共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 53 毫秒
1.
利用通辽市9个气象站1961—2013年逐日最低气温资料,以日最低气温≤2℃为指标,建立了单站初霜日期、终霜日期和无霜期序列,分析了近53a的变化特征。结果表明:(1)通辽全市平均初霜日期为9月29日,终霜日期为5月1日,平均无霜期为149d。(2)近53a全市平均初霜日期呈明显的推后变化趋势,终霜日期呈明显的提前变化趋势,无霜日数显著增加。53a初霜推后了9.6d,终霜提前了16.2d,无霜期延长了22.7d。(3)各站初、终霜日期和无霜期序列的离散程度均较大,极差为标准差的4倍以上,早霜年份秋霜可提前在8月14日出现,晚霜年春霜可推迟到6月9日出现。该地初、终霜日期和无霜期年际变化的稳定性差,变率大保证率低,是农作物产量不稳定的主要影响因素之一。 相似文献
2.
利用商洛7县(区)1961—2016年初、终霜日及无霜期资料,运用统计方法对其气候特征及变化趋势进行分析。结果显示:商洛初霜日随纬度和海拔高度的增加提前,终霜日随纬度和海拔高度的增加推迟,无霜期随纬度和海拔高度的增加缩短。商洛区域平均初霜日为10月31日,呈推迟趋势,线性倾向率为2.1d/10a;区域平均终霜日为3月29日,呈提前趋势,线性倾向率为-1.0d/10a;区域平均无霜期为214.7d,呈增长趋势,线性倾向率为3.1d/10a。商洛初霜日推迟趋势十分显著,2003年发生突变;终霜日无明显突变,无霜期日数增长显著,2007年发生突变。 相似文献
3.
利用新疆气象信息中心提供的1961—2021年逐日最低气温资料，基于常规气象统计方法，对不同气候背景下北疆地区初、终霜日和霜期的变化特征进行分析，结果表明：（1）初霜日在背景I下呈较快推迟趋势，速率达0.36 d/a，背景II下变化趋势很小；终霜日在背景I下反呈推迟趋势，速率达0.15 d/a，在背景II下呈较快提前趋势，速率达0.28 d/a；霜期在背景I、II下均呈缩短趋势，缩短速率分别为0.24 d/a、0.35 d/a。（2）在气候背景I下霜期的缩短主要由初霜日推迟而导致，在气候背景II下霜期的缩短主要由终霜日提前所导致。（3）北疆地区平均初霜日在背景II下变化趋势很小是因为此时段下北疆初霜日西部在提前，东部在推迟，且推迟与提前的变化趋势相差较小；平均终霜日在背景I下反呈推迟趋势的气候条件是此时段下北疆春季气温变化趋势为-0.357 ℃/10 a，空间变化上则是因为此时段下北疆终霜日整体呈推迟趋势，仅阿勒泰地区东部、哈密地区东部呈提前趋势，且推迟速率较大，提前速率较小。（4）由气候背景I转为II，北疆初霜日等级出现由低向高移动的趋势，终霜日和霜期则与其相反。（5）相关季节北大西洋涛动指数对于北疆地区初、终霜日的影响较为显著，初霜日与夏季北大西洋涛动指数呈显著负相关，终霜日与秋季北大西洋涛动指数呈显著正相关。 相似文献
4.
利用临沧市气象局1961-2010年霜的地面气象观测资料,分析了临沧市近50年霜的气候变化特征,结果得出:近50年临沧平均初霜日为12月10日,终霜日为2月17日,无霜期为295 d,霜日34 d;20世纪60年代到90年代临沧初霜日正常,终霜日稍推后,无霜期略缩短,进入21世纪初,初霜日推后,终霜日提前,无霜期延长明显;近50年临沧初霜日推后6d,终霜日提前11d,无霜期延长15 d;最短无霜期发生在20世纪90年代,最长无霜期发生在21世纪初.临沧市20世纪90年代中期是无霜期的一个突变点,从1995年开始无霜期从一个相对偏短期跃变为一个相对偏长期. 相似文献
5.
