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巴颜喀拉块体东部及邻区块体边界断裂变形特征及其强震危险性分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在对巴颜喀拉块体东部及其邻区活动块体划分的基础上,基于刚性块体运动模型,利用1999—2007年GPS数据反演得到巴颜喀拉块体东部及邻区活动块体边界断裂带的长期滑动速率,并且利用一维弹性位错模型反演了各活动块体边界断裂的闭锁深度。根据反演得到的滑动速率和闭锁深度,结合GIS平台上获取的各边界断裂的几何长度得到各边界断裂的主要地震矩累积,并通过对比各断裂带上历史强震目录估算的地震矩释放分析各边界断裂带上的地震矩亏损量,进而分析各活动块体边界断裂的强震背景,以期为区域强震的中长期地震危险性分析和防震减灾策略的制定提供资料。 相似文献
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巴颜喀拉块体活动导致的昆仑—汶川地震系列,是目前中国大陆唯一一组7级以上地震序列,未来几年该块体仍是发生7级地震的主体地区。巴颜喀拉块体东缘从走滑运动向逆冲运动转换的构造动力学性质使得活动块体两个相邻边界带存在大地震序列的关联性。研究表明近期逐渐加速的块体东边界强震序列是北边界强震活动的响应,巴颜喀拉块体南边界的鲜水河断裂带同样以左旋走滑的方式向东边界挤压,但巴颜喀拉块体东南缘地震呈现以下两个特点,一是强震大都发生在巴颜喀拉块体东边界断裂带,东边界强震序列呈现加速状态;二是南边界鲜水河断裂带在1973年炉霍7.6级地震后,已有40多年没有发生7级以上地震,鲜有6.5级以上强震,在此次地震序列中表现出一种大震缺失的状态。因此,巴颜喀拉块体东南缘主要断裂带的地震危险性值得关注和研究。同震库仑破裂应力及震后粘弹性松弛在解释余震序列分布,分析强震序列相互作用关系及未来地震危险性分析等方面发挥了重要的作用。比如汶川地震之后,一些研究者利用弹性位错模型计算了汶川地震的同震库仑破裂应力变化,并对龙门山区域未来的地震危险性进行了估计。一些研究者分别计算了汶川地震和芦山地震后周边断层的同震库仑应力变化,以及汶川地震和芦山地震引起的同震和震后粘弹性松弛应力场变化,得到了汶川地震可能有效地促进了芦山地震的发生的结论。在应力演化过程中,震间构造应力加载对强震危险性的作用也非常重要,目前比较流行的计算这部分应力积累的做法是采用"负位错"的理论进行计算,这一方法虽然简洁,但假设了断层是完全闭锁的,可能会造成一定误差。本文拟以巴颜喀拉块体区域构造活动作为三维有限元模型的边界约束,综合研究区域介质速度、密度结构最新反演结果计算介质的弹性材料参数,从初始应力场出发模拟在构造应力和重力作用下的现今背景应力场,计算强震序列引起的区域内断裂带震前、震间、震后的应力演化,获得更为准确可靠的应力场结果。利用速率-状态关系计算库仑应力变化对研究区域背景地震发生率的影响,利用泊松概率过程计算研究区域在汶川地震和芦山地震震后未来10年6级以上强震的发震概率及研究区域主要断裂带的6级以上强震发震概率。除以上述准动力学的方法研究巴颜喀拉块体东南缘应力演化及地震危险性,本文还以鲁甸地震为例,研究鲁甸地震从成核区开始破裂,然后扩展直至终止的自发破裂动力学过程,探索影响地震自发破裂位错的主要因素。研究内容:(1)建立巴颜喀拉块体东南缘三维粘弹性有限元模型。(2)模拟巴颜喀拉块体东南缘主要断裂带上1900年以来7级以上强震序列的应力演化过程,并对强震序列对芦山地震的触发作用进行了研究,对比库仑应力场及等效应力场演化结果与背景地震活动的关系。(3)应用速率-状态关系研究库仑破裂应力对汶川地震、芦山地震震后研究区域的地震发生率的影响,应用泊松过程给出研究区域主要断层未来的强震发生概率。(4)应用可以描述断层摩擦机制的FAULTS有限元软件对芦山地震断层错动方式,初始破裂点进行了模拟,研究了汶川地震后,断层强度的变化对芦山地震的影响。(5)应用曲线有限差分方法建立鲁甸地震非平面断层自发破裂模型,模拟鲁甸地震在包谷垴—小河断裂上的自发破裂过程,分析影响鲁甸地震自发破裂过程的主要因素。本文的创新点:(1)以三维速度、密度反演结果建立能反映更真实地下介质的三维粘弹性有限元模型;(2)从初始应力场出发,进行数十万年的应力场演化模拟直至获得与现今构造应力场更为吻合的背景应力场用于地震序列模拟;(3)采用泊松概率模型计算地震发生概率时直接基于三维粘弹性有限元模型得到的库仑应力结果,充分考虑了同震、震间和震后效应的影响。同时,在考虑背景地震发生率时采用了更全面完整的地震目录,这可能使得对未来地震危险性的估计更准;(4)对鲁甸地震自发破裂过程进行了动力学模拟,将震间应力积累过程与同震地震破裂过程的模拟结合起来。 相似文献
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青藏高原块体运动模型与地震活动主体地区讨论:鲁甸和景谷地震的启示 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
利用现有的活动断层资料和GPS监测数据等,按照活动块体的基本定义,假定块体的运动近似于刚性块体模型,对青藏高原的活动块体进行了一、二级划分,给出了具有运动学属性的块体运动学模型,通过对10多年来青藏高原系列地震,包括2014年鲁甸和景谷地震与块体运动之间关系的分析,讨论了未来地表破裂型地震活动的主体地区,指出巴颜喀拉和羌塘等块体的主控边界断裂是青藏高原最新1期地震活动的2个主体地区,鲜水河断裂东南段、安宁河断裂、大凉山断裂、小江断裂南段和红河断裂中南段,以及东昆仑断裂玛沁—玛曲段是最新活跃期内可能再次发生7级左右地表破裂型地震的地点;对地表破裂型地震的异常监测应关注块体边界不同构造部位的应变状态差异及其相关物理量的变化特征。 相似文献
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强震成组孕育,成组发生过程中相互间影响的研究 总被引：15，自引：5，他引：15
中国大陆地震具有成组活动的特征，成组强震活动之间有增震和减震作用，本文应用构造块体成组孕育的理论模型讨论了成组强震活动间的相互影响及其物理机制，通过强震成组孕育，成组发生的理论模型分析了一次地震发生对其它震源区应力变化的影响，对前兆复杂性的影响，及此类模型在地震预报工作中的应用。把强震成组孕育和活动的模型应用到危险性分析和地震长期预报研究领域将对地震预报实践起到一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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强震孕育和发生与较大空间尺度和时空演变的地壳运动,尤其是活动块体及其边界带的构造变形密切相关.Matsu'ura负位错模型认为受现今地壳运动驱动下的各活动地块间的相对运动在地块边界处有可能受到部分阻碍,从而导致应力应变积聚.若视块体边界区域的地表位移为刚性块体的(平移)运动减去边界上部(由若干断层段构成,每一断层段用弹性半空间的单一矩形位错模型模拟)对块体相对运动的部分锁定在地表产生的位移.则利用地表位移观测可将区域深部的多个块体与其边界断层联系起来,其通过反演确定的块体边界断层带的相对闭锁区,对地震预报很有意义.而实际存在的地壳变形还应包含块体本身的变形.本文研究建立一种块体弹性变形及其边界负位错部分锁定的水平形变复合作用模型,即增加块体应变参量.经比较研究,此模型较原Matsu'ura负位错模型及笔者以往所作的对模型的初步改进(增加块体旋转参量)更符合地壳运动实际,拟合效果大为改善;进而求取该复合模型形变应变场的时空演化图像,并借助年均应力降(主要反映剪应力强度)与年均地震矩(反映块体边界断层段的能量积累速率)度量断层锁定能量强度,其图像表现力和时空演变定量化程度大幅提高. 相似文献
