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高效液相色谱法测定海水中溶解态游离氨基酸 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生-高效液相色谱-荧光检测器(OPA—HPLC-FLD)联用技术分离测定了海水中的14种主要溶解游离氨基酸(DFAA),通过邻苯二甲醛—3-巯基丙酸(OPA—3-MPA)柱前衍生后,在XDB-C18柱上分离。不同氨基酸测定的精密度(RSD)为1.62%~3.80%,检测限为11.4~69.7 ng.L-1,海水加标回收率在92%~110%之间。利用该方法测得青岛近海表层海水中氨基酸浓度为0.015~0.284μmolL-1。 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(2)
为研究马粪海胆(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)神经节苷脂的结构。首先,用Sevennerholm法分配提取其生殖腺,经正相硅胶柱、DEAE-Sephadex A25离子交换柱纯化后,得到2种神经节苷脂组分,分别为HPG-A和HPG-B。其次,进行酸解,获得唾液酸、中性单糖、脂肪酸和长链碱。然后,采用甲基化处理,经气相色谱-质谱联用法测定基本组成结构,经湿法消化和离子色谱法测定硫酸根含量。实验表明:HPG-A的唾液酸组成为N-羟乙酰神经氨酸(Neu5Gc)和少量N-乙酰神经氨酸(Neu5Ac),而HPG-B为8位硫酸化的N-羟乙酰神经氨酸(Neu5Gc8S),且均以2-6键与葡萄糖相连;HPG-A和HPG-B神经酰胺(Cer)的主链长链碱(LCB)组成类似,主要为d16∶0和d18∶0;脂肪酸(FA)组成均以C22∶1和C22∶1h为主。鉴定出HPG-A为单唾液酸己糖神经节苷脂Neu5Gc2-6Glc1-1Cer和Neu5Ac2-6Glc1-1Cer的混合物,HPG-B为硫酸酯化单唾液酸己糖神经节苷脂Neu5Gc8S2-6Glc1-1Cer。本文为研究马粪海胆单唾液酸神经节苷脂的构效关系提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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为了研究中国沿海海藻中的活性化学成分, 利用正相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20 柱色谱、反相HPLC 及重结晶等手段, 从采自青岛的褐藻叉开网翼藻(Dictyopteris divaricata Okam.)中首次分离得到了6 个单萜类化合物, 经红外波谱(IR), 质谱(MS)及核磁共振波谱(1H NMR、13C NMR)等现代波谱技术鉴定为loliolide (1), isololiolide (2), 3β-hydroxy-5α,6α-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one (3), dehydrovomifoliol(4), (3R)-4-[(2R,4S)-2-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexylidene]-3-buten-2-oneiol (5), (3R)-4-[(2R,4S)-4-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexylidene]-3-buten-2-one (6)。并通过MTT 法对所得化合物进行细胞毒活性筛选, 通过比色法进行乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性筛选。 相似文献
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以 3种不同来源的鲑鱼基因组 DNA为模板 ,采用 PCR方法获得完整的 s CT基因。与Genbank中 Pink Salmon(Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)的降钙素基因序列进行比较 ,结果显示 :实验组的 Pink Salmon(O.gorbuscha)降钙素基因有 2个碱基差异 (第 39位 C→ A;第 5 1位 T→ C) ,氨基酸没有变化 ;Chum Salmon(O.keta)有 1个碱基的差异 (第 86位 G→ A) ,且引起 1个氨基酸的变化(第 2 9位 S→ N) ;而中国黑龙江产的鲑鱼 (Oncorhynchus sp.)降钙素基因序列与 Genbank中 PinkSalmon(O.gorbuscha)的降钙素序列完全相同 ,没有碱基差别。 相似文献
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瘤背石磺表皮生长因子基因的克隆、结构及进化分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
