塘鳢(8.92%)>尖头塘鳢(8.83%)>线纹尖塘鳢(8.53%)。呈味氨基酸含量大小顺序是尖头塘鳢(7.72%)>褐塘鳢(7.65%)>线纹尖塘鳢(7.45%)。可见,三种塘鳢肉味鲜美、脂肪含量低、营养丰富,经济性状较好,值得推广养殖。 相似文献
18.
Biogenic silicate accumulation in sediments, Jiaozhou Bay 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 INTRODUCTION Silicate, or silicic acid (H4SiO4), is a very im- portant nutrient in the ocean. Unlike other major nu- trients such as phosphate and nitrate or ammonium, which are needed by almost all marine plankton, silicate is an essential chemical req… 相似文献
19.
南海北部渔场表层沉积物中的硫化物 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了给南海北部渔场的资源和环境保护提供基础数据,用碘量法测定了南海北部陆架区表层沉积物中硫化物含量.结果表明,全部28份样品中硫化物含量为3.3～42.2mg/kg(干重,下同),平均为12.1mg/kg,符合外海含量低的一般规律,明显低于沿岸海湾的含量,远低于日本渔业环境质量标准(200mg/kg)和安全下限值(400mg/kg).硫化物含量在测站间和不同区域间存在一定差异,南北方向呈近岸(13.1mg/kg)略高于离岸(12.1mg/kg)、离岸略高于远岸(11.1mg/kg)的梯度分布,但梯度差异不显著(p＞0.10);东西方向的分布特点是粤西海域(23.7mg/kg)＞海南岛以东(15.3mg/kg)＞台湾浅滩(9.4mg/kg)≈粤东海域(8.7mg/kg)≈珠江口外海域(8.6mg/kg).空间分布不太均匀主要是受沉积物类型的影响,与陆源硫化物输入的关系不大. 相似文献
20.
考洲洋底质中硫化物的含量与分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 999年 2月和 8月对考洲洋底质硫化物状况进行了调查。结果表明 :考洲洋底质中的硫化物含量在 1 3 7～ 2 2 8 7mg·kg- 1(干重 ,下同 )之间 ,平均值为 1 2 8 2mg·kg- 1。其含量呈养殖区 >河口入海区>近湾口区非均匀分布。丰水期间底质硫化物含量略高于枯水期的。底质硫化物含量与底质有机质含量和化学耗氧量的呈正相关关系。以全国海岸带污染调查关于底质硫化物含量标准 (3 0 0mg·kg- 1)比较 ,硫化物含量未出现超标现象 ;与其它海湾比较 ,其含量高于海南的安游湾而低于或远低于深圳湾、红海湾、衙前湾、南澳湾和雷州湾以及厦门西海域和大连湾 相似文献