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云南西部地区的强震和大地震主要发生在一些板内大型走滑断裂带上，有一个10～20 km的深度优势层位；地震的破裂基本上是以走滑型破裂为特征．联系云南岩石层结构与动力学背景，我们认为，本区的地震可能有这样一种成核过程: 由于岩石层结构的层次性、非均匀性，在整个岩石层板块构造运动背景场中，可能会在岩石层的中深部形成局部剪应变集中区或滑动区，尔后这个剪应变集中区或滑动区沿着断层带边界向地表滑移扩展．当滑动由深部向浅部扩展时，滑动峰将遇到断层面上的最大抗剪强度区而被阻碍闭锁，形成一个地震活动空区．随着构造荷载的逐渐增加，滑动最终要向前扩展导致整个闭锁区的失稳破裂，产生大地震．给出了描述这个地震过程的一个简单的近似积分方程；数值结果表明，该模型具有一个向不稳定非线性加速发展的阶段，这个阶段对地震前兆的形成可能有重要意义． 相似文献
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云南西部地区的强震和大地震主要发生在一些板内大型走滑断裂带上，有一个１０～２０ｋｍ的深度优势层位；地震的破裂基本上是以走滑型破裂为特征．联系云南岩石层结构与动力学背景，我们认为，本区的地震可能有这样一种成核过程：由于岩石层结构的层次性、非均匀性，在整个岩石层板块构造运动背景场中，可能会在岩石层的中深部形成局部剪应变集中区或滑动区，尔后这个剪应变集中区或滑动区沿着断层带边界向地表滑移扩展．当滑动由深部向浅部扩展时，滑动峰将遇到断层面上的最大抗剪强度区而被阻碍闭锁，形成一个地震活动空区．随着构造荷载的逐渐增加，滑动最终要向前扩展导致整个闭锁区的失稳破裂，产生大地震．给出了描述这个地震过程的一个简单的近似积分方程；数值结果表明，该模型具有一个向不稳定非线性加速发展的阶段，这个阶段对地震前兆的形成可能有重要意义 相似文献
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A STUDY REVIEW ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SEISMIC ACTIVITY OF ACTIVE-TECTONIC BLOCK BOUNDARIES IN MAINLAND CHINA 
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下载免费PDF全文 More than 80 percent of strong earthquakes(M≥7.0)occur in active-tectonic block boundaries in mainland China, and 95 percent of strong earthquake disasters also occur in these boundaries. In recent years, all strong earthquakes(M≥7.0)happened in active-tectonic block boundaries. For instance, 8 strong earthquakes(M≥7.0)occurred on the eastern, western, southern and northern boundaries of the Bayan Har block since 1997. In order to carry out the earthquake prediction research better, especially for the long-term earthquake prediction, the active-tectonic block boundaries have gradually become the key research objects of seismo-geology, geophysics, geodesy and other disciplines. This paper reviews the research results related to seismic activities in mainland China, as well as the main existing recognitions and problems as follows: 1)Most studies on seismic activities in active-tectonic block boundaries still remain at the statistical analysis level at present. However, the analysis of their working foundations or actual working conditions can help investigate deeply the seismic activities in the active-tectonic block boundaries; 2)Seismic strain release rates are determined by tectonic movement rates in active-tectonic block boundaries. Analysis of relations between seismic strain release rates and tectonic movement rates in mainland China shows that the tectonic movement rates in active-tectonic block boundaries of the eastern region are relatively slow, and the seismic strain release rates are with the smaller values too; the tectonic movement rates in active-tectonic block boundaries of the western region reveal higher values, and their seismic strain rates are larger than that of the eastern region. Earthquake recurrence periods of all 26 active-tectonic block boundaries are presented, and the reciprocals of recurrence periods represent high and low frequency of seismic activities. The research results point out that the tectonic movement rates and the reciprocals of recurrence periods for most faults in active-tectonic block boundaries exhibit linear relations. But due to the complexities of fault systems in active tectonic block boundaries, several faults obviously deviate from the linear relationship, and the relations between average earthquake