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南盘江盆地是华南板块西南缘最大的沉积盆地之一。它的构造属性、形成时间及机制长期存在争议,影响着对华南印支造山过程的准确理解。南盘江盆地内除三叠系填充物外,断续出露着古生代碳酸盐岩。这些古生代碳酸盐岩实为三叠纪盆地下伏地层在盆地伸展张开过程中形成的断隆,在这些断隆周边发育有似层状或脉状辉绿岩,记录了南盘江盆地发育初期或早期的地质演化信息。本文用CamecaIMS1280二次离子质谱仪对南盘江盆地东南部八渡辉绿岩中的斜锆石和锆石进行了U-Pb同位素测试,分别获得206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值(269.3±4.2)Ma(95%置信度,N=15,MSWD=0.27)和(265.0±2.9)Ma(95%置信度,N=8,MSWD=0.02),表明八渡辉绿岩侵位于中二叠世沃德期(Wordian;265.1～268.8Ma),指示了南盘江盆地在此时处于伸展构造体制。这与南盘江盆地内广泛发育晚二叠世—早三叠世(258～248 Ma)基性岩浆活动,以及南盘江盆地晚二叠世—早三叠世时期沉积环境由碳酸盐岩台地相沉积快速转变为以浊积扇相为主的深水沉积等地质事实,共同表明南盘江盆地在中二叠世—早三叠世处于伸展构造体制。 相似文献
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在武夷山中段西侧，即赣南于都—宁都一带，发育北北东向中生代逆冲构造系。该逆冲系由南东往北西逆冲，对其进行构造解析发现，是印支期和燕山期构造的叠加。其中印支期逆冲构造表现有构造窗和飞来峰等，显示缓倾角特征，在空间展布上呈叠瓦状，与晚古生代地层的褶皱相伴生，构成一种褶皱逆冲带型式的构造样式，这期构造被燕山期构造强烈破坏。 相似文献
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渤海西南海域自中生代以来历经多期构造活动,记录了华北克拉通的破坏过程。为了明晰渤海西南海域中生代构造演化与区域构造间的关系,以研究区三维地震资料以及深层钻井资料为基础,结合区域构造背景,厘定了研究区中生代构造特征,恢复了中生代构造演化过程,并探讨了其动力学机制及其对华北克拉通破坏的响应。结果表明:(1)不同于渤海湾盆地陆上油区NEE向的构造面貌,渤海西南海域发育多走向、多类型构造,三维地震资料揭示中生代发育NWW向负反转裂陷、NEE向走滑逆冲、挤压褶皱等异于新生代伸展样式的特殊构造,其中尤以NWW向负反转构造占主导。(2)渤海西南海域中生代以来经历了印支期逆冲褶皱成山、燕山早期左旋逆冲改造、燕山中期裂陷反转以及燕山晚期褶皱等多期变形过程, 其中印支期逆冲褶皱是潜山形成的关键时期,而燕山中期反转是构造体制发生变革的关键时期。(3)NWW向构造的形成与印支期华南板块与华北板块的碰撞有关,燕山早期左旋走滑是太平洋板块NWW向俯冲于华北板块之下的结果,代表太平洋构造域接替古特提斯构造域控制华北板块变形;燕山中期的裂陷反转与区域大规模中基性岩浆活动相对应,是华北克拉通大规模破坏的浅层响应。印支期NWW向先存构造燕山中期反转裂陷模式的提出,丰富了传统华北克拉通破坏形成NEE向盆地的简单构造模式。 相似文献
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鄂东南多层次滑脱拆离及其与桐柏-大别山滑脱拆离的对接关系 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
江汉盆地南北分别耸峙着幕阜山和桐柏—大别山。两大山脉均由前震旦系为核以震旦系、古生界、中新生界为翼组成复式背斜。两大复式背斜均以多层次滑脱拆离为特色。幕阜山北侧鄂东南构造自南而北,桐柏—大别山南侧构造自北而南向着江汉盆地滑移,并于江汉盆地对接。幕阜山复式背斜北翼的滑脱拆离构造平面上分为后缘拉伸带、中部滑脱带、前缘挤压带。对接带东段呈北西向,西段呈近东西向;东段以逆冲断层的对冲式对接,西段以褶皱式对接。表层拆离主要原因是重力滑动,基底拆离的原因仍待探讨。滑脱拆离发生于印支—燕山期。印支—燕山期的褶皱作用、山脉隆起、区域拆离滑动是相继而统一的过程,并与伸展作用密切相关。 相似文献
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沁水盆地南缘自中生代以来,主要经历了印支期、燕山期、喜马拉雅期三期构造活动的影响。通过对地表露头的断 层面擦痕、纵弯褶皱及共轭节理系的研究,获得了古构造应力场信息。在研究区东部 NNE 向的太行山断裂带内,逆冲挤压 构造非常明显,与其相伴发育的不对称背斜构造表明其主压应力方向为 110°;中部的 EW 向正断层、地堑系可能是印支期 近 SN 向挤压作用下形成的逆冲构造经历了新生代构造反转作用而产生的,新生代伸展作用非常显著,伸展方向为 26°, 249°,347°;西部边界由近 SN 向断裂组成,存在新生代近 EW 及 NEE-SSW 向伸展运动的擦痕证据,伸展方向为 94°,72°。 区内发育 NNW-SSE,NW-SE,NE-SW,NEE-SWW,近 SN 等几个方向的共轭节理系,表明存在过燕山期 NW-SE 向的水平 挤压构造应力场和喜山期 NE-SW 向水平挤压构造应力场,近 EW 向水平挤压应力场可能是在这两期主要构造应力场转换过 程中形成的。 相似文献
