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1.
《铀矿地质》2020,(4)
灰池子岩体外围发育有黑云母伟晶岩、二云母伟晶岩和白云母伟晶岩3种类型的伟晶岩,对该区铀及三稀矿产具有重要的控制作用,但是对伟晶岩的含铀性因工作程度较低而缺乏系统研究。文章以灰池子岩体外围3种伟晶岩为研究对象,在系统分析不同类型伟晶岩的地质及放射性特征基础上,指出灰池子岩体外围黑云母伟晶岩、二云母伟晶岩和白云母伟晶岩的放射性强度依次减弱,其含铀性依次变差;黑云母伟晶岩是研究区最主要的富铀伟晶岩,是寻找铀矿的目标伟晶岩。通过对研究区富铀黑云母伟晶岩地球化学特征分析研究并与光石沟伟晶岩型铀矿进行系统对比,提出了研究区富铀伟晶岩的野外地质及放射性、矿物组合和地球化学找矿标志,且对指导该区铀矿进一步勘查具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
2.
位于幕阜山岩体西南缘的仁里稀有金属矿田是近年来华南地区新发现的一处重要花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿产地,铌钽矿体赋存于岩体内外接触带伟晶岩中,具有明显成矿分带性.文章选取仁里矿床岩体内接触带36号伟晶岩脉为研究对象,开展伟晶岩的地球化学及云母Ar-Ar年代学研究,探讨其与花岗岩围岩成因关系及岩体内接触带伟晶岩的成岩成矿时代,以丰富仁里矿田稀有金属成矿作用研究.研究表明,36号伟晶岩具高硅(w(SiO2)为72.87％～76.21％)、高铝(w(Al2O3)为13.69％～15.14％)、低钙镁铁、相对富碱(w(Na2O+K2O)为6.59％～8.33％)、(高钾)钙碱性及过铝质特征;微量元素总体富集Nb、Ta、Hf、U等高场强元素(HFSE),相对亏损Ba、Sr等离子亲石元素(LILE);稀土元素总量(ΣREE)13.95×10-6～71.63×10-6,轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,具壳源特征.白云母Ar-Ar坪年龄为早白垩世(136.6±1.4)Ma,成矿作用发生于仁里矿田稀有金属大规模成矿的早阶段.地球化学及矿物学特征显示,36号伟晶岩与花岗岩围岩具有良好的演化关系,结合野外观察现象及成岩年龄,认为36号伟晶岩为花岗质岩浆侵位后残余岩浆结晶分异的产物,母岩为中粗粒片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩. 相似文献
3.
四川甲基卡锂矿床为超大型锂矿床,矿区南部呈岩株状产出的二云母花岗岩与稀有金属伟晶岩在时间、空间及成因上具有密切关系。通过对该岩体元素地球化学特征和氢氧同位素组成的研究,探讨了其在稀有金属成矿过程中的作用。研究结果表明,甲基卡二云母花岗岩为富硅、高钾、钙碱性、强过铝质S型花岗岩,其稀土总量较低,岩浆来源为三叠系西康群砂泥岩为代表的地壳物质的部分熔融,流体来源可能是岩浆水和变质水的混合水。岩体微量元素R型聚类分析显示,与稀有金属成矿最密切的元素为Li、Rb、Ti、W、Mn,而岩体稀有元素含量的变化规律指示岩体北侧成矿效率高于南侧,是下一步找矿工作的重点。综合地球化学、氢氧同位素及前人研究,认为花岗岩浆在底辟侵入过程中可能发生了不混溶作用,由此分离出的伟晶岩浆在运移过程中稀有金属得到不断富集,最终形成伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床。 相似文献
4.