recurrence periods and tectonic movement rates show larger uncertainties. The major reason is attributed to the differences existing in the results of the current earthquake recurrence studies. Furthermore, faults in active-tectonic boundaries exhibit complexities in many aspects, including different movement rates among various segments of the same fault and a certain active-tectonic block boundary contains some parallel faults with the same earthquake magnitude level. Consequently, complexities of these fault systems need to be further explored; 3)seismic activity processes in active-tectonic block boundaries present obvious regional characteristics. Active-tectonic block boundaries of the eastern mainland China except the western edge of Ordos block possess clustering features which indicate that due to the relatively low rate of crustal deformation in these areas, a long-time span is needed for fault stress-strain accumulation to show earthquake cluster activities. In addition, active-tectonic block boundaries in specific areas with low fault stress-strain accumulation rates also show seismic clustering properties, such as the clustering characteristics of strong seismic activities in Longmenshan fault zone, where a series of strong earthquakes have occurred successively, including the 2008 M8.0 Wenchuan, the 2013 M7.0 Lushan and the 2017 M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquakes. The north central regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, regarded as the second-grade active-tectonic block boundaries, are the concentration areas of large-scale strike-slip faults in mainland China, and most of seismicity sequences show quasi-period features. Besides, most regions around the first-grade active-tectonic block boundary of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau display Poisson seismic processes. On one hand, it is still necessary to investigate the physical mechanisms and dynamics of regional structures, on the other hand, most of the active-tectonic block boundaries can be considered as fault systems. However, seismic activities involved in fault systems have the characteristic of in situ recurrence of strong earthquakes in main fault segments, the possibilities of cascading rupturing for adjacent fault segments, and space-time evolution characteristics of strong earthquakes in fault systems. 4)The dynamic environment of strong earthquakes in mainland China is characterized by “layering vertically and blocking horizontally”. With the progresses in the studies of geophysics, geochemistry, geodesy, seismology and geology, the physical models of different time/space scales have guiding significance for the interpretations of preparation and occurrence of continental strong earthquakes under the active-tectonic block frame. However, since the movement and deformation of the active-tectonic blocks contain not only the rigid motion and the horizontal differences of physical properties of crust-mantle medium are universal, there is still need for improving the understanding of the dynamic processes of continental strong earthquakes. So it is necessary to conduct in-depth studies on the physical mechanism of strong earthquake preparation process under the framework of active-tectonic block theory and establish various foundation models which are similar to seismic source physical models in California of the United States, and then provide technological scientific support for earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation. Through all kinds of studies of the physical mechanisms for space-time evolution of continental strong earthquakes, it can not only promote the transition of the study of seismic activities from statistics to physics, but also persistently push the development of active-tectonic block theory. 相似文献
