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1.
《矿产与地质》2017,(1)
通过野外地质调查和系统的岩石化学、主量元素、微量元素以及稀土元素等研究,探讨了藏南地区三叠系涅如组含放射虫硅质岩的地球化学特征及其沉积环境。研究区的硅质岩呈黑色、灰黑色或灰褐色薄层状或透镜状产出,具有较低的SiO_2含量,对研究区的硅质岩的主量元素运用了Fe-Mn-Al三角成因判别图、Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值、K_2O/Na_2O比值、Si/(Si+Al+Fe)比值、100×(Al_2O_3/SiO_2)-100×(Fe_2O_3/SiO_2)、Al_2O_3/(100-SiO_2)-Fe_2O_3/(100-SiO_2)及Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)-Fe_2O_3/TiO_2图解等,显示硅质岩为具有生物成因的非热水或弱热水的大陆边缘沉积环境;硅质岩的稀土元素ΣREE变化较大,通过对硅质岩的稀土元素北美页岩标准化和球粒陨石标准模式图对比、Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)-LaN/CeN图解及特征指数Ce/Ce*和LaN/CeN分析研究,显示硅质岩为大陆边缘、大陆边缘—深海的过渡环境;对硅质岩的微量元素运用了U/Th及Ni/Co比值,显示了非热水沉积物的环境特征。综合研究分析岩石化学、主量元素、微量元素以及稀土元素等因素及生物特征,可以得出研究区的硅质岩具有生物特征的非热水的大陆边缘沉积环境。 相似文献
2.
首次在班公湖-怒江缝合带西段去申拉组中发现了泥质硅质岩,呈2个层位产出。为探讨泥质硅质岩的沉积环境、成因及与班-怒特提斯洋西段构造演化的关系,进行岩石学和地球化学分析,结果显示,第一层位泥质硅质岩Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、Ce/Ce~?、(La/Ce)_N、V/(Ni+V)、Ce/La、Ce_(anom)、Eu_(anom)平均值分别为0.60、0.80、1.24、0.72、1.84、-0.08、0.01,第二层位泥质硅质岩相应比值平均值分别为0.65、0.83、1.16、0.77、1.97、-0.07、0.02。结合泥质硅质岩的Fe_2O_3/TiO2-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、(La/Ce)N-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、Hf/3-Th-Ta关系图解,表明第一、二层位泥质硅质岩形成于活动大陆边缘,沉积时水-岩界面为水体分层不强烈的厌氧环境。U-Th、Zn-Ni-Co、La-Ce、La/Yb-REE关系图解和稀土元素特征指示了第一、二层位泥质硅质岩为热水成因,热水活动与玄武岩岩浆活动有关,第二层位泥质硅质岩沉积时热水活动更强烈。去申拉组泥质硅质岩的岩石学、地球化学特征表明,狮泉河地区班-怒特提斯洋至少在早白垩世仍具有一定规模的洋盆,其闭合时间应晚于约109Ma,进一步限定了洋盆的闭合时间。 相似文献
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北祁连奥陶系阴沟群硅质岩对该地区的沉积环境和构造背景具有重要的指示意义,目前多认为其形成于大陆边缘环境。北祁连西水地区奥陶系阴沟群中的硅质岩w(SiO_2)值、Si/Al值、Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值、Fe/Ti值、(Fe+Mn)/Ti值、w(∑REE)值等地球化学特征均指示硅质岩为热水沉积成因;Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)值、U/Th值、Ti/V值、(La/Ce)_N值、δCe值指示其形成于大陆边缘环境;w(Al_2O_3)值与w(MgO)值、U/Th值、Al_2O_3/TiO_2值均反映硅质岩在形成过程中受到了陆源碎屑的影响;Al_2O_3、TiO_2、Cr、Rb、Ba、Zr质量分数特征及稀土元素配分模式表明硅质岩的形成与岛弧以及弧后盆地有关。综合分析与奥陶系硅质岩伴生的火山岩岩石组合特征以及区域构造演化背景,认为西水地区奥陶系阴沟群硅质岩应属大陆边缘背景下,其弧后盆地靠近岛弧一侧的产物。这为进一步细化研究北祁连奥陶纪沟-弧-盆体系的空间格局提供了重要的沉积学依据。 相似文献
