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河北沽源张麻井铀-钼矿床围岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
沽源-红山子铀成矿带河北沽源张麻井铀-钼矿床赋存在张家口组第三段流纹岩与流纹斑岩、石英斑岩的接触带附近,主要受隐爆角砾岩控制。研究表明,张麻井铀-钼矿床赋矿流纹岩、流纹斑岩和石英斑岩的锆石具有清晰的环带结构,Th/U比值高,属典型的岩浆成因锆石。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,流纹岩12颗锆石的206Pb/238U年龄变化范围为136~144 Ma,加权平均年龄为(138.6±1.4)Ma(MSWD=2.4);流纹斑岩11颗锆石的206Pb/238U年龄变化范围为136~145 Ma,加权平均年龄为(140.2±1.6)Ma(MSWD=2.2);石英斑岩11颗锆石的206Pb/238U年龄变化范围为132~147 Ma,加权平均年龄为(136.2±2.9)Ma(MSWD=1.8)。由此可见,流纹岩、流纹斑岩和石英斑岩的同位素年龄在误差范围内一致,指示火山喷发和斑岩就位发生在早白垩世早期,与滨西太平洋成矿域以火山岩为赋矿主岩的热液型铀矿的围岩形成时代一致,沽源-红山子铀成矿带早白垩世早期次火山岩与同期火山岩的接触带附近是寻找铀矿的有利空间。 相似文献
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江西上饶梨子坑火山盆地潜火山岩地球化学特征、
锆石U-Pb年龄及其与铅锌矿成矿关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了上饶梨子坑火山盆地分布最广的潜火山岩—花岗斑岩和流纹斑岩岩石学、岩石地球化学、稀土微量元素地球化学特征,并开展了锆石U-Pb定年。结果表明,周家矿区花岗斑岩体年龄为164.6±1.0 Ma,相当于晚侏罗世;蔡家坪和橙树坪矿区流纹斑岩的年龄分别为137.0±2.1 Ma、138.8±1.4 Ma,为早白垩世。结合区内潜火山岩的特征及其与铅锌矿在赋存空间、成矿时代、热液蚀变、物质来源等方面的关系,认为梨子坑火山盆地内的晚侏罗世—早白垩世的花岗斑岩和流纹斑岩是本区铅锌矿最重要的成矿母岩和赋矿岩体,这为本区今后的找矿指明了方向。 相似文献
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大湾斑岩-矽卡岩型锌钼矿床地处太行山北段成矿带中,是该段重要的金属矿床之一.五台群板峪口组和长城系高于庄组为主要赋矿围岩,锌钼矿体主要赋存在流纹斑岩体内及斑岩与围岩接触部位.文章对大湾矿床内2件赋矿流纹斑岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代测定,获得206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值分别为(137.1±0.9)Ma(MSWD=0.56,n=24)和(136.8±1.2)Ma(MSWD=0.40,n=22);对矿区4件辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os定年,得到加权平均年龄为(136.5±1.0)Ma,等时线年龄为(136.1±2.3)Ma,在误差范围内成岩成矿时代一致,显示大湾锌钼矿床形成于早白垩世.大湾矿床中辉钼矿的w(Re)为5.816～16.484μg/g,反映了矿床成矿物质来源具有壳幔混合特征.区内流纹斑岩和蚀变体系为进一步找矿勘查的有利标志. 相似文献
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尕尔穷-嘎拉勒铜金矿集区是班-怒结合带南部的重要矿集区.矿集区内发育大面积火山岩, 利用锆石U-Pb年代学方法, 首次精确测定了研究区内不同地层中火山岩年龄, 并结合其岩石地球化学特征探讨了其形成构造背景.研究表明, 区内朗久组火山角砾岩成岩年龄为141.7.0±0.47 Ma(MSWD=0.43), 多爱组流纹岩年龄为136.80±0.48 Ma(MSWD=0.79), 形成时代为早白垩世初期, 属于班公湖-怒江洋南向俯冲的岩浆作用响应; 原定多爱组火山角砾岩(GE火山角砾岩)年龄为85.20±0.53 Ma(MSWD=3.40), 形成时代为晚白垩世, 不属于早白垩世多爱组产物, 属于洋盆消亡后羌塘陆块与冈底斯陆块汇聚阶段的火山作用产物, 晚于尕尔穷铜金矿的成矿年龄(86.87±0.50 Ma).