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利用华北地区1992，1995和1996年所施测的高精度GPS结果，对华北地区内部同期不同运动性质的活动单元进行辨别，确定了4个有明显差异运动的活动单元和1个过渡带，它们分别是鄂尔多斯 阴山单元、燕山单元、晋冀鲁单元、胶辽鲁单元和燕——冀过渡带；并给出了这一时期相邻单元间的相对运动，具体为:①鄂尔多斯——阴山单元与燕山单元之间不存在明显的压缩运动（量值为0.41.3 mm/a）；② 晋冀鲁单元背离鄂尔多斯 阴山单元向东偏南40的方向运动，量值为4.41.0 mm/a；③相对于燕——冀差异运动转换带，燕山单元向西偏北38方向运动，量值为2.41.3 mm/a，晋冀鲁单元向东偏南35方向运动，量值为2.30.9 mm/a；④晋冀鲁单元相对于燕山单元向东偏南37方向呈张拉型左旋运动，量值为4.71.4 mm/a；⑤位于晋冀鲁断块南部郯庐带附近的局部地区有偏离晋冀鲁单元的运动，方向为南偏西14，量值为1.51.1 mm/a；⑥相对于晋冀鲁单元，胶辽鲁单元有顺时针运动的趋势。其与燕山单元为邻的北端表现为张拉型右旋运动，南端则表现压性运动．需要说明的是，这里所给出的误差是根据单元内各点位移间的离散性得到的，并不是由观测点位移误差计算求得的．分析结果还表明:①山西带和燕——冀过渡带是体现华北内部相对运动格架及强弱的主要构造活动带，其它构造活动带则为次一级的活动带；② 华北地区整体水平形变并非均匀连续；③华北地区的动力模式可能为地幔拖曳＋边界耦合． 相似文献
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利用沿山西断裂带所布设GPS监测网的4期复测资料（1996～1999）,分析了山西断裂带近期水平运动状态及其与位于监测区北端附近阳原 浑源地震（M＝5.6、39.8N、113.9E,1999-11-01）的关系．结果表明:① 1996～1997年山西断裂带的水平运动不显著;② 1997～1998年山西断裂带水平运动的强度增大,在震源区、忻州地区和介休东北地区出现了3处相对较高的应变区（110-6）;监测带的优势运动方向与其走向相一致,但不存在明显的走滑运动;③1998～1999年山西断裂带优势运动方向尽管与其走向相一致,但与上一年相比,方向大体相反、量值相近;④ 1996～1999年山西断裂带的累积水平运动逐步清晰,从趋势上看可分为３部分:忻州地区以北地区优势运动方向为北北东（0.8cm）;曲沃以南地区为南南西（1cm）;中部地区较杂乱,其南半部形变较大些,但整体不存在优势运动．总体来说,山西断裂带现主要受来自北北东 南南西向张应力场的控制,但不存在走滑运动;1997～1998 年该区可能存在一次较为明显的应力扰动,1999年度基本恢复;阳原 浑源地震是在这一过程之后发生的,该次扰动可能是地震发生的触发机制．从长趋势看,今后要注意的是上述3个运动单元的接合部位． 相似文献
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本文分析了华北北部（大首都圈）地区近十年（１９８３－１９９２年）来的地壳垂直运动。就其运动的性质可明显地分为两个阶段：以１９８９年大同地震为界的前一阶段，表现为应力积累阶段；在同地震后的后一阶段，则表现为地壳垂直运动处于一种反向运动状态。 相似文献
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按地震在空间上的相似活动过程排列的华北与闸粤沿海及银川地震区（带）地震活动周期表，以华北地震活动为主线，将公元前280年咸阳51/2级地震至1988年2月25日彰武4．8级地震间2267件的华北地震活动划分为4个时间层次。其组合关系是，一个超长地震周期由初，前，主，余霞期4个地震期组成；除前震期只有一个地震周期外，初，主，余震期都包含前弱后强两个地震周期；每个地震周期多分为初，前，主，余霞震4个地震段。闽粤沿海地震区和银川地震带的主震段分别与华北初，余震段同期活动。地震周期是介于前人划分的地震幕与地震活动期之间一个新的更为重要的时间层次。华北7个地震周期的起止时间是：－280.50-8.22-80.12-1337.69-1568.37-1730.75-1855.95-1988.15年，并从时空强3方面阐述了华北地震周期性活动规律，分析了3个地震区，带地震周期的相互关系。华北地震周期可作为标准地震周期与不同地区地震周期相对比，具有重要的预报意义。 相似文献
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对保加利亚南部及其周围地区的地震构造进行评述和分析并对此区编辑了地震目录，根据保加利亚南部的地震分布特征，震源机制和应力反演结果，我们给出：（１）证实了这个地区的新构造运动与现在正呈Ｎ－Ｓ缶扩张的希腊北部和爱琴海的新构造运动相似的假说；（２）指出地震能量的释放主要与正断层活动有关，破裂可能是由于在斯特鲁马断层带上有一些小的粘滑单元；（３）得到该区的频率震级关系，并推得特征震级在Ｍｓ＝７．０左右；（ 相似文献
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GPS用于区域地壳运动及地夺危险区判定的初步研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用现有的ＧＰＳ复测资料（１９９２￣１９９５）,分析了华北部分区域当前地壳水平运动状态,得到了如下结果：（１）监测区在整体上表现为张性运动,主张应变方向为北西西－南东东;（２）监测区存在两个较大剪应变区－北京地区和临沂附近的郯庐断裂两则;（３）存在一个北北西－南南东条带状的压性区,最大面压缩们于北京地区．（４）位移场具有明显的分区性。 相似文献
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The determination of the coefficient of viscosity of eruptive products gives useful elements to the knowledge of possible variations of composition and physical conditions of the magmas. 相似文献
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As is known, the secular deceleration of the Earth's diurnal rotation is explained mainly by the tidal friction in the ocean. Below we consider this mechanism in some detail, taking into account also elastic deformations of the mantle under the action of ocean loading and the interaction between the tide-generating body, ocean tidal wave, liquid outer core, and solid inner core. It is shown that elastic displacements of the core-mantle boundary under the action of ocean loading are of about the same amplitude and phase as the elastic loading displacements of the Earth's outer surface. As a result, side by side with the mechanism of secular deceleration of diurnal rotation of the mantle, there are also (1) the opposite mechanism of secular acceleration of diurnal rotation of the outer liquid core and of the solid inner core and (2) the mechanism of excitation of differential rotation in the liquid core. Taking these effects into account, we compare theoretical and modern observed data on the eastward drift of the solid inner core. It is shown that the best agreement may be obtained if the turbulent viscosity of the liquid core is about 2 × 10
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Poise 相似文献
