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ENSO冷暖事件与郑州地区汛期气候异常关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用1951—2000年郑州站汛期气温和降水资料，分析了ENSO冷暖事件与郑州地区汛期气候异常的关系。结果发现：ENS0冷暖事件对郑州地区汛期降水和气温均有较大影响，对降水异常的影响更显著。暖事件出现当年，郑州地区汛期易出现降水异常偏少，次年则易出现降水异常偏多；冷事件出现当年，郑州地区汛期降水易出现异常偏多，次年降水出现异常的几率较小。 相似文献
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李海英 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2019,13(4):79-87
采用1961—2016年春季(3—5月)内蒙古逐月降水资料,应用统计相关分析、REOF,对比分析等方法分析研究了内蒙古地区春季降水类型的气候特征以及海洋和大气环流特征。可以发现,内蒙古春季降水具有明显的地域性特征,分为4个类型:全区偏少型,全区偏多型,中西部偏多、东部偏少型,东部偏多、中西部偏少型。研究结果说明,春季降水的大气环流形势受ENSO事件影响。AO的正、负位相对内蒙古不同地区造成不同影响,正位相时有利于中西部降水偏多,负位相时有利于东部偏多。西伯利亚高压偏强,东亚大槽偏弱、偏西,冬季青藏高原积雪偏多,西太平洋副热带高压偏强、偏西,降水落区处在低压槽后,冷空气较为活跃,配合暖湿水汽输送条件,冷暖气流在内蒙古地区交汇便形成多雨区;反之亦然。研究结果对预报员预测思路具有预测指导意义。 相似文献
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刁鹏 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2023,17(6):102-110
基于开都河流域5个国家基本气象站1961—2020年的逐日气象资料，计算了年和季节为主要时间尺度的SPEI指数数据，并利用Morlet小波分析、Mann-Kendall检验、趋势归因等方法，研究该区域的干旱时空演变规律及其原因。结果表明：近60 a，除冬季外，其余时间尺度上的开都河流域均呈干旱化趋势。在空间分布上，流域的年和夏季变化一致，自北向南呈“偏湿—偏干”趋势；春季与秋季变化趋势相同，自西向东呈“偏干—偏湿”趋势；冬季则整体呈“偏湿”趋势。气温是开都河流域干旱变化的主导因素，但流域北部地区干旱变化以降水影响为主，南部地区则受气温影响为主；同时，和静与焉耆区域除冬季外，气温对干旱趋势的贡献均远高于降水贡献，表明该区域干旱化较为严重。开都河流域各时间尺度上的干旱均基本2~6 a一遇，干旱特征多以轻旱为主，中旱次之。其中，春季不仅是重旱事件发生最多时期，还是流域干旱事件发生的主要时期。 相似文献
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一、气候概况1、气候特点1990年甘肃的气候特点是:气温偏高,降水正常偏多,日照正常。灾害性天气多于去年且危害也比去年重。冬季温暖,降水多;初春暖,后春冷,出现倒春寒现象,春季降水多;夏季气温大部地方正常,降水火部地方偏多,中部地区发生了干旱;秋季气温偏高,降水在黄河以东地区偏多。 相似文献
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利用江西省83个站1970—2010年春季(3—5月)降水资料和NOAA的Ni觡o 3.4区海表温度资料,分析了ENSO事件对江西省春季降水的影响。结果表明,ENSO在衰亡年对江西省春季降水有显著的影响,ElNi觡o衰亡年春季江西地区降水偏多,易发生暴雨天气过程,江西北部和南部降水偏多最为显著;La Ni觡a衰亡年春季江西地区降水偏少,不易发生暴雨天气过程,江西东南部降水偏少最为显著。结合对应天气形势分析发现,El Ni觡o(La Ni觡a)衰亡年春季低层(850 hPa)南海的水汽输送偏强(偏弱)、上升运动偏强(偏弱)以及高层(200 hPa)辐散抽吸偏强(偏弱),是造成江西地区降水偏多(偏少)的主要原因。 相似文献
