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1.
河南窑场铁矿和辽宁思山岭分别位于华北陆块的南缘和东北缘。通过对其主要矿石矿物磁铁矿单矿物的化学成分、热电性及氧同位素的分析发现,磁铁矿均具高Ni低Co的特征,暗示成矿来源与深部物质有关。它们均相对富集轻稀土元素,显示Eu正异常和无明显Ce负异常,其中辽宁思山岭铁矿磁铁矿Eu异常较为强烈。此外,窑场和思山岭磁铁矿的δ18O、热电系数平均值分别为7.1‰、-59.05μV/℃和2.3‰、-57.18μV/℃。化学成分显示两者均应属火山沉积变质成因,其中思山岭磁铁矿类质同像程度较低,结构较为均匀。对华北陆块产出的主要铁建造岩群的磁铁矿δ18O值和稀土元素组成的对比分析结果显示,贫富矿石中磁铁矿氧同位素组成具有规律性,与富化机制有密切联系;不同岩群中贫矿石磁铁矿δ18O值高低与变质程度具有一定联系。根据中太古代-古元古代BIFs的Ce、Eu异常程度的综合分析结果,推测华北陆块BIFs形成时的古海洋整体上处于缺氧或少氧环境,但伴随华北陆块演化,还原环境影响趋弱,不利于条带状铁建造的形成。 相似文献
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河南窑场铁矿和辽宁思山岭分别位于华北陆块的南缘和东北缘。通过对其主要矿石矿物磁铁矿单矿物的化学成分、热电性及氧同位素的分析发现,磁铁矿均具高Ni低Co的特征,暗示成矿来源与深部物质有关。它们均相对富集轻稀土元素,显示Eu正异常和无明显Ce负异常,其中辽宁思山岭铁矿磁铁矿Eu异常较为强烈。此外,窑场和思山岭磁铁矿的δ18O、热电系数平均值分别为7.1‰、-59.05 μV/℃和2.3‰、-57.18 μV/℃。化学成分显示两者均应属火山沉积变质成因,其中思山岭磁铁矿类质同像程度较低,结构较为均匀。对华北陆块产出的主要铁建造岩群的磁铁矿δ18O值和稀土元素组成的对比分析结果显示,贫富矿石中磁铁矿氧同位素组成具有规律性,与富化机制有密切联系;不同岩群中贫矿石磁铁矿δ18O值高低与变质程度具有一定联系。根据中太古代-古元古代BIFs的Ce、Eu异常程度的综合分析结果,推测华北陆块BIFs形成时的古海洋整体上处于缺氧或少氧环境,但伴随华北陆块演化,还原环境影响趋弱,不利于条带状铁建造的形成。 相似文献
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《新疆地质》2019,(4)
为研究北羌塘三叠系康南组灰岩地球化学特征及沉积环境,对研究区灰岩进行全岩分析,探讨古气候条件及海水特征,反演灰岩形成的海水稀土分布模式。结果表明:样品主量元素含量变化较大;具富集Rb,K,Ba,Sr,U,Zr,Th、亏损Ni,Cs,V,Sc,Hf,Nb,Pb的特征;稀土元素总量较低,重稀土元素相对富集,δEu弱负异常,δCe呈明显负异常。主量元素特征反映样品受到陆源物质的混入且混入作用抑制了灰岩的形成;微量元素比值特征反映样品形成于氧化环境。微量元素特征图解反映样品为正常的海水沉积,δEu及δCe异常反映样品受到后期热液活动的影响;康南组灰岩反演海水稀土元素与正常海水稀土组成一致。 相似文献
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矿产远景地质调查过程中,在江西华齐铜多金属矿区发现含矿硅质岩.测试分析显示,区内硅质岩贫Al2O3、TiO2,Co、Cr等元素含量低,贫∑REE,δ(Eu)为负异常,δ(Ce)为弱正异常,HREE相对富集等热水沉积物的特征.在判别硅质岩形成的系列图解上,样品均指示热水沉积作用和大陆边缘环境,这与SiO2/Al2O3、S... 相似文献
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华北克拉通南缘豫西地区中元古代汝阳群备受关注,尤其在年代学和沉积学方面研究成果丰硕。从沉积地球化学角度入手,探讨汝阳群碎屑岩的物源属性和大地构造背景,恢复古沉积环境,为描述华北克拉通南缘中—新元古代地层的精细结构提供依据。主量、微量元素分析结果显示：(1)较白草坪组而言,云梦山组样品SiO2含量更高,Fe2O3、MgO、CaO和K2O含量较低,亲镁铁的过渡族元素和高场强元素明显亏损,暗示云梦山组样品具有较高的成分成熟度,而白草坪组成分成熟度有所降低。所有样品均表现为稀土元素右倾的配分模式,轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素相对平坦,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,中等程度的负Eu异常(δEu=0.60～0.85),弱负Ce异常(δCe=0.80～0.96),与大陆上地壳标准化曲线近于平行。(2)利用微量元素含量及比值(V/Cr、Ni/Co、U/ThSr/Ba、Th/U,Sr/Cu、Rb/Sr值及Ce、Eu异常)进行古环境重建,推测云梦山组和白草坪组为氧化条件下的陆相滨海—浅海相沉积环境,古气候经历了干旱—湿润—干旱... 相似文献