李靖辉 《华东地质学院学报》2010,33(3)
在陕西商丹三角地区秦岭群地层中发现了两个小型伟晶岩型铀矿床和数个铀矿化点.在豫西,灰池子岩体从陕西向东延伸至卢氏黄柏沟-骑马河-里曼坪一带.灰池子岩体就位于商丹断裂和朱夏断裂之间秦岭群地层.秦岭群是一套深变质岩系.灰池子岩体为Ⅰ型花岗岩.伟晶岩划分三种类型:黑云母伟晶岩、二云母伟晶岩和白云母伟晶岩.围绕该岩体,伟晶岩的分布具有水平和垂直分带性,岩体的内带为黑云母伟晶岩,远离岩体分布为白云母伟晶岩,介于两者之间为二云母伟晶岩.产于加里东的黑云母伟晶岩稀土元素特征属轻稀土型,具有较强的铕亏损,岩石化学特征具有高硅(73%)、富碱、K＞Na,贫Fe,Mn,Mg,Ca等.副矿物为钛铁矿-独居石-晶质铀矿组合.晶质铀矿主要赋存在伟晶岩的黑云母或稀土中.形成时代为426 M8.在灰池子岩体外带的河南部分伟晶岩具有较好的铀成矿前景,特别是卢氏县的里曼坪、骑马河和黄柏沟一带找矿潜力较大. 相似文献
5.
豫西卢氏五里川地区新发现的柳树湾铀矿碱交代成矿作用明显,对于豫西成矿带新一轮找矿战略行动具有直接指示意义.通过岩石学、岩石化学和同位素定年等研究,认为早古生代中期,深源岩浆上侵、熔融、交代中元古代秦岭微陆块,形成富碱含铀的灰池子岩体（429.4±5.3 Ma）和花岗伟晶岩（417.4±2.3 Ma）;早古生代晚期,混有幔源成分的含U、Na、Zr、Hf流体和含U、K、Nb、Ta流体富碱流体交代花岗伟晶岩,塑造了柳树湾花岗伟晶岩铀矿床;富碱流体在改变了岩体及伟晶岩的碱质（K+Na）、硅质（SiO2）、REE和Zr、Hf、Ti等元素分布环境的过程中,导致锆石U-Pb、白云母Ar-Ar和辉钼矿Re-Os同位素封闭体系受损.碱交代作用是岩体、花岗伟晶岩成岩以及柳树湾铀成矿的根本原因. 相似文献
6.
河南省卢氏县灰池子岩体外围花岗伟晶型铀矿地质特征研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
灰池子岩体外围发育大量的伟晶岩脉,是伟晶岩型铀矿的重要富集区,已在陕西境内发现2个大型伟晶岩型铀矿床。经过近几年的铀矿勘查,在河南省卢氏县灰池子岩体外围也发现了伟晶岩型铀矿体,证明该区存在巨大的铀矿找矿潜力。然而,由于该区研究程度较低,不利于进一步的铀矿勘查。文章以灰池子岩体外围含铀伟晶岩为研究对象,在全面分析其宏观、微观及地球化学特征的基础上,指出研究区伟晶岩型铀矿以晶质铀矿和铀钍石的形式赋存于黑云母花岗伟晶岩中,并提出了伟晶岩型铀矿的宏观、微观及地球化学找矿标志。通过对研究区伟晶岩铀矿石与光石沟铀矿石的对比研究,发现两区铀矿石虽具有相似的矿物组成及结构构造等特征,但在常量及微量元素含量、副矿物种类、岩石分异度、稀土元素及微量元素配分等方面存在一定差异,推测导致这种差异的主要原因与两个地区所处的构造位置及岩浆活动强烈程度有关。 相似文献
7.
西昆仑大红柳滩一带锂辉石矿基本特征和勘查新进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
西昆仑大红柳滩一带伟晶岩型锂铍等稀有金属成矿带位于康西瓦断裂南侧、大红柳滩-郭扎错断裂北侧,该区内广泛发育三叠纪二长花岗岩,锂铍矿体产于花岗伟晶岩中,近几年的矿产勘查工作,发现了多处具有大型—超大型找矿前景的锂铍等稀有金属矿产地。本次研究在系统收集资料的基础上,确定了锂辉石矿基本特征,开展了成矿条件、成矿规律研究。研究表明该区稀有金属矿的成矿时代为晚三叠世—早侏罗世,矿体受伟晶岩脉控制明显,伟晶岩脉的含矿性与岩体之间空间分布距离具有一定的关系,一般表现为近岩体含矿性差,远离岩体含矿性好的特征。三叠纪岩体周边的伟晶岩脉具有良好的稀有金属矿产的找矿前景,有形成稀有金属矿产接替基地的条件。 相似文献
8.
