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1.
根据非海相与海相,特别是共同的海相和非海相软体动物化石的对比,并结合放射性同位素测年,中国东北黑龙江东部和辽宁西部,韩国东南部庆尚盆地,日本西南部内带岐阜县北部牧户/庄川地区和外带四国德岛和物部地区早白垩世地层得到了对比,产自这些地层的非海相软体动物的时代也因此受到了约束。著名的中国东北含煤地层龙爪沟和鸡西群,盛产热河生物群/动物群的热河群的时代均为欧特里沃期/巴列姆期阿普特期,它们的上覆地层桦山群和孙家湾组为阿尔必期。韩国西南部新洞群和除金洞组以外的河阳群为阿普特期阿尔必期,不整合于新洞群之下的卯谷组主要为欧特里沃期。日本西南部内带的牧户/庄川地区的手取群和外带德岛和物部地区的物部川群均为欧特里沃期阿尔必期。Cuniopsis kihongi,Nakamuranaia leei,Koreanaia cheongi和Trigonioides(Wakinoa)tetoriensis的时代为欧特里沃期早巴列姆期。Viviparus onogoensis,Unio ogamigoensis,Myrene(Mesocorbicular)tetoriensis及Tetoria(Tetoria)yokoyami为欧特里沃期阿普特期。Arguniella cf.quadrata,A.cf.ventricosa,Sphaerium(Sphaerium)anderssoni,Probaicalia vitimensis和Pr.gerassimovi为欧特里沃期/巴列姆期阿普特期。Nakamuranaia chingshanensis,Plicatounio(Plicatounio)multiplicatus,Sphaerium(Sphaerium)coreanicum和Micromelania?katoensis为阿普特期阿尔必期。Nippononaia sinensis,Nip.tetoriensis,Nip.ryosekiana和Trigo-nioides(Wakinoa)wakinoensis是阿普特期的标志。Trigonioides(Trigonioides)quadratus,T.(T.)heilongjiangensis,Plicatounio(Plicatounio)naktongensis,Unio longus与Sphaerium(Sphaerium)chintaoense为晚阿普特期阿尔必期或阿尔必期的标志化石。我国东北、韩国东南和日本西南部非海相,特别是淡水软体动物接近的相似性表明这三地区在早白垩世时相连,并处于同一水系。但是,在欧特里沃期阿尔必期期间,这一陆块的东部,即频临古太平洋的日本西南部的外带因地势低而多被海水覆盖,在牧户/庄川和黑龙江东部存有遭受海侵的浅而窄的海湾,凡兰吟期,特别是欧特里沃期/巴列姆期之前,中国东北韩国东南部日本西南部陆块为受造山运动引起的隆起和沉降活动影响的高低不平的高原,经受了广泛而长期的剥蚀。多数含有包括熔岩和凝灰岩在内的火山岩,并与北东北北东方向的断裂带近于平行分布的非海相白垩纪盆地直至欧特里沃期/早巴列期(有些地区可能稍早(凡兰吟期))(134～126Ma),即华北克拉通破坏的高峰期(130～120Ma)才形成。这一现象表明,这些盆地受断裂,特别是伴随有强烈火山喷发和时而局部海侵的沿着古太平洋西北缘和郯庐断裂带的构造运动的控制。 相似文献
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我国非海相白垩纪介形类化石可以划分为7个组合:1)分布于我国西北和西南地区欧特里沃期巴列姆期的Jingguella-Minheella-Pinnocypridea组合;2)分布于我国西北和西南地区巴列姆期的Cypridea-Latonia-Darwinula组合;3)阿普特期阿尔必期的Cypridea(Morinina)-Bisulcocypridea-Mongolocypris组合;4)分布于我国东北、中部及东部地区欧特里沃期巴列姆期的Cypridea-Mongolianella-Darwinula组合;5)分布于我国东北、中部及东部地区巴列姆期阿普特期的Cypridea(Cypridea)-Cypridea(Ulwellia)-Limnocypridea组合;6)塞诺曼期塞农期的Cypridea-Triangulicypris-Sunliavia-Lycopterocypris组合;7)坎潘期马斯特里赫特期的Talicypridea-Cypridea-Quadracypris-Candona组合。依据以上7个介形类化石组合,我国22个地区含介形类的73个地层单元(群/组)得到了对比。 相似文献