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热带太平洋海平面高度年际异常及其与中国夏季降水的关系 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用1980—2009年共30a的NCEP逐月GODAS海平面高度（sea surface height,SSH）和中国160站降水资料,系统分析了热带太平洋海平面高度季节变化及年际异常特征,初步探讨了海平面高度年际异常与中国夏季降水年际异常之间的相关关系。结果表明：1）热带太平洋海平面高度气候场总体呈＂V＂型分布,西高东低、西北部高于西南部;西北部高值区稳定少动,春夏季大于0.8m的范围较秋冬季略有扩大;西南部高值区春季范围最大且偏北,夏季最小且偏南;赤道区域海平面高度春秋季高于冬夏季。2）多年平均而言,热带西太平洋、西南太平洋的海平面高度年际异常最强,且冬春季较夏秋季更强,赤道中东太平洋年际异常也较大,且秋冬季异常强度和范围都更大,秋、冬和春季海平面高度年际异常与ENSO事件关系密切。3）当冬季发生ENSO事件,可利用热带太平洋海平面高度异常与中国夏季降水异常之间的同期相关关系,预测次年（ENSO事件衰减年）夏季江南地区特别是洞庭湖和鄱阳湖流域、青藏高原东部、江淮流域、内蒙东部降水可能偏多,黄河中下游流域的河套、华北地区以及华南则降水偏少 相似文献
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ENSO与中国夏季年际气候异常关系的年代际变化 总被引：17，自引：6，他引：17
利用热带太平洋海表温度和中国降水和气温站点观测资料,通过滑动相关分析,揭示了ENSO与中国夏季年际气候异常关系的年代际变化事实。结果表明:ENSO与中国夏季年际气候异常的关系既有稳定的方面,又存在年代际变化特征。稳定的关系表现在:处于发展阶段的ENSO事件往往造成华北夏季降水偏少;处于衰减阶段的ENSO事件则易引起长江流域及江南地区夏季降水偏多。而二者关系的年代际变化表现在:1970年代中后期,处于发展阶段的ENSO事件引起的夏季降水异常在华南地区由偏少变为偏多,东北地区则由偏多变为偏少,而江淮地区偏多的现象不再明显,华北和东北夏季气温异常也由偏冷转变为偏暖,而华南则有偏冷趋势;处于衰减阶段的ENSO事件引起的夏季降水异常在华北地区由偏多变为偏少,江淮地区降水由偏少变为正常甚至偏多,华北夏季气温异常则由偏冷变为偏暖,长江流域和华南也有偏暖趋势。利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料合成分析表明,在不同的年代际背景下ENSO引起的东亚中高纬度大气环流异常型发生了明显改变是ENSO和降水气温关系发生年代际变化的原因。 相似文献
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1 基本气候特点
2005年河南基本气候概况为：全省年平均气温基本正常，其中冬季气温明显偏低，为1986年以来最冷的冬天，春、夏、秋季气温偏高。全省年降水量较常年偏多，其中冬季降水正常，春季降水偏少，夏、秋季降水偏多。全省年日照时数偏少。年内相继出现了冬季低温冻害、春季北中部干旱、初夏持续性高温、盛夏暴雨洪涝和秋季连阴雨等多种气象灾害，大雾和雷雨大风、冰雹等强对流天气也时有发生，但总体而言，本年度气象灾害偏轻，气候条件总体正常，属于偏好年景。 相似文献
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1主要气候特点及重大气候事件2004年黑龙江省主要气候特点:气温显著偏高、降水偏少。全省年平均气温为3.8℃,比常年偏高1.2℃,其中12月气温偏低,4、5、7、8月正常,其它各月气温均偏高,初夏全省出现高温(≥30℃)天气,西南部高温日数为近40a来最多值。全省年平均降水量为445m m,比常年偏少1成左右,其中4月及夏秋各月降水均偏少,冬季各月及春季的3、5月降水偏多到特多。春季黑龙江省东部和北部降水异常偏多、强度大,出现了近10a来最为严重的内涝;初夏降水持续偏少,全省大部分地区出现了初夏干旱,西部发生了草地螟虫害;秋季降水偏少,北部林区发… 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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