岩石地球化学特征表明, 区内火山岩均具有相对富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素(LILE), 而亏损Ta、Nb、Yb、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE)的特征, 显示出弧火山岩特性.结合区域已有火山岩研究资料表明, 在班公湖-怒江洋南向俯冲过程中, 从早白垩世初至中晚期均有比较连续的火山作用, 持续时间约为30 Ma(140~110 Ma); 在班公湖-怒江洋盆消亡后的羌塘陆块与冈底斯陆块汇聚晚阶段, 又伴随有晚白垩世火山作用的发生, 该期火山作用与区内成矿岩体年龄相当, 可能为同一岩浆系统的产物. 关键字: 火山岩; 班公湖-怒江特提斯洋; 俯冲; 碰撞; 尕尔穷-嘎拉勒矿集区; 地球化学. 相似文献
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三个锆石U-Pb SHRIMP年龄对雄村特大型铜金矿床容矿火成岩时代的重新厘定 总被引：10，自引：5，他引：5
位于冈底斯造山带中西段的雄村特大型铜金矿床产于日喀则弧前盆地北缘的旦狮庭组火山岩中。文章通过对雄村矿床矿体外围英安斑岩、矿带内花岗闪长斑岩脉和矿体深部花岗闪长斑岩3个样品的锆石U-Pb SHRIMP年龄测定,获得成岩年龄分别为(195±4.6)Ma(MSWD=1.48)、(179±5)Ma(MSWD=2.6)和(175±5)Ma(MSWD=3.2),表明这套火山岩是形成于早侏罗世而不是此前一致公认的晚白垩世。在已知成矿时代为始新世(38.11Ma)的情况下,这些早侏罗世容矿火山岩时代的确定自然就排除了该矿床属斑岩型或海底喷流沉积型成因的可能性。另外,矿床受NWW向断裂破碎带控制,缺少浅成低温热液矿床的蚀变矿化组合,成矿流体具有岩浆水与大气水混合特征,矿石硫化物与容矿火山岩具有一致的S、Pb同位素组成。这些成矿特征与胶东焦家式金矿具有很大的相似性,推测该矿床很可能属于破碎带蚀变岩型铜金矿床。 相似文献
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本文在对山西支家地银多金属矿床地质特征研究的基础上,对矿区出露的火山-次火山岩(流纹斑岩、石英斑岩、花岗岩)中的锆石做了系统的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄测定:石英斑岩成岩年龄为135.4±0.8 Ma,流纹斑岩成岩年龄为136.2±0.6 Ma,花岗岩成岩年龄为136.2±0.7 Ma,其时代均为早白垩世,表明该区出露的火山–次火山岩属于同一期岩浆活动的产物。石英斑岩与成矿关系密切,其成岩年龄135 Ma可以近似作为支家地矿床的成矿年龄。流纹岩和石英斑岩在化学成分上表现为富硅(SiO_2=72.43%~78.48%)、高钾(K_2O/Na_2O值平均为25.17)、强过铝质(A/CNK=1.24~1.95),二者稀土元素和微量元素特征非常类似,微量元素明显富Rb、Th、K、La、Nd、Zr等、相对亏损大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr、Eu等元素,Ti含量较低,属轻稀土元素富集型的钾玄岩系列过铝质花岗岩类,花岗岩仅在P和K元素化学成分上与前2者相差比较大(石英斑岩和流纹岩富K,亏损P,而花岗岩反之)。矿区三类岩石地球化学特征显示其具后碰撞花岗岩的特征,推测其可能形成于后碰撞伸展环境。本次所获锆石U-Pb年龄,不仅丰富了研究区火山-次火山岩类的同位素年龄资料,也为建立中生代构造–岩浆–成矿事件提供了重要信息。 相似文献
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长江中下游金牛盆地花岗斑岩和流纹斑岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2