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河北省宣龙式铁矿的地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
本文报道了宣龙式铁矿的主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素、Fe同位素和Nd同位素的分析结果。结果显示:主量元素的化学成分中Fe2O3T的含量最高,并且具有较高的Al2O3、TiO2和P2O5含量;微量元素含量总体与平均地壳相似,并显示氧化-还原敏感元素V、U、Mo的相对富集;稀土总量高、轻稀土元素亏损重稀土元素富集、无Ce、Eu正异常、Y/Ho比值与地壳平均值相似;同时,铁矿具有较低的εNd值,这些特征表明宣龙式铁矿的成矿物质来源为陆源。相对于标准物质IRMM-014,宣龙式铁矿中赤铁矿的Fe同位素组成均为正值,这与由现代蓝细菌氧化而成的赤铁矿Fe同位素组成应小于或等于0不同,因此,宣龙铁矿是由铁细菌氧化为主的生物粘结矿床。此外,铁矿无Ce的负异常;V、U、Mo的相对富集;Fe同位素比值为正值的这些特征均说明当时铁矿沉淀的环境为低氧状态。 相似文献
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陕西南郑马元铅锌矿区灯影组白云岩地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
灯影组白云岩是南郑县马元铅锌矿的赋矿围岩。本文通过野外调研和主、微量及稀土元素的分析研究,探讨了赋矿围岩白云岩的沉积环境。白云岩主量元素CaO为23.15%~30.54%,MgO为16.53%~22.05%,SiO2为0.43%~26.06%,钙镁含量及比值都接近纯白云岩(CaO为30.4%,MgO为21.8%,CaO/MgO=1.39)的值,表明灯影组地层主要为白云岩。Al2O3、K2O、Fe2O3、TiO2含量极低,表明灯影组白云岩基本不受陆源组分的影响。因此,利用微量、稀土元素判别沉积环境是可靠的。白云岩微量元素V/Cr、Ni/Co、V/(V+Ni)比值分别小于2、5、0.6,U/Th比值介于1.89~230.00,均值75.24,后太古代页岩标准化后稀土元素具有中稀土富集、轻稀土与重稀土相当、正Eu异常及正Ce异常的特征。V/Cr、Ni/Co、V/(V+Ni)比值及正Ce异常表明灯影组白云岩沉积时水体处于氧化环境,异常高的U/Th比值及正Eu异常暗示灯影组白云岩沉积时水体受海底喷流热卤水的影响。 相似文献
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“沉积型稀土”是在贵州新发现的一种新类型稀土资源。本次研究通过对赫章辅处地区进行地质调查、精细剖面测量及剖面岩石的元素地球化学分析,总结富稀土岩系不同岩性段地球化学特征并推断其物源。结果显示,赫章辅处地区富稀土岩系分布稳定,按岩性可划分为：铁质岩段、铝质岩段与碎屑岩段,稀土超常富集出现在铝质岩段底部与碎屑岩段,且杂色铝质黏土岩中含量最高,ΣREE(不包括Y和Sc)含量为2542.17×10-6,达到工业品位。该地区富稀土岩系主量元素主要为SiO2、Al2O3和Fe2O3,三者含量之和为78.28%～84.45%,均值为81.13%;TiO2含量相似,其他相容元素明显很低。同时,该岩系亏损大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K、Sr、P,而具较稳定含量的高场强元素Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、Th、U。铁质岩段、铝质岩段及碎屑岩段样品的稀土元素配分模式与玄武岩段类似,均为轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素平坦,δCe、δEu均小于1,显示弱的负异常。主量、微量... 相似文献
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武当地块耀岭河群中两类不同性质的酸性火山岩研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
耀岭河群火山岩中可划分出两类不同性质的酸性火山岩:酸性岩A主要属碱流岩-白碱流岩类,酸性岩B主要属流纹英安岩/英安岩类。总体上看二者主量元素组成差异不大:SiO2含量为65.00%～79.85%,(Na2O+K2O)为5.26%～9.68%。强烈富集Th、Nb、Ta、La、Ce、Nd、Zr、Sm和Hf等微量元素,强烈亏损Ba、K、Sr、P、Ti等元素,稀土元素特征表现为∑REE很高(339.94～1152.85μg/g),具有强烈的铕负异常(δEu=0.18～0.32),与典型的大陆裂谷流纹岩的稀土曲线一致。酸性火山岩B显示K、Rb、Ba、Th和LREE的正异常和Sr、P、Ti和Nb的负异常,Eu具弱负异常(δEu=0.64～0.88),表现出与酸性火山岩A迥然不同的微量元素及稀土元素特征,而与耀岭河群基性火山岩相似,显示其成因可能与之有相同源区。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献