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本文综述了欧洲白垩纪非海相软体动物群,列出了主要产自英格兰南部、法国和西班牙早白垩世的16个不同沉积层的59个分类单元。淡水动物群以珠蚌类双壳类和田螺类腹足类为主,但在有些地点也存有肺螺类腹足类。这些化石类群与现代类型很相似,说明白垩纪淡水中的水草、氧气与营养环境良好。在欧特里沃期和巴列姆期,淡水与边缘海环境中的动物群组成都发生了显著的变化。欧洲的淡水生物群落早在巴列姆期就已存在,此时的有些类群,如著名的Mar garitifera(s.l.)valdensis在欧洲西部有着广泛的分布。英格兰南部的早白垩世韦尔登群被认为是欧洲最连续的非海相白垩纪地层,其上部的生物群可与西班牙的LasHoyas动物群和法国的Wassy动物群相对比。这3个动物群,以及法国侏罗(汝拉)和英格兰南部波倍克的侏罗纪-白垩纪的过渡生物群——Purbeck动物群,是了解欧洲白垩纪淡水动物群的关键动物群。 相似文献
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列举并尝试对比了非洲早白垩世脊椎动物化石的主要产地。晚侏罗世(坦桑尼亚的敦达古鲁基默里奇期提塘期)至白垩纪最早期(南非的阿尔戈阿盆地凡兰吟期)的组合中含有剑龙、腕龙和梁龙,到前阿普特期(欧特里沃期巴列姆期?)被另一组合所取代。这一更年轻的组合中含有重爪龙亚科棘龙类、大头鳄类鳄鱼Sarcosuchus以及大型禽龙,它们主要来自尼日尔(ElRhaz组和喀麦隆(Koum组),部分来自利比亚(Cabao组)和突尼斯(Douiret组),后两组中还含有鲨鱼Priohybodus ar ambourgi。阿普特期(?)至早阿尔必期组合中仍含有禽龙,但是棘龙科棘龙类取代了重爪龙亚科。早塞诺曼期组合(Bahariya,Kem Kem)以恐龙Spinosaurus、Carcharodonto saurus,鲨鱼(Onchopris tisnumidus)和鳄鱼(利比亚鳄类、无棘腔鳄类)为特征。由此可知,中非的一些原先被认为是早白垩世的地层(坦桑尼亚的Galula组、马拉维的含恐龙层)为晚白垩世。脊椎动物化石在非洲陆相地层的对比中具有重要作用。 相似文献
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青海省南部侏罗纪地层问题讨论 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
青海省南部侏罗纪海相双壳类异常丰富.根据近年来新测制的地层剖面和化石资料,本文分析了该区双壳类动物群的时代意义,从而确立了本区侏罗系应包括中,上侏罗统;海相侏罗纪沉积大致自巴柔阶到基末里阶.东特提斯区北缘的弧形地带,诸如青海南部、藏东、藏北、滇西,缅甸掸邦和泰国呵叻等地在中,晚侏罗世基本上属于同一个生态环境较特殊的双壳类生物地理分区,双壳类动物群表现出强烈的地方性色彩,特别是淡水双壳类动物群cuneopsis—Psilunio—Lamprotula组合,半咸水动物群Corbula—Neomindon组合以及淡水（微咸水）动物群Peregrinococha组合完全是该区特有的土著分子,从时代对比意义上来说,它们之间可对比度更高.云南和平乡组双壳类动物群和本区相比较后表明,和平乡组沉积时代大致相当于巴柔期（含早巴通期）.缅甸南瑶系中的双壳类动物群时代不应晚于巴通期.藏东和青海南部产出的奇异蛤动物群时代则应不早于基末里期. 相似文献
6.