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本文在前人对中国大陆及周边活动地块研究和划分的基础上，系统研究了6个Ⅰ级活动地块区和22个Ⅱ级活动地块之间共26个活动边界带的构造变形与强震活动，包括强震分布与活动边界带的关系，边界带构造活动速率与地震活动水平及强震复发期等的关系. 给出了边界带强震活动水平与构造活动速率之间的线性关系和强震复发期长短与构造活动速率的反向变化关系. 从而进一步揭示了中国大陆活动地块构造及其块体运动特征，以及块体边界带的构造变形对强震的控制作用. 相似文献
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由跨断层形变测量反映的华北地块近期断裂活动特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对华北地块不同构造部位、不同地震活动时段的跨断层测量资料研究表明，华北地块对于NE走向断裂作用为主的构造单元(包括地块和边界带)的强震活跃时段的断层运动速率明显小于强震不活跃时段；对于NW走向断裂作用为主的构造单元，其强震活跃时段的断层运动速率明显大于强震不活跃时段；对于NE、NW走向断裂共同作用的构造单元，断层运动速率变化特征类似于NW走向断裂作用为主的构造单元。结果还表明，华北地块现今强震活动主要受NW走向断裂的控制。 相似文献
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1996年3月19日新疆阿图什6.9级地震震源破裂特征的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对1996年3月19日新疆阿图什6．9级地震余震分布特征的研究，分析了这次地震震源破裂过程．并结合柯坪断裂带的构造运动、区域应力场的分布特征以及1972年以来该带的另外3次6级地震的余震分布方向，探讨了柯坪断裂带附近地区不同构造部位震源破裂扩展方向与强震活动的迁移方向．结果表明，本次地震震源破裂为明显的单侧破裂．柯坪断裂带的阿图什震区和柯坪震区，余震分布具有一定规律性，震源破裂基本都为单侧破裂；震源断错以逆断层为主．区内主要受NW向压应力。不同地段强震震源破裂扩展具有明显的区域特征，强余震分布方向是应力集中的体现，它标志着同一构造断裂带附近近期强震活动的迁移方向．在柯坪断裂带上这种规律更为明显。 相似文献
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Our field investigation obtains new evidence of the later Quaternary activity and recent large earthquake ruptures of the Garzê-Yushu fault. The average left-lateral slip-rate along the fault is determined to be (12 ± 2) mm/a for the last 50000 years from both offset landforms and ages of the correlative sediments. This result is very close to the estimated average left-lateral slip-rate for the Xianshuihe fault, suggesting that the horizontal movement along the northern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan active tectonic block and the northeastern boundary of the Qiangtang active tectonic block has been basically harmonious during the later Quaternary period. Remains of ground ruptures of recent large earthquakes have been discovered along all 3 segments of the fault, of which, the 1896 rupture on the northwestern segment is at least 70 km long, and its corresponding earthquake could be of moment magnitude 7.3. The latest rupture on the middle segment of the fault has a length of about 180 km, and was produced by an unknown-age large earthquake that could have a moment magnitude of about 7.7. Along the southeastern segment of the fault, the latest unknown-age rupture is about 65 km long and has a maximum left-lateral coseismic displacement of 5.3 m, and its corresponding earthquake is estimated to be as large as about 7.3 of moment magnitude. Based on relevant investigation, an inference has been drawn that the later two large earthquakes probably occurred in 1854 and 1866, respectively. These demonstrate that the individual segments of the studied Garzê-Yushu fault are all able to produce large earthquakes. 相似文献