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武夷山成矿带发育多期海相火山成矿建造,是近些年矿产勘查的重要对象。基于该成矿带龙岩地区晚石炭世经畲组铅锌矿化角砾岩层的宏观地质特征,对其中硅质岩进行了岩相学和岩石地球化学研究,探讨铅锌来源与富集机制等问题。研究发现,硅质岩SiO_2和Al_2O_3呈负相关,Fe_2O_3/FeO大多数1,并具有Eu正异常特征,说明硅质岩为热水沉积成因。硅质岩Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+TFe_2O_3)值为0.73～0.80(平均值为0.77)、Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+TFe_2O_3+MnO)值为0.60～0.65(平均值为0.62),LaN/CeN为0.86～2.49(平均值为1.52),表明硅质岩形成时受到了陆源物质影响。龙岩地区晚石炭世经畲组铅锌矿化角砾岩层是海底热水喷口塌陷作用的产物,对指导该区铅锌矿找矿工作具有重要意义。 相似文献
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银额盆地及邻区二叠系硅质岩岩石学、地球化学特征及沉积环境 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对研究区二叠系硅质岩岩石学特征、主量及稀土元素地球化学研究,探讨硅质岩的地球化学特征及其沉积环境。结果表明,杭乌拉下二叠统埋汗哈达组硅质岩Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值介于0.68~0.78之间,平均值为0.73,δCe值为0.89~0.94,平均值为0.90,二断井中二叠统菊石滩组Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值介于0.50~0.67之间,平均值为0.60,δCe值介于0.85~0.90之间,平均值为0.88,在Al-Fe-Mn三角图上,样品点落入生物成因硅质岩区,指示研究区硅质岩为海水生物沉积成因。杭乌拉下二叠统埋汗哈达组硅质岩Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)值为0.78~0.86,平均值为0.83,Mn O/Ti O2值为0.04~0.40,平均值为0.16,(La/Ce)N值为1.02~1.15,平均值为1.10,Ceanom值为-0.041~-0.001,平均值为-0.029,二断井中二叠统菊石滩组硅质岩Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)值为0.82~0.91,平均值为0.87,Mn O/Ti O2值为0.05~0.47,平均值为0.24,(La/Ce)N值为1.00~1.12,平均值为1.06,Ceanom值为-0.058~-0.033,平均值为-0.045。这些地球化学指标指示了研究区硅质岩沉积于大陆边缘缺氧的水体环境中。 相似文献
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折腰山矿区含铁硅质岩赋存于含矿岩系与上部岩系间的沉积间断界面。含铁硅质岩矿物主要由细晶石英和赤铁矿组成,二者含量占90%以上,含少量的绢云母、钠长石、绿泥石等。该含铁硅质岩具有低的TiO2、A12O3和高的成矿元素(Fe、Cu、Pb、Zn)含量特征。Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值具有热水沉积岩特征。在Fe-Mn-Al三角图解、Fe-Mn-(Cu+Co+Ni)×10三角图解和Zr-Cr图解中,该区含铁硅质岩均落在热水沉积岩区域中,含铁硅质岩的稀土元素总量很低,其北美页岩标准化配分模式为右倾曲线,具有弱的负Eu异常或正Eu异常和负Ce异常。部分样品MnO/TiO2值偏小,U/Th值偏大,Al2O3含量较高,出现负Eu异常,表明该矿区含铁硅质岩也有正常沉积硅质岩成分的加入。结合含铁硅质岩的地质产状、含矿岩系(石英角斑质凝灰岩)和含矿石英的稀土元素特征,认为含铁硅质岩的物源主要为石英角斑质凝灰岩,属于与火山作用有关的非生物成因类型,是该铜多金属矿田重要的找矿标志。 相似文献
7.