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Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica - 相似文献
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The nutations of the planets Mars andEarth are investigated and compared. Alarge number of interior structureparameters are involved in the nutationcomputations. The comparison between the observations and the computationsprovides several constraints on these parmeters andtherefore allows a better understanding of the physics of the interior of theplanet. For the Earth, the high precision of the observations of the nutationshas led to a very good determination of interior properties of the planet. ForMars, observations of nutations are not yet available, and we review how theamplitude of the Martian nutations depends on the hypotheses consideredfor its interior. Although Mars is very similar to the Earth, its interior is not well known;for example, we don't knowif its core is liquid or solid. Only if the core is liquid,the Free Core Nutation (FCN) normal mode exists and can alter the nutationswhich are close to the resonance. From the observed geoids, it is known thatboth planets are not in hydrostatic equilibrium. The departure is larger forMars than for the Earth, and consequently, the implication of considering a convective mantle instead of a mantle in hydrostatic equilibrium described byClairaut's equation for the initial equilibrium state of the planet is largeron the Martian nutations than on the Earth nutations. The consequences of theuncertainty in the core dimensions are also examined and shown to be of a veryhigh influence for Mars if the core is liquid, due to the potential changes inthe FCN resonance. The influence of the presence of an inner core, which isknown to exist for the Earth, could be more important for Mars than for theEarth if the inner core is large. Due to the presence of Tharsis on Mars, thetriaxiality of this planet has, additionally, larger effects than on Earth. 相似文献
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地震激励下处于深水中的桥墩和周围水体的相互作用将对桥梁结构的动力响应产生较大影响。首先对地震作用下水-桥墩的相互作用理论做了概括,给出了动水压力对桥墩的作用效应及各自的适用范围;对主要的三种考虑流固耦合效应的分析方法做了对比,探讨了地震作用下影响水-结构相互作用的主要因素,并对今后的研究提出了建议。 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The magnetic evolution of the active region of the Sun at the level of the photosphere has been studied. Magnetic synoptic maps of the 2007 Kitt Peak Observatory were... 相似文献
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V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
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The geodynamic interpretation of the results of GPS observations among the permanently operating stations which establish the frame for defining and conserving the coordinate system and simultaneously for describing the fundamental tendencies of dynamics in the area represented by them, should be deprived of the effects of geodynamic phenomena, which can be either periodic or short-term (even non-periodic) so that secular changes may be found. Some of these influences are included in scientific processing software, others have to be modelled later. The purpose of this project is to determine the influences of the indirect effect of ocean tides and the direct deformational effect of the atmosphere on the results of GPS observations, performed at stations Pecný (Czech Republic), Wettzell (FRG) and Graz (Austria), and also for the GPS stations of the Central Europe Regional Geodynamic Project (CERGOP) in the region of Central and East Europe. On the basis of analyses and results it is possible to claim that at the present accuracy of GPS observations the influence of ocean loading and atmospheric pressure effects for geodynamic campaigns in the region of the Czech Republic is negligible. For campaigns in larger regions (i.e. Central Europe) atmospheric corrections will have to be applied to height differences. These corrections, however, due to their periodicity have negligible influence on secular changes. 相似文献