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Our field investigation obtains new evidence of the later Quaternary activity and recent large earthquake ruptures of the Garzê-Yushu fault. The average left-lateral slip-rate along the fault is determined to be (12±2) mm/a for the last 50000 years from both offset landforms and ages of the correlative sediments. This result is very close to the estimated average left-lateral slip-rate for the Xianshuihe fault, suggesting that the horizontal movement along the northern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan active tectonic block and the northeastern boundary of the Qiangtang active tectonic block has been basically harmonious during the later Quaternary period. Remains of ground ruptures of recent large earthquakes have been discovered along all 3 segments of the fault, of which, the 1896 rupture on the northwestern segment is at least 70 km long, and its corresponding earthquake could be of moment magnitude 7.3. The latest rupture on the middle segment of the fault has a length of about 180 km, and was produced by an unknown-age large earthquake that could have a moment magnitude of about 7.7. Along the southeastern segment of the fault, the latest unknown-age rupture is about 65 km long and has a maximum left-lateral coseismic displacement of 5.3 m, and its corresponding earthquake is estimated to be as large as about 7.3 of moment magnitude. Based on relevant investigation, an inference has been drawn that the later two large earthquakes probably occurred in 1854 and 1866, respectively. These demonstrate that the individual segments of the studied Garzê-Yushu fault are all able to produce large earthquakes.
相似文献17.
MIGRATION OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES IN TIBETAN BLOCK AREA AND DISSCUSSION ON MAJOR ACTIVE REGION IN THE FUTURE 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 YUAN Dao-yang FENG Jian-gang ZHENG Wen-jun LIU Xing-wang GE Wei-peng WANG Wei-tong 《地震地质》1979,42(2):297-315
On the basis of summarizing the circulation characteristics and mechanism of earthquakes with magnitude 7 or above in continental China, the spatial-temporal migration characteristics, mechanism and future development trend of earthquakes with magnitude above 7 in Tibetan block area are analyzed comprehensively. The results show that there are temporal clustering and spatial zoning of regional strong earthquakes and large earthquakes in continental China, and they show the characteristics of migration and circulation in time and space. In the past 100a, there are four major earthquake cluster areas that have migrated from west to east and from south to north, i.e. 1)Himalayan seismic belt and Tianshan-Baikal seismic belt; 2)Mid-north to north-south seismic belt in Tibetan block area; 3)North-south seismic belt-periphery of Assam cape; and 4)North China and Sichuan-Yunnan area. The cluster time of each area is about 20a, and a complete cycle time is about 80a. The temporal and spatial images of the migration and circulation of strong earthquakes are consistent with the motion velocity field images obtained through GPS observations in continental China. The mechanism is related to the latest tectonic activity in continental China, which is mainly affected by the continuous compression of the Indian plate to the north on the Eurasian plate, the rotation of the Tibetan plateau around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, and the additional stress field caused by the change of the earth's rotation speed.