首次在瘤背石磺(Onchidium struma)中克隆得到一种新的表皮生长因子(EGF)的cDNA序列全长。EGF基因cDNA的全长为1158bp,命名为Os-egf1,其中开放阅读框长度为846 bp,编码一条包含281个氨基酸残基的多肽链。根据氨基酸序列比对和结构域分析结果发现其含有2个保守的EGF结构域和1个EGF-like结构域,每个结构域中均包含至少6个半胱氨酸残基,且形成CX7 CX4-5 CX10-13CXCX8 C结构,其结构域由C1~C3、C2~C4和C5~C6之间形成的3个二硫键维持,符合表皮生长因子家族及其相关蛋白的特征结构域,但其余氨基酸序列与现有相关基因差异较大,推测可能是一种新的EGF-like基因。利用MEGA6.0软件构建Os-egf1与EGF家族相关蛋白的系统进化树,表明EGF家族蛋白具有一定的物种特异性。 相似文献
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采用RT-PCR及RACE技术,从拟穴青蟹眼柄组织中克隆了两种Ⅰ型高血糖激素CHH基因(分别命名为C1与C2)cDNA全序列。序列分析结果表明:C1基因全长1859bp,开放阅读框长420bp,编码139个氨基酸,分子量为15.326kDa,等电点为5.540;C2基因全长1739bp,开放阅读框长426bp,编码141个氨基酸,分子量为15.621kDa,等电点为7.618。与其它物种CHH氨基酸序列进行同源性比较分析显示,拟穴青蟹CHH基因与榄绿青蟹CHH基因同源性最高(92%),依次为日本鲟(80%)、三疣梭子蟹(78%)。聚类分析表明,拟穴青蟹CHH氨基酸序列与榄绿青蟹和日本鲟紧密聚为一支。经荧光定量检测,拟穴青蟹CHH基因在眼柄、肝胰腺、心脏、肠中表达量较高,鳃、胃中表达量很少,肌肉中表达极少。盐度骤变试验结果表明:盐度胁迫24h后,C2的表达量是C1的30倍以上;C2基因盐度5时与对照组的表达量差异不显著(P>0.05),盐度15时差异显著(P<0.05),盐度22、25、30时差异极显著(P<0.01);盐度变化越大,C2的表达量越大。上述结果为进一步深入研究CHH基因的功能及调控机理奠定基础。 相似文献
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乐清湾泥蚶肉营养成分的分析及评价 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对乐清湾泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)肉营养成分进行了分析。结果表明,乐清湾泥蚶肉(干基)粗蛋白含量为67．75％;蛋白质氨基酸评价为85．4分,色氨基酸是惟一的限制性氨基酸。在蛋白质氨基酸组成中。以呈鲜味、甘味或与之有关的谷氨酸、冬氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸6种氨基酸含量最高,占氨基酸总量的46．71％;不饱和脂肪酸含量也相当高．尤其是高度不饱和脂肪酸C20：5(EPA)和C22：6(DHA),占脂肪酸总含量的31．62％;此外还含有多种人体必需的维生素、无机盐、微量元素等多种成分。 相似文献
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柱前衍生-RP-HPLC方法测定水产品中生物胺 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立同时测定水产品中多种生物胺的丹磺酰氯柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱方法。用5%TCA提取样品中生物胺,正己烷脱脂,正丁醇/氯仿(1/1,v/v)萃取,以1,7二胺庚烷为内标,丹磺酰氯为衍生剂衍生后,采用CAPCELL PAK C18MG(4.6 mm I.D.×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇/水为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,流速1.5 mL/min。荧光检测器的激发波长(Ex)350 nm,发射波长(Em)520 nm。结果显示:色胺、苯乙胺、腐胺、尸胺、组胺、酪胺、精胺和亚精胺等8种生物胺在30 min内完全分离。在给定的浓度范围内,待测生物胺峰面积与内标峰面积之比同其相应浓度呈良好的线性相关(r>0.99)。仪器重复性良好(RSD<1.34%),方法重复性也在可接收范围内(RSD<10%)。除色胺(57.7%)外,其它7种生物胺的样品平均回收率均在94.2%~110.3%之间。结果表明生物胺的HPLC检测方法,分离度好,灵敏度高,可快捷、准确地对水产品中生物胺进行定性和定量检测。 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献