金牛盆地位于鄂东南矿集区,是长江中下游成矿带重要的火山岩盆地之一.相对宁芜和庐枞盆地,金牛盆地找矿一直没有取得重大突破,对其中次火山岩的年代学、成因和成矿属性的研究也很少.本次选择盆地中心吴佰浩地区深部钻孔中的花岗斑岩和流纹斑岩,开展锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素的研究工作,获得了流纹斑岩锆石206Pb/238U的加权平均年龄为128±1Ma (n=14,MSWD=2.5),锆石Hf同位素(176Hf/177Hf),和εHf(t)分别为0.28247～0.28262和-2.5～ -7.7;花岗斑岩锆石206 Pb/238U的加权平均年龄为129±1Ma (n=12,MSWD=1.3),锆石Hf同位素(176Hf/177Hf),和εHf(t)分别为0.28239～0.28259和-3.6～-10.7.本文确定金牛盆地中流纹斑岩和花岗斑岩的形成时代为129～128Ma,与金牛盆地火山岩的形成时代(130～125Ma)相当,暗示金牛盆地火山岩和次火山岩均形成于早白垩世,流纹斑岩和花岗斑岩是壳幔混合的产物.金牛盆地火山岩的形成时代与宁芜、、庐枞盆地相当,次火山岩的形成时代也与宁芜、庐枞盆地玢岩铁矿的成矿岩体相当.提出金牛盆地除应关注玢岩铁矿外,更应该关注与次火山岩有关的热液金矿. 相似文献
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内蒙古鸡冠山钼矿流纹斑岩的成岩年龄及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
内蒙古鸡冠山钼矿床是近年来发现的一个大型斑岩型钼矿床,位于华北克拉通北缘、西拉沐沦钼矿带的中段,产出于一破火山机构的NW侧。矿床矿石矿物辉钼矿Re-Os同位素等时线法测得成矿年龄为151.1±1.3Ma,为晚侏罗世成矿。本文通过SIMS锆石U-Pb年龄法,测定流纹斑岩成岩年龄为148.5±3.3Ma(U-Pb等时线年龄,2σ,MSWD=2.2),为晚侏罗世成岩。该成岩年龄与成矿年龄在误差范围内一致,说明与流纹斑岩有关的岩浆活动可能形成成矿的母岩浆,成岩与成矿近乎同时发生。 相似文献
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岗讲铜钼矿床是西藏冈底斯成矿带中段典型的斑岩型矿床,岗讲矿床成岩成矿时代、岩浆演化过程及其与成岩成矿关系尚不明确,利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法对岗讲矿区主要岩体二长花岗斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩和英云闪长玢岩成岩时代进行研究,获得锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值分别为16.6±0.3 Ma (MSWD=0.94,n=10)、16.1±0.2 Ma (MSWD=1.07,n=12)、14.4±0.4 Ma (MSWD=1.12,n=7);同时采用辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年方法首次对岗讲矿床石英硫化物脉中的辉钼矿进行定年,获得12件辉钼矿Re-Os同位素模式年龄集中于13.24±0.20 Ma~13.55±0.22 Ma,加权平均年龄为13.4±0.1 Ma (MSWD=0.65),等时线年龄为13.6±1.6 Ma (MSWD=1.2).结果表明:(1) 岗讲矿区复式岩体侵入序列为含巨斑黑云二长花岗岩-二长花岗斑岩-花岗闪长斑岩-流纹斑岩 (深部定名为英云闪长玢岩),成岩时限为16.6~14.4 Ma,成矿时代为13.4 Ma左右,成岩成矿是一个连续的岩浆演化过程;(2) 辉钼矿中Re含量为155.4~171.1 μg/g,均值为162.9 μg/g,指示其成矿物质中有幔源成分的加入;(3) 矿床产出于中新世印度-亚洲大陆碰撞后伸展构造环境. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
18.
Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
19.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献
20.
Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献