Since 1900AD, the Tibetan block area has experienced three periods of high tides of earthquake activity clusters(also known as earthquake series), among which the Haiyuan-Gulang earthquake series from 1920 to 1937 mainly occurred around the active block boundary structural belt on the periphery of the Tibetan block region, with the largest earthquake occurring on the large active fault zone in the northeastern boundary belt. The Chayu-Dangxiong earthquake series from 1947 to 1976 mainly occurred around the large-scale boundary active faults of Qiangtang block, Bayankala block and eastern Himalayan syntaxis within the Tibetan block area. In the 1995-present Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, 8 earthquakes with MS7.0 or above have occurred on the boundary fault zones of the Bayankala block. Therefore, the Bayankala block has become the main area of large earthquake activity on the Tibetan plateau in the past 20a. The clustering characteristic of this kind of seismic activity shows that in a certain period of time, strong earthquake activity can occur on the boundary fault zone of the same block or closely related blocks driven by a unified dynamic mechanism, reflecting the overall movement characteristics of the block. The migration images of the main active areas of the three earthquake series reflect the current tectonic deformation process of the Tibetan block region, where the tectonic activity is gradually converging inward from the boundary tectonic belt around the block, and the compression uplift and extrusion to the south and east occurs in the plateau. This mechanism of gradual migration and repeated activities from the periphery to the middle can be explained by coupled block movement and continuous deformation model, which conforms to the dynamic model of the active tectonic block hypothesis.
A comprehensive analysis shows that the Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, which has lasted for more than 20a, is likely to come to an end. In the next 20a, the main active area of the major earthquakes with magnitude 7 on the continental China may migrate to the peripheral boundary zone of the Tibetan block. The focus is on the eastern boundary structural zone, i.e. the generalized north-south seismic belt. At the same time, attention should be paid to the earthquake-prone favorable regions such as the seismic empty sections of the major active faults in the northern Qaidam block boundary zone and other regions. For the northern region of the Tibetan block, the areas where the earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above are most likely to occur in the future will be the boundary structural zones of Qaidam active tectonic block, including Qilian-Haiyuan fault zone, the northern margin fault zone of western Qinling, the eastern Kunlun fault zone and the Altyn Tagh fault zone, etc., as well as the empty zones or empty fault segments with long elapse time of paleo-earthquake or no large historical earthquake rupture in their structural transformation zones. In future work, in-depth research on the seismogenic tectonic environment in the above areas should be strengthened, including fracture geometry, physical properties of media, fracture activity behavior, earthquake recurrence rule, strain accumulation degree, etc., and then targeted strengthening tracking monitoring and earthquake disaster prevention should be carried out. 相似文献
Since 1900AD, the Tibetan block area has experienced three periods of high tides of earthquake activity clusters(also known as earthquake series), among which the Haiyuan-Gulang earthquake series from 1920 to 1937 mainly occurred around the active block boundary structural belt on the periphery of the Tibetan block region, with the largest earthquake occurring on the large active fault zone in the northeastern boundary belt. The Chayu-Dangxiong earthquake series from 1947 to 1976 mainly occurred around the large-scale boundary active faults of Qiangtang block, Bayankala block and eastern Himalayan syntaxis within the Tibetan block area. In the 1995-present Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, 8 earthquakes with MS7.0 or above have occurred on the boundary fault zones of the Bayankala block. Therefore, the Bayankala block has become the main area of large earthquake activity on the Tibetan plateau in the past 20a. The clustering characteristic of this kind of seismic activity shows that in a certain period of time, strong earthquake activity can occur on the boundary fault zone of the same block or closely related blocks driven by a unified dynamic mechanism, reflecting the overall movement characteristics of the block. The migration images of the main active areas of the three earthquake series reflect the current tectonic deformation process of the Tibetan block region, where the tectonic activity is gradually converging inward from the boundary tectonic belt around the block, and the compression uplift and extrusion to the south and east occurs in the plateau. This mechanism of gradual migration and repeated activities from the periphery to the middle can be explained by coupled block movement and continuous deformation model, which conforms to the dynamic model of the active tectonic block hypothesis.