以小于等于0 ℃最低气温作为霜冻指标,利用1961—2008年阿勒泰地区7个测站的逐日最低气温资料,采用现代气候诊断分析方法,分析了该地区初、终霜日和无霜期的气候变化特征。结果表明：近48 a来阿勒泰大部分地区呈初霜迟、终霜结束的早、无霜期延长的趋势,使作物生长季延长,其中哈巴河表现最为显著;极早初霜日发生频数为2—6次,以富蕴最多,极晚终霜日发生频数为1—4次。各站最迟、最早初霜日的差值和最早、最迟终霜日的差值均在30 d以上;哈巴河霜日发生了气候突变。 相似文献
6.
利用韩城1970—2019年初、终霜日及无霜期资料,运用统计方法对韩城初、终霜日及无霜期气候特征及变化趋势进行分析。结果显示:韩城近50 a平均初霜日为10月29日,呈推迟趋势,线性倾向率为16 d/10 a;平均终霜日为3月28日,呈提前趋势,线性倾向率为-57 d/10 a;无霜期为2135 d,呈增长趋势,线性倾向率为67 d/10 a,其变化促使热量资源稳定上升,将有利于农业生产,有助于提高花椒农产品产量和品质。韩城初霜日推迟不明显,2018年发生突变;终霜日提前趋势十分显著,2010年发生突变,无霜期增长趋势十分显著,并在2013年发生突变。韩城初霜日存在2 a和5 a左右的振荡周期,在20世纪70年代中期到80年代初期、90年代中期表现为明显的2 a振荡周期;终霜日存在2～4 a和6 a左右振荡周期,在70年代中期到80年代初期表现为明显的3 a振荡周期;无霜期在70年代中期到80年代初期、90年代末期到2000年初期、2007—2014年表现为明显的2～4 a振荡周期。韩城初霜日和无霜期年际变化基本一致,终霜日呈相反趋势。对韩城初（终）霜日早晚、无霜期长短年份进行划分,终霜日提前或推迟对无霜期的增长或缩短起主要作用,初霜日推迟或提前对无霜期的增长或缩短所起的作用不明显。 相似文献
7.
河套地区初终霜日变化趋势分析及霜冻预防 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用巴彦淖尔市河套地区5个站40a(1971—2010年)的逐年最低气温资料,用统计学方法 ,对河套地区近40a的初、终霜出现日期和无霜期的变化特征进行分析。结果表明:河套地区初霜日日期推后,终霜日日期提前,无霜期逐步延长,霜冻灾害呈逐年减少趋势。通过具体数据分析,有助于了解河套地区霜冻气候的变化特征,为霜冻灾害的预测预防和农作物的种植结构调整提供一定的参考。 相似文献
8.
9.
利用宝鸡市11个县(区)气象站1964—2013年观测资料及低温冻害灾害调查资料,对宝鸡市初、终霜冻日和无霜期的时空分布特征进行分析,结果表明:宝鸡市平均初霜冻日多在9月中旬至10月上旬,平均终霜冻日多在4月上旬至5月上旬,初霜冻日随海拔高度的增高而提前,终霜冻日随海拔高度的增高而推迟。渭河河谷地带无霜期最长为214d,秦岭北麓太白山区最短为150d。宝鸡市初霜冻日呈推迟趋势,线性趋势率为2.4d/10a,50a约推后了12d;终霜冻日总体呈提前趋势,线性趋势率为-1.3d/10a,50a约提前了9d。无霜期以3.7d/10a的线性趋势率延长,50a约延长了18d。50a间宝鸡的气温呈显著上升趋势,1996年发生突变,在气温发生突变后,全市平均初霜冻日推迟了11.9d,终霜冻日提前了11.8d,最早初霜冻日推迟了24.9d,最晚终霜冻日提前了24.5d,无霜期范围向南北部山区推移扩大。 相似文献
10.
宁夏近44年霜冻的气候特征和变化规律分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对宁夏近44a来初(终)霜日、无霜期的气候特征和气候变化用现代气候诊断方法进行了分析,结果表明:宁夏大部分地区初霜提早的概率小于终霜推迟的概率;20世纪60年代到70年代,无霜期缩短,80年代以后初霜日推迟,终霜日提前,无霜期延长;44a来初霜日逐渐推迟,终霜日明显提早,无霜期明显的延长,1981-2004年固原地区表现出初、终霜日不明显提早,无霜期有非常不明显的缩短趋势,44a来初、终霜日发生了气候突变. 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
13.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
14.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
15.
Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
16.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
17.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
18.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
19.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
20.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献