内蒙古海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组孢粉组合 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组自下而上可以划分出两个孢粉组合 :哈氏三角孢 -微细云杉粉 ( Deltoidospora hallii-Piceaepollenites exilioides)组合和澳洲无突肋纹孢 -卵形光面单缝孢 ( Cicatricosisporites australiensis- L aevigato-sporites ovatus)组合 ,分别分布于大磨拐河组一段和二段 ,组合特征明显 ,可以作为研究区内地层划分对比的生物地层学依据之一。两个孢粉组合中见有属种繁多的海金沙科孢子及其他繁盛于早白垩世的孢子花粉 ,结合在数以千计的岩心样品中没有发现可靠的早期被子植物花粉的情况分析 ,推测产这两个孢粉组合的大磨拐河组的地质时代为早白垩世凡兰吟期—欧特里沃期 ( Valanginian— Hauterivian) ,不排除部分进入巴列姆期 ( Barrem ian)的可能 相似文献
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中国非海相白垩纪腹足类组合序列和分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
中国白垩纪非海相腹足类可划分为4个组合:1)早白垩世凡兰吟期巴列姆期Probaicalia vitimensis-Ptychostylus-口盖化石Reesidella robusta组合;2)早白垩世阿普特期阿尔必期Bellamya clavilithiformis-Mesocoshliopa cretacea-Zaptychius costatus-Brotiopsis组合,由于环境的不同,这一组合可分为2个亚组合:Brotiopsis亚组合和Bellamya clavilithiformis-Mesocoshliopacretacea-Zaptychius costatus亚组合;3)晚白垩世科尼亚克期中马斯特里赫特晚期Mesolanistes nanxiongensis组合,由于产出的层位不同,这一组合又可分为2个亚组合,Mesolanistes ziziformis亚组合和Mesolanistes-nanxiongensis亚组合;4)晚白垩世马斯特里赫特期最晚期Palaeoancylusna nxiongensi组合。 相似文献
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江苏白垩纪孢粉组合序列 总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4
根据近年来获得的孢粉化石材料和前人资料 ,建立了江苏白垩纪的孢粉组合序列 ,它们是 : 1)贝里阿斯期至凡兰吟期 (Berriasian— Valanginian)的 Schizaeoisporites- Classopollis annulatus- Ginkgocycadophytus nitidus组合 (云合山组 ) ; 2 )阿普特期至阿尔必期 (Aptian— Albian )的 Cicatricosisporites- Classopollis annulatus-Psilatricolpites组合 (葛村组 ) ; 3)土伦期 (Turonian )的 Schizaeoisporites- Polycingulatisporites- Cycadopites-Cranwellia组合 (浦口组 ) ; 4)科尼亚克期至桑顿期 (Coniacian— Santonian)的 Schizaeoisporites- Classopolisannulatus- Lytharites组合 (赤山组 ) ; 5 )坎潘期 (Campanian )的 Schizaeoisporites- Tricolporopollenitesmicrocirculatus- Betpakdalina组合 (泰州组下部 ) ; 6 )马斯特里赫特期 (Maastrichtian)的 Pterisisporites-Exesipollenites- K urtzipites组合 (泰州组上部 ) ; 欧特里沃期至巴列姆期 (Hauterivian— Barremian)和塞诺曼期(Cenom ainan)的暂缺。 相似文献
10.
一般认为中国北方的燕辽地区(冀北和辽西)是热河生物群起源和演化的中心, 因此中国的大兴安岭北部和俄罗斯外贝加尔地区可视为热河生物群化石分布的北部区。大兴安岭北部一个新发现的化石点产热河生物群鱼群重要分子燕鲟属和中华弓鳍鱼属, 但这一地区还未发现四足动物化石。外贝加尔地区的Krasnyi Yar和Mogoito两个化石点产较丰富的早白垩世脊椎动物化石, 层位和时代分别为Khilok组(阿普特期), Murtoi组(晚巴列姆-中阿普特期)。与热河生物群其他分布区相比, 北部区和燕辽地区的脊椎动物群组成和古环境背景更为相似。 相似文献
11.
《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2000,30(2):401-416
Land-derived pollen and spores and marine dinoflagellate cysts were extracted from the Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments of the West Tiba-1 borehole, northern Western Desert, Egypt, On the basis of the recovered palynomorphs, of known stratigraphical significance, the following stages were assessed: Bathonian-Oxfordian (Middle-Late Jurassic) and Hauterivian, Aptian-Early Albian, Late Albian-Early Cenomanian, Early Cenomanian and Late Cenomanian (Early-Middle Cretaceous). No palynomorphs diagnostic for the Berriasian, Valanginian and Barremian stages (Early Cretaceous) were depicted. Based on the nature and composition of the identified palynomorph content, five informal palynomorph assemblage zones were recognised. These are: the Gonyaulacysta jurassica-Korystocysta kettonensis Assemblage Zone (PI, Bathonian-Oxfordian), Ephedripites-Aequitriradites verrucosus Assemblage Zone (PII, Hauterivian), Afropollis jardinus-Duplexisporites generalis-Tricolpites Assemblage Zone (PIIl, Aptian-Early Albian), Nyssapollenites-Elaterosporites Assemblage Zone (PIV, Late Albian-Early Cenomanian) and Assemblage Zone PV (Early-Late Cenomanian). The latter zone was differentiated into two subzones, namely the Classopollis brasiliensis-Elaterosporites klaszii Assemblage Subzone (PVa, Early Cenomanian) and Afropollis kahramanensis-Triporates Assemblage Subzone (PVb, Late Cenomanian). The time stratigraphy of the studied interval was revised. The occurrences and types of the dinoflagellate cysts, extracted from the studied succession, reflect a general shallow (shelf) marine pal˦oenvironment. 相似文献
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Salah El Beialy Maher El-Soughier Sayed Abdel Mohsen Haytham El Atfy 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2011,59(2-3):215-226