《中国地质调查》2019,(6)
湘东北幕阜山地区分布传梓源(锂矿、铌钽矿)、仁里(钽铌矿)和虎形山(钨矿、铍矿)大型稀有金属矿床,是湖南省重要的伟晶岩型稀有金属矿集区。通过对幕阜山地区花岗岩和伟晶岩开展年代学和地球化学研究,探讨该区燕山期岩浆演化与稀有金属成矿的关系,结果表明:该区岩浆活动自侏罗纪(154 Ma)持续到白垩纪(92 Ma),形成了复式花岗岩体和伟晶岩脉,伟晶岩空间具有含矿分带性;伟晶岩的成矿年龄(130～127 Ma)与二云母二长花岗岩的成岩年龄(137～129 Ma)相近,成矿作用与岩浆高分异演化密切相关;伟晶岩含矿分带性受成矿流体温度影响,矿流体温度由岩体向外成逐渐降低,形成了"岩体内伟晶岩型铍矿带—距岩体0～3 km伟晶岩型铌钽矿带—距岩体3～5 km伟晶岩型锂铌钽矿带—距岩体5～10 km石英脉型铍矿带"的环状分布格局。 相似文献
9.
湘东北幕阜山地区分布传梓源(锂矿、铌钽矿)、仁里(钽铌矿)和虎形山(钨矿、铍矿)大型稀有金属矿床,是湖南省重要的伟晶岩型稀有金属矿集区。通过对幕阜山地区花岗岩和伟晶岩开展年代学和地球化学研究,探讨该区燕山期岩浆演化与稀有金属成矿的关系,结果表明: 该区岩浆活动自侏罗纪(154 Ma)持续到白垩纪(92 Ma),形成了复式花岗岩体和伟晶岩脉,伟晶岩空间具有含矿分带性; 伟晶岩的成矿年龄(130~127 Ma)与二云母二长花岗岩的成岩年龄(137~129 Ma)相近,成矿作用与岩浆高分异演化密切相关; 伟晶岩含矿分带性受成矿流体温度影响,矿流体温度由岩体向外成逐渐降低,形成了“岩体内伟晶岩型铍矿带—距岩体0~3 km伟晶岩型铌钽矿带—距岩体3~5 km伟晶岩型锂铌钽矿带—距岩体5~10 km石英脉型铍矿带”的环状分布格局。 相似文献
10.
湘东北幕阜山地区分布传梓源(锂矿、铌钽矿)、仁里(钽铌矿)和虎形山(钨矿、铍矿)大型稀有金属矿床,是湖南省重要的伟晶岩型稀有金属矿集区。通过对幕阜山地区花岗岩和伟晶岩开展年代学和地球化学研究,探讨该区燕山期岩浆演化与稀有金属成矿的关系,结果表明: 该区岩浆活动自侏罗纪(154 Ma)持续到白垩纪(92 Ma),形成了复式花岗岩体和伟晶岩脉,伟晶岩空间具有含矿分带性; 伟晶岩的成矿年龄(130~127 Ma)与二云母二长花岗岩的成岩年龄(137~129 Ma)相近,成矿作用与岩浆高分异演化密切相关; 伟晶岩含矿分带性受成矿流体温度影响,矿流体温度由岩体向外成逐渐降低,形成了“岩体内伟晶岩型铍矿带—距岩体0~3 km伟晶岩型铌钽矿带—距岩体3~5 km伟晶岩型锂铌钽矿带—距岩体5~10 km石英脉型铍矿带”的环状分布格局。 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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13.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
14.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
15.
Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
16.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献
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Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
18.
Mass Fractions of S,Cu, Se,Mo, Ag,Cd, In,Te, Ba,Sm, W,Tl and Bi in Geological Reference Materials and Selected Carbonaceous Chondrites Determined by Isotope Dilution ICP‐MS 
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下载免费PDF全文 Zaicong Wang Harry Becker Frank Wombacher 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2015,39(2):185-208
Mass fractions of S, Cu, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Te, Ba, Sm, W and Tl were determined by isotope dilution sector field ICP‐MS in the same sample aliquot of reference materials using HF‐HNO3 digestion in PFA beakers in pressure bombs and glassy carbon vessels in a high‐pressure asher (HPA‐S) for comparison. Additionally, Bi was determined by internal standardisation relative to Tl. Because isobaric and oxide interferences pose problems for many of these elements, efficient chromatographic separation methods in combination with an Aridus desolvator were employed to minimise interference effects. Repeated digestion and measurement of geological reference materials (BHVO‐1, BHVO‐2, SCo‐1, MAG‐1, MRG‐1 and UB‐N) gave results with < 5% relative intermediate precision (1s) for most elements, except Bi. Replicates of NIST SRM 612 glass digested on a hot plate were analysed by the same methods, and the results agree with reference values mostly within 2% relative deviation. Data for the carbonaceous chondrites Allende, Murchison, Orgueil and Ivuna are also reported. Digestion in a HPA‐S was as efficient as in pressure bombs, but some elements displayed higher blank levels following HPA‐S treatment. Pressure bomb digestion yielded precise data for volatile S, Se and Te, but may result in high blanks for W. 相似文献
19.
Antoni G. Lewkowicz 《Quaternary Research》2011,75(2):334-346
Slope hummocks, a type of nonsorted patterned ground, are composed of stratified, organic, silty sand, and develop through the interaction of niveo-eolian deposition, solifluction, slopewash, and vegetation growth. Fields of hummocks show consistent patterns: forms on convex slopes increase in height downslope until the channel is reached, whereas those on convexo-concave slopes increase on the upper convexity but are buried by niveo-eolian deposition downslope of the snowbank remnant. These trends can be reproduced using a simple numerical model based on measured slope and snow depth profiles, sediment concentrations in the snow and solifluction rates. The model indicates that hummocks transit slopes of 20-40 m in about 2-4 ka, a time-frame that is plausible given site emergence, measured rates of solifluction, and published dates for organic horizons within hummocks on northern Ellesmere Island. Sensitivity analyses show that long-term effect of climate warming on hummock heights may differ depending on whether it is accompanied by precipitation increase or decrease. The required combination of two-sided freezing to promote plug-like movement, incomplete vegetation cover and thin snow that enable eolian erosion during winter and spring, and vegetation growth in snow-bed sites to stabilize niveo-eolian deposits may explain why these forms are important regionally but apparently are not present throughout the Arctic. 相似文献
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电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定卤水中锂钠钾钙镁硼硫氯 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定碳酸盐型、硫酸盐型、氯化物型三种类型卤水中Li、Na、K、Ca、Mg、B、S、Cl等高低含量元素的分析方法。选择仪器最佳的工作条件为射频功率1400W,炬管位置位于-3,载气流量0.60 L/min。确定了各元素测定谱线,使用ICP-AES的双向观测模式、轴向观测模式测定Li、Ca、B、S、Cl以及低含量的K、Mg,径向观测模式测定高含量的Na、K、Mg,可确保卤水中不同含量的元素同时检出。Li、Na、K、Ca、Mg、B、S的检测下限为0.07～3.00 mg/L,Cl的测定下限为165mg/L。方法精密度(RSD,n=10)均小于5%,回收率为92.4%～109.7%。其中Na、K、Mg、S、Cl测定结果与传统方法测定结果基本吻合。 相似文献