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An extensive programme of full-scale ambient vibration tests has been conducted to measure the dynamic response of a 542 m (centre span of 274 m) cable-stayed bridge—the Quincy Bayview Bridge in Illinois. A microcomputer-based system was used to collect and analyse the ambient vibration data. A total of 25 modal frequencies and associated mode shapes were identified for the deck structure within the frequency range of 0–2 Hz. Also, estimations were made for damping ratios. The experimental data clearly indicated the occurrence of many closely spaced modal frequencies and spatially complicated mode shapes. Most tower modes were found to be associated with the deck modes, implying a considerable interaction between the deck and tower structure. No detectable levels of motion were evident at the foundation support of the pier. The results of the ambient vibration survey were compared to modal frequencies and mode shapes computed using a three-dimensional finite element model of the bridge. For most modes, the analytic and experimental modal frequencies and mode shapes compare quite well, especially for the vertical modes. Based on the findings of this study, a linear elastic finite element model appears to be capable of capturing much of the complex dynamic behaviour of the bridge with very good accuracy, when compared to the low-level dynamic responses induced by ambient wind and traffic excitations. 相似文献
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The spatial variability of input ground motion at supporting foundations plays a key role in the structural response of cable-stayed bridges (CSBs); therefore, spatial variation effects should be included in the analysis and design of effective vibration control systems. The control of CSBs represents a challenging and unique problem, with many complexities in modeling, control design and implementation, since the control system should be designed not only to mitigate the dynamic component of the structural response but also to counteract the effects of the pseudo-static component of the response. The spatial variability effects on the feasibility and efficiency of seismic control systems for the vibration control of CSBs are investigated in this paper. The assumption of uniform earthquake motion along the entire bridge may result in quantitative and qualitative differences in seismic response as compared with those produced by uniform motion at all supports. A systematic comparison of passive and active system performance in reducing the structural responses is performed, focusing on the effect of the spatially varying earthquake ground motion on the seismic response of a benchmark CSB model with different control strategies, and demonstrates the importance of accounting for the spatial variability of excitations. 相似文献
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基于环境振动的斜拉桥拉索基频识别 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16
斜拉索是现代斜拉桥最重要的结构构件，索力在斜拉桥的施工控制和长期监测中起着重要作用。振动测试法是斜拉桥索力测定、监测和状态评估中应用最广泛的一种方法。振动法测索力的关键在于准确地识别出索的基频。本文使用自功率谱和倒频谱方法，基于MATLAB平台，开发出了斜拉桥拉索环境振动模态分析图形用户交互(GUI)工具箱，实现了斜拉索基频的快速自动识别。应用本文的方法，对福州青洲闽江主跨605m斜拉桥拉索的环境振动实测加速度数据进行了分析处理，斜拉索基频识别方便直观，结果可靠。 相似文献
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The dynamic behaviour of two curved cable‐stayed bridges, recently constructed in northern Italy, has been investigated by full‐scale testing and theoretical models. Two different excitation techniques were employed in the dynamic tests: traffic‐induced ambient vibrations and free vibrations. Since the modal behaviour identified from the two types of test are very well correlated and a greater number of normal modes was detected during ambient vibration tests, the validity of the ambient vibration survey is assessed in view of future monitoring. For both bridges, 11 vibration modes were identified in the frequency range of 0ndash;10Hz, being a one‐to‐one correspondence between the observed modes of the two bridges. Successively, the information obtained from the field tests was used to validate and improve 3D finite elements so that the dynamic performance of the two systems were assessed and compared based on both the experimental results and the updated theoretical models. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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关于结构振型参与系数和振型贡献的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用振型分解反应谱法求解多自由度弹性体系的地震反应时,为了在满足所需计算精度的前提下减少工作量,需要对振型数量进行合理的选择,而振型数的确定主要取决于结构各阶振型对总体反应的贡献。通过数学推导,对振型贡献及振型数量的选择问题进行了研究。首先,讨论了振型参与系数的性质,在此基础上给出了能够反映结构振型贡献参数的数学表达式,对这些参数的力学含义进行了解释,并给出了相关证明;其次,对有效质量法、振型位移控制法等基于不同振型贡献标准的确定振型数的方法进行了分析比较,指出了其合理性和不足。本文研究对进一步理解结构振型贡献和振型数的选择问题具有一定的理论意义。 相似文献