Palynological investigation of the Cretaceous Abu Roash, Bahariya, Kharita, Alamein, Alam El Bueib and Betty formations, encountered in the Gebel Rissu-1 well, north Western Desert, Egypt yielded 27 species of pteridophytic spores, 24 of gymnosperm pollen, 25 of angiosperm pollen and 11 of dinoflagellate cysts in addition to some acritarchs, foraminiferal test linings and freshwater algae. This enabled us to recognize five miospore biozones arranged from youngest to oldest as: Classopollis brasiliensis–Afropollis cf. kahramanensis–Dichastopollenites ghazalataensis Assemblage Zone (Late Cenomanian); Elaterosporites klaszii–Sofrepites legouxae–Afropollis jardinus Assemblage Zone (Middle/Late Albian–Early Cenomanian); Pennipollis peroreticulatus–Duplexisporites generalis-Tricolpates Assemblage Zone (Early Aptian–Early Albian); Tucanopollis crisopolensis–Afropollis sp. Assemblage Zone (Barremian) and Appendicisporites cf. tricornitatus–Ephedripites spp. Assemblage Zone (Late Neocomian).The Early Cretaceous Kharita, Alam El Bueib and the Betty formations encountered in the Gebel Rissu-1 well are interpreted to indicate oxic proximal and distal shelf deposits, characterized by type III/IV, V kerogen, which is gas prone but having little potential to produce hydrocarbons. The Upper Cretaceous Abu Roash and Bahariya formations are characterized by a distal suboxic–anoxic and marginal dysoxic–anoxic environment, and their kerogen type III/II indicates gas/oil prone nature. The Bahariya and Kharita Albian–Cenomanian sediments in the present study witnessed the onset of a semi-arid to arid climate, with local or seasonal humid conditions, based on the continuous high abundance of the elaterates pollen and Afropollis-producing plants that inhabited the paleotropical humid coastal plains. 相似文献
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《Gondwana Research》2007,11(3-4):316-327
Mesozoic brackish-water bivalve faunas in Japan diversified in three steps: at the beginning of the Early Jurassic, Early and Late Cretaceous. The Hettangian Niranohama Fauna in northeastern Honshu represents the establishment of a heterodont-dominated brackish-water fauna that persisted until the early Late Cretaceous. No similar composition is known from the Triassic. The infauna consists mostly of non-siphonate and some short-siphonate heterodonts, while the epifauna is represented by diverse pteriomorphian families. In the Early Cretaceous Tetori Group in central Honshu, the long-siphonate heterodonts Tetoria (Corbiculidae) and the semi-infaunal soft-bottom oyster Crassostrea appeared. The evolutionary diversification of the latter, known as the most important element of modern brackish-water faunas, may thus originate at that time. In the early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of the Goshoura and Mifune Groups in west Kyushu, several euryhaline deep-burrowing heterodont families, such as Veneridae and Tellinidae, further diversified in the brackish and marine environments. The Late Cretaceous is characterized by massive shell biolithic beds in which large Crassostrea species are common, a feature common for Cenozoic brackish-water faunas. The long-term changes in the composition of the brackish-water faunas in Japan represents thus an evolutionary record, irrespective of the severe physiological and environmental conditions imposed on the highly conservative nature of the fauna. 相似文献
14.
<正> 十屋组在松辽盆地南部十屋断陷十分发育,分布稳定,界线清楚,含丰富的孢粉化石,岩性特征、沉积旋迴、厚度清楚。 建立十屋组是为了澄清松辽盆地深层“登娄库组”对比混乱局面,建立正确地层层序,以利于区域地层对比。由于登娄库构造远离松基六井,南北相差近180km,将松基六井 相似文献
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New fossil anurans from the Lower Cretaceous Sasayama Group of Hyogo Prefecture,Western Honshu,Japan
We describe two well-preserved and articulated fossil anurans excavated from the Lower Cretaceous Sasayama Group in Hyogo Prefecture, Western Honshu, Japan, as new taxa on the basis of unique combinations of character states. We performed a phylogenetic analysis that included these new taxa, as well as Mesozoic and archaic anurans. This analysis strongly supports the monophyly of each of the two new taxa, both of which are placed in more derived positions than extant leiopelmatids or Liaobatrachus from the Lower Cretaceous in China. Anuran specimens from the Tetori Group of Japan are not assigned to the two new taxa, suggesting that at least three anuran taxa were present in Japan during the Early Cretaceous. These Japanese representatives are not closely related to known fossil anurans from Eastern Eurasia, unlike recently described Cretaceous lizards from these two regions. 相似文献