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陆-陆斜向碰撞过程中形成的拉分盆地及构造变形史、变形样式及动力学、流体大规模运移与构造岩相学记录等是值得重视的大陆动力学问题,也有助于对西秦岭卡林型-类卡林型金矿和多金属矿成矿规律的深入研究.西秦岭陕西凤县—太白县晚古生代拉分盆地是热水沉积-改造型多金属矿床和金矿集中区.本文采用构造-岩相学研究方法,对该拉分盆地的构造-热流体变形历史、变形样式及动力学、盆地流体驱动力等进行了研究,认为该拉分盆地构造变形史复杂,构造变形序列为:(1)石炭纪—中三叠世构造反转与热流体叠加改造期(DS1).(2)印支期陆-陆全面斜向碰撞挤压体制下拉分盆地发生挤压收缩变形、断裂-褶皱作用、岩浆侵位形成热叠加改造和脆韧性剪切变形(DS2).(3)燕山期陆内造山期构造断陷、岩浆侵位形成热叠加改造与脆性变形(DS3).石炭纪—中三叠世反转构造样式为泥盆系发生分层剪切流变构造、热流体角砾岩化叠加构造岩相和南部温江寺—留凤关拉分断陷盆地.印支期—燕山期,该盆地内部构造变形样式有复式褶皱与压扭性断裂构造、脆韧性剪切带、逆冲推覆构造、反冲构造与冲起构造.在该盆地南北缘形成了对冲式逆冲推覆构造.盆地流体运移受构造变形驱动,在该盆地东部,印支期西坝复式中-酸性岩浆侵入提供了区域性热流体叠加改造的稳定热源场.研究认为“M-W”型复式背斜和断裂带控制了多金属矿床后期改造富集和矿体定位.反冲构造与冲起构造控制了金矿和多金属成矿分带.“W-M”型复式向斜和脆韧性断裂带控制了卡林型-类卡林型金矿的形成,其中,倒转向斜和脆韧性剪切带对于八卦庙类卡林型金矿多期多阶段富集成矿具有显著控制作用,温江寺卡林型金矿受复式向斜和脆性断裂带控制. 相似文献
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长江中下游燕山期逆冲推覆构造及成因机制 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3
长江中下游地区为我国著名铜、铁多金属成矿带之一.本文根据长江中下游及邻近地区构造等特征,将该区构造单元自北向南划分为华北地块、大别造山带、长江中下游前陆构造带、扬子地块、华夏地块;并进一步将长江中下游前陆构造带细分为保康-武汉-宿松-巢湖褶冲带、长江中下游中生代坳陷带、通山-瑞昌-石台-宁国褶冲带三个次级构造带.在燕山早期,长江以北的保康-武汉-宿松-巢湖褶冲带逆冲构造极性指向SE,而长江以南的通山-瑞昌-石台-宁国褶冲带逆冲构造极性指向NW.长江以南褶皱样式在岳阳-通山-瑞昌一线以南由隔挡式变为隔槽式,叠瓦式逆冲断裂更发育.在九岭-幕阜山隆起及南部的白垩纪红色盆地基底中逆冲断裂多为高角度,褶皱多为隔槽式,元古宇的浅变质岩卷入逆冲作用,为典型的厚皮构造.长江以北的紧闭同斜褶皱主体形成在印支期,随后被早燕山期的逆冲推覆作用改造.结合野外地质调查,通过对已有跨长江中下游地区的深地震剖面重新解释,发现以长江为界,长江中下游地区北侧深部、浅部构造处于耦合状态;而南侧深部、浅部构造已经脱藕,形成上下地壳的“鱼骨刺”结构,深部构造可能是是印支期扬子地块向华北地块下俯冲的残余结构.长江中下游地区浅部从北向南的逆冲作用应该与大别造山带超高压变质岩挤出有关,而从东南向北西的逆冲推覆作用可能同中侏罗世古太平洋板块向亚洲大陆俯冲有关. 相似文献
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桂中坳陷改造期构造样式及其成因 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
桂中坳陷的构造演化一般划分为原型期和改造期两大阶段。改造期主要属于挤压构造样式,目前的研究还相对比较薄弱。从大地构造动力学背景入手,结合区域地质事件,按照盆地发育世代与造山带演化阶段,综合近期野外地质调查与深层地球物理勘探成果等,分析了改造期挤压构造样式。主要有三大区域性冲褶变形构造系,包括大瑶山逆冲推覆构造系,右江逆冲推覆构造系以及雪峰山隆起南缘重力滑覆构造系。总体上,负向地形多褶皱紧闭,正向地形形成相对宽缓的箱状复式背斜褶皱;深层主要发育有基底断裂卷入引发的冲起构造以及与断层相关的断弯、断展、滑动等褶皱样式,浅层有逆冲推覆、纵弯、叠加等褶皱样式。目前桂中坳陷受到东西两侧剪切、向南拉张的应力作用。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献