《矿产与地质》2018,(5)
通过岩石学及元素地球化学分析方法进行沉积环境恢复。研究表明:广西钦州石夹剖面晚泥盆世～早石炭世硅质岩主要组成矿物为隐晶-微晶质石英颗粒与球状、纤维状玉髓,可见大量放射虫化石,表明硅质岩在强烈的生物作用下形成;SiO_2、Al_2O_3和TiO_2平均含量较高,Fe_2O_3平均含量较低,表明硅质岩含有高的陆源泥质沉积物;Si/(Si+Al+Fe)为0.83～0.97,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)为0.33～0.82,平均为0.65,Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)为0.39～0.87,平均为0.71,表明硅质岩主要为碎屑生物成因。通过主量元素成分投影图解,表明硅质岩沉积环境主要为大陆边缘;多数样品的U/Th比值均小于1,平均为0.84,总体表现出非热水沉积硅质岩的地球化学特征,处于大陆岛弧与大陆边缘过渡区,但在D-C地质界线处遭受过海底热液活动的影响,并经历了先强后弱的变化过程。界线处的灰黑色页岩,是Hangenberg事件及其D-C生物灭绝事件在深水相的石夹水库剖面上的具体表现,推测残留海槽拉张导致的海底火山热液活动是事件发生的影响因素之一。 相似文献
8.
安徽铜陵矿集区硅质岩成因及意义 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
铜陵地区二叠系栖霞组到大隆组(P_1q—P_2d)各层位中硅质岩分布广泛。通过野外地质填图过程中的详细观察和硅质岩常量元素、稀土元素和微量元素的分析,结果表明,这些硅质岩是热水活动间歇式、多次活动的结果。硅质岩构成铜陵地区二叠系主要的矿(源)层或矿胚层(Protore)之一。硅质岩具有低 Fe_2O_3/FeO、SiO_2/Al_2O_3、SiO_2/(K_2O+Na_2O)、SiO_2/MgO、MnO_2/TiO_2 值;低 Co高 Ni,Co/Ni<1,U/Th>1;低 ∑REE,负 Ce异常,重稀土相对富集等热水沉积物的特征,为热水沉积的结果。氧同位素估算的热水古温度为49～249℃(高温部分有后期岩浆的叠加扰动)。硅质岩是铜陵地区二叠系层控矿床的重要找矿标志,对于隐伏矿床的寻找和矿产预测具有重要意义。 相似文献
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东秦岭二郎坪群热水沉积硅质岩的地球化学特征 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
东秦岭二郎坪群中广泛发育一套与铜铅锌成矿作用关系密切的硅质岩。区内硅质岩总体属于低硅质硅质岩,SiO2与Al2O3呈负相关,Fe2O3/FeO比值一般小于1,与热水沉积硅质岩的特征一致;南阳盆地以西的硅质岩MnO/TiO2比值小于0.5、Al/(Al Fe)比值接近北太平洋比值,而盆地以东的硅质岩MnO/TiO2比值大于0.5、Al/(Al Fe)比值与日本中部大陆边缘的三叠纪层纹状硅质岩比值类似;硅质岩稀土元素总量较低,重稀土元素有富集的趋势,Ce亏损较明显,Eu显示正异常,表明本区硅质岩主要是热水沉积作用的产物;硅质岩的V、Ni、Cu等微量元素含量具有洋中脊(或远洋盆地)和大陆边缘硅质岩的双重特征。 相似文献
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在信江盆地中存在数层和石炭纪海相火山岩及其海底块状硫化物矿层相伴生,与石炭纪地层整合产出的层状硅质岩。由对硅质岩常量元素、微量元素、稀土元素、硅和氧同位素等地球化学特征研究表明,本区硅质岩具有一定的热水沉积硅质岩地球化学特征。在Al-Fe-Mn和Fe-Mn-(Ni+Co+Cu)三角图上,本区硅质岩属热水沉积硅质岩。由硅质岩MnO/TiO2比值、δCe值和δ30Si值分析表明,信江盆地石炭纪硅质岩的沉积环境主要为浅海。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
18.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
19.
The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
20.
Michel Westphal Mikhail L. Bazhenov Jean Paul Lauer Diamar M. Pechersky Jean-Claude Sibuet 《Tectonophysics》1986,123(1-4)
We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies. 相似文献