A comprehensive analysis shows that the Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, which has lasted for more than 20a, is likely to come to an end. In the next 20a, the main active area of the major earthquakes with magnitude 7 on the continental China may migrate to the peripheral boundary zone of the Tibetan block. The focus is on the eastern boundary structural zone, i.e. the generalized north-south seismic belt. At the same time, attention should be paid to the earthquake-prone favorable regions such as the seismic empty sections of the major active faults in the northern Qaidam block boundary zone and other regions. For the northern region of the Tibetan block, the areas where the earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above are most likely to occur in the future will be the boundary structural zones of Qaidam active tectonic block, including Qilian-Haiyuan fault zone, the northern margin fault zone of western Qinling, the eastern Kunlun fault zone and the Altyn Tagh fault zone, etc., as well as the empty zones or empty fault segments with long elapse time of paleo-earthquake or no large historical earthquake rupture in their structural transformation zones. In future work, in-depth research on the seismogenic tectonic environment in the above areas should be strengthened, including fracture geometry, physical properties of media, fracture activity behavior, earthquake recurrence rule, strain accumulation degree, etc., and then targeted strengthening tracking monitoring and earthquake disaster prevention should be carried out. 相似文献
18.
2020年6月26日新疆于田西昆仑地区发生MS6.4地震, 这是继2008年MS7.3和2014年MS7.3两次于田地震后发生的又一次强震。 判定此次地震的发震构造是进行地震解剖需要解决的一个基本问题。 本文基于GIS平台与技术, 对构造地质、 高分遥感、 地貌地形、 地震、 GPS速度场、 震源机制等各种资料进行整合, 通过跨学科资料的综合分析, 对地震相关的动力学、 运动学机制进行了研究, 对发震构造进行了初步的判定。 此次于田地震的发生可能是2014年强震破裂段进一步向西南方向破裂的结果。 地震精定位结果显示震中位于琼木孜塔格峰附近。 高分遥感解译及构造地貌变形分析的结果表明极震区是一个典型的张性盆岭构造区, 发育有小型的断陷盆地和正断性质的控盆断裂。 震后高分卫星影像表明在震区未发现明显的地表破裂带以及地震次生灾害。 此次地震可能是由西昆仑地块与松潘—甘孜地块之间NE向构造带内张性构造体系的活动而引发的。 由于构造带两侧地块的斜向拉张运动, 使得正断层、 走滑断层在构造带内先后形成并且持续地、 同步地活动。 正断比走滑更主要一些, 其分别能够很好地适应并吸收张性纯剪切分量以及横向简单剪切分量, 从而使得构造带内正断型、 走滑型地震频发, 此次于田MS6.4地震就是在这种背景下发生的。 构造区范围内的地壳自地表向深部可能存在着多层次的张性构造体系, 各个体系之间可能不具有明显的关联性。 本次地震可能与地表张性构造体系关系不大, 推断是深层次张性构造体系活动的结果。 相似文献
19.
在对构造运动差异较大的柯坪块体和天山中部地区地震活动研究基础上,深入分析了这两个不同构造单元的中强地震活动对整体新疆地震形势的影响。不同构造环境下不同构造单元地震活动差异性很大。柯坪块体内构造运动强烈,它是新疆6级地震主要活动区之一。6级地震发生后的1年内,天山地震带是中强地震的主要响应区,在时间上具有短期预测意义。位于特殊构造环境的中天山地区地震少,地震强度低。4次5级地震后的1~3年,新疆地震活动呈明显增强趋势,中天山地区中强地震活动对周边地区中强地震活动会产生触发作用。 相似文献
20.
《地震研究进展（英文）》2023,3(1):100177
The long-term earthquake prediction from 2021 to 2030 is carried out by researching the active tectonic block boundary zones in the Chinese mainland. Based on the strong earthquake recurrence model, the cumulative probability of each target fault in the next 10 years is given by the recurrence period and elapsed time of each fault, which are adopted from relevant studies such as seismological geology, geodesy, and historical earthquake records. Based on the long-term predictions of large earthquakes throughout the world, this paper proposes a comprehensive judgment scheme based on the fault segments with the seismic gap, motion strongly locked, sparse small-moderate earthquakes, and apparent Coulomb stress increase. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the relative risk for strong earthquakes that may occur in the coming 10 years on the major faults in the active tectonic block boundary zones in the Chinese mainland. The present loading rate of each fault is first constrained by geodetic observations; the cumulative displacement of each fault is then estimated by the elapsed time since the most recent strong earthquake. 相似文献