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The theoretical and experimental investigation of a cable-stayed bridge after major repair is described in this paper. Strengthening mainly involved the suspension system (originally with prestressed concrete stays) which was retrofitted by means of external tendons. Full-scale tests were conducted to measure the dynamic response of the repaired system; the experimental program included both traffic-induced and free vibration measurements. A total of 16 vertical frequencies and mode shapes were identified in the frequency range of 0–10 Hz. In the theoretical study, vibration modes involving deck, towers and cables were determined by using finite element models which accounted for the strengthening effects. Two- and three-dimensional models were used so that the importance of three-dimensional modes was estimated as well. The experimental results were compared to natural frequencies and mode shapes computed using theoretical models. For most modes the measured and predicted modal parameters compare well, especially for the vertical modes involving in-phase motion of the stays. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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基于模态曲率法的大跨度斜拉桥损伤识别 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大跨度斜拉桥是重要的交通结构,研究其在主梁损伤条件下的损伤定位问题具有重要的工程价值。合理选择设计参数并对其进行敏感性分析,根据现场实测的桥梁动力特性数据,通过调整选定的设计参数对初始的有限元模型进行修正。在基准有限元模型的基础上,通过模拟不同位置和不同程度的主梁损伤,探讨了模态曲率法对结构损伤识别的有效性。结果表明,模态曲率法能够对大跨斜拉桥进行初步的损伤定位,确定主梁单处损伤和多处损伤的损伤位置;对于单处损伤,在噪声水平3%的情况下仍具有较好的适用性。从而为后期更为精确的桥梁结构损伤检测提供依据。 相似文献
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In order to extend our knowledge of the performance of long-span bridges under earthquake loading the effects of spatial variability of ground motion on the structural response of cable-stayed bridges are studied; the result can be useful to practising bridge engineers. The multiple-support excitation analysis is described, and two three-dimensional models representing the modern and future trends in cable-stayed bridge design are utilized to shed some light on salient features of the seismic response characteristics of these modern bridges. In addition, models of steel- and concrete-design alternates of an existing bridge are considered. Differential ground motion records (obtained from dense instrument arrays) are used as synchronous and non-synchronous support motions; in addition, non-dispersive seismic waves travelling along the bridge are considered. The bridge response to non-uniform ground motion is compared to its response to uniform input. An overview of the unique dynamic characteristics of these cable-supported bridges is also presented. Finally, the study, which was used in the seismic design of several existing cable-stayed bridges in U.S. and Canada, indicates that the response quantities may increase substantially from the non-uniform input ground motion, especially for more rigid bridges and for bridges having different dynamic properties of the local soils at the supporting points, but the degree of increase depends upon the specific problem, in particular upon the aspects of span length, rigidity and structural redundancy. Thus, the response to non-uniform input ground motion should be examined for these bridges. 相似文献
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斜拉桥结构减震设计优化研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
位于中强以上地震烈度区的大跨斜拉桥结构,如果采用传统的抗震设计方法,通常很难满足结构的抗震设计要求,因此采取一定的减震措施显得非常必要。本文以某一总长为2 088m的大跨双塔双索面斜拉桥为分析算例,对斜拉桥结构的减震设计进行了研究。合理的减震结构体系是取得良好减震效果的前提,通过分析对比,该大跨斜拉桥横向采用局部减震体系最为合理,即只在近塔辅助墩处设置横向粘滞阻尼器,其它塔、墩处采用常规的横向约束方案。为使减震结构得到更好的减震效果,还应对减震装置参数进行优化设计。由于采取了合理的减震结构体系、较优的减震装置参数,使该大跨斜拉桥取得了很好的减震设计效果。 相似文献
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Active tendon control of cable-stayed bridges subject to a vertical sinusoidal force is experimentally and analytically studied. Emphasis is placed on the effects of linear and non-linear internal resonances on the control (due to the presence of the cable vibration). A simple cable-supported cantilever beam is used as a model. It is found that active tendon control is very effective in vertical girder motion with small cable vibration (girder dominated motion), whereas it is not effective in vertical girder motion with large cable vibration (cable dominated motion). Analytical prediction is very satisfactory except for the latter case. 相似文献
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主要研究斜拉桥地震响应中拉索与梁、塔动态相互作用和行波效应的影响,索一桥相互作用的影响是根据结构动力学中广义自由度的概念,把索的振型作为自由度来考虑,通过把索边界节点的位移和索局部振型位移叠加得到索的整体位移,行波效应是通过在不同支承点输人具有一定相位差的同一条地震动模拟.以一座斜拉桥为例进行了数值模拟和参数分析,结果... 相似文献
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Structural identification of Egnatia Odos bridges based on ambient and earthquake induced vibrations
Evaggelos Ntotsios Christos Karakostas Vasilios Lekidis Panagiotis Panetsos Ioannis Nikolaou Costas Papadimitriou Thomas Salonikos 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2009,7(2):485-501
The dynamic characteristics of two representative R/C bridges on Egnatia Odos motorway in Greece are estimated based on low
amplitude ambient and earthquake-induced vibrations. The present work outlines the instrumentation details, algorithms for
computing modal characteristics (modal frequencies, damping ratios and modeshapes), modal-based finite element model (FEM)
updating methods for estimating structural parameters, and numerical results for the modal and structural dynamic characteristics
of the two bridges based on ambient and earthquake induced vibrations. Transverse, bending and longitudinal modes are reliably
identified and stiffness-related properties of the piers, deck and elastomeric bearings of the FEMs of the two bridges are
estimated. Results provide qualitative and quantitative information on the dynamic behavior of the bridge systems and their
components under low-amplitude vibrations. Modeling assumptions are discussed based on the differences in the characteristics
identified from ambient and earthquake vibration measurements. The sources of the differences observed between the identified
modal and structural characteristics of the bridges and those predicted by FEMs used for design are investigated and properly
justified. 相似文献
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利用有限单元法,基于力学原理和几何协调条件,导出了非对称箱型截面梁单元的弯扭耦合刚度矩阵,建立了斜拉桥在车辆荷载作用下的横向动力分析模型。由于考虑了箱梁的约束扭转,该模型能够分析复线或多线铁路桥在偏载作用下的横向振动问题。以桥梁轨道随机不平顺作为激振源,进行了机车过桥的实例分析。计算结果表明,桥梁的车激横向动力响应随车速及轨道不平顺样本的不同而变化,并随桥跨的增加而快速变得显著,车辆偏载对箱梁扭转振动有显著影响,所建立的力学模型是斜拉桥车桥耦合振动分析的实用模型。 相似文献
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地震动空间变异性对千米级斜拉桥结构随机地震反应的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于随机振动理论,以苏通长江公路大桥为背景,对超大跨度斜拉桥在随机地震荷载作用下的动力响应展开研究,详细分析地震动空间变化特性对千米级斜拉桥结构动力响应的影响.研究结果表明:相干效应对主梁纵向弯矩影响比较大,尤其是中跨部位;而局部场地效应相对影响较小.对于主梁轴力而言,行波效应影响较为显著,主梁轴力的最大值增大约70%之多,但对竖向剪力并无突出影响.与一致激励比较,行波效应使得跨中竖向位移均方根增大约74%,相干效应为60%,而局部场地效应为13%.对于不同的内力和位移响应,地震动空间变化特性的影响程度和规律不尽相同,必须区别对待,具体问题具体分析. 相似文献
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The dynamic non-linear behaviour of three-dimensional long-span cable-stayed bridges under seismic loadings is studied. The cases of multiple-support as well as uniform seismic excitations of these long and flexible structures are considered. Different sources of non-linearity for such bridges are included in the analysis, as outlined in the companion paper. In this accompanying analysis a tangent stiffness iterative procedure is utilized to estimate the non-linear seismic response. Numerical examples are presented in which a comparison between a linear earthquake-response analysis (based on the utilization of the tangent stiffness matrix of the bridge at the dead-load deformed state which is obtained from the geometry of the bridge under gravity load conditions) and a non-linear earthquake response analysis using the step-by-integration procedure is made. In these examples two three-dimensional bridge models representing recent and future trends in cable-stayed bridge design are utilized. The study sheds some light on the salient features of the seismic analysis and design of these long contemporary bridges. In addition, parameters affecting the seismic response of these bridges are discussed: other factors considered are non-linearity, uniformity and spatial variation of ground motion inputs and structural configuration. 相似文献