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1.
层间氧化带中稀土元素的赋存特征初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
砂岩型铀矿床中有关稀土元素的研究较少，在国内仅有对物源的示踪和其配分形式特征的研究。本文通过对吐哈盆地稀土元素在层间氧化带各地球化学作用带中赋存特征的研究，探讨了稀土元素在层间氧化作用中可能有的迁移特点，并对稀土元素的总量、轻重稀土元素的比值和δEu和δCe值等进行了对比研究，探讨了以上参数变化与层间氧化带分带的关系，以及对铀矿化的指示意义。 相似文献
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研究了伊犁盆地扎基斯坦砂岩型铀矿床中的分散元素(Re、Se)超常富集现象,探讨了分散元素在层间氧化带独立成矿的可能性。表生环境下分散元素活化迁移、吸附或还原沉淀的地球化学条件,以及分散元素在砂岩铀矿床中超常富集的独立性研究表明,(1)干旱、半干旱等表生条件下,分散元素可以被含氧地表水从蚀源区岩石中汲取、活化并迁移;(2)层间氧化带之氧化-还原过渡带可以形成导致溶解于水的分散元素被吸附固定或还原沉淀所需的地球化学障条件;(3)砂岩铀矿床中的分散元素超常或异常富集具有相对独立性。指出在具备矿源条件下,分散元素(Re、Se、Ga、Ge等)在层间氧化带砂岩中超常富集并独立成矿是可能的。建议加强表生环境下分散元素的基础成矿理论系统研究。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地店头地区铀矿化的形成和分布与古层间氧化带关系密切。文章通过宏观-微观岩石矿物学和地球化学对店头地区古层间氧化带进行了识别和划分,总结了古层间氧化带的空间展布特征,分析了古层间氧化带的形成过程及不同成矿阶段铀的迁移、富集沉淀规律,进而探讨了铀成矿模式及找矿方向。研究表明,研究区古层间氧化带自南东向北西发育,依次可划分为氧化带、氧化还原过渡带、还原带;平面上,铀矿化主要位于氧化还原过渡带内;垂向上,铀矿化产于灰绿色与灰色砂岩过渡界面。结合含矿层构造-埋藏演化,建立了研究区砂岩型铀矿多阶段成矿模式,认为后续铀矿勘查应重点聚焦主河道与氧化还原过渡带,尤其是两者的叠合部位更有利于厚大矿体的产出。 相似文献
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新疆伊犁盆地511砂岩型铀矿床成矿作用机理研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
为探讨511铀矿床的形成机理,通过野外岩心观察和系统样品采集,结合室内化学分析、扫描电镜、电子探针等方法,详细研究了赋存于Ⅴ旋回砂体的铀矿地质特征,对砂岩铀的成矿作用展开了初步讨论。认为Ⅴ旋回层间氧化带可划分为氧化带、氧化_还原过渡带(包括褪色亚带和铀矿石亚带)和还原带;铀矿赋存在过渡带砂岩中,空间展布严格受层间氧化带控制;铀主要以显微浸染状铀矿物(沥青铀矿 铀石)形式散布于炭屑木质细胞腔内壁和砂岩碎屑颗粒的填隙物中,部分以吸附形式赋存于粘土矿物和炭屑;层间氧化带发育是含氧层间承压水与砂岩之间水岩作用的结果。伴随砂岩中有机质、S2-和Fe2 被氧化,形成的有机酸类、SO2-4和Fe3 等组分部分迁移至过渡带沉淀,也是砂岩中铀元素活化迁移、沉淀富集,再活化、再富集的循环过程;层间氧化带及其砂岩铀成矿作用发生于表生环境,始于喜马拉雅早期(66Ma),具有长期性和滚动式向前发展的特点;铀成矿可能与微生物细菌活动及其还原作用密切相关。 相似文献
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通过大量钻孔岩心的观察及样品数据统计分析,发现日达里克地区库车组下段砂岩成份成熟度及结构成熟度方面均较低,具近物源快速沉积特征。岩石为泥质胶结,固结疏松,属良好的铀储层。通过对砂岩地球化学特征的分析,部分元素含量变化与层间氧化分带关系明显,呈SiO2、Al2O3含量以氧化带为最高,过渡带次之,还原带最低的特点;CaO、MgO含量还原带明显高于氧化带和过渡带,这些规律能有效判别地球化学环境。原生带中C有,S全含量较伊犁盆地富铀砂体明显偏少,且过渡带中有机质的富集也不明显,对铀的富集不利。研究区铀富集的关键因素为层间氧化作用,有效判断地球化学分带是该区找矿的关键,结合研究区“反转式”层间氧化带找矿规律,将对找矿提供指示作用。 相似文献
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《古地理学报》2020,(2)
钱家店砂岩型铀矿床是松辽盆地发现的特大型铀矿床,目前已发现的铀矿主要赋存在上白垩统姚家组下段,矿体呈板状、透镜状,主要受层间氧化带控制。通过对钱家店砂岩型铀矿层间氧化带各带(氧化带、过渡带及还原带)的主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素进行测试分析,结果表明各带地球化学特征存在较大的差异,其中依据Fe_2O_3、FeO、Al_2O_3、SiO_2、Na_2O及K_2O可对层间氧化带进行较准确的分带,MgO、CaO具有一定的分带指示意义。从氧化带到过渡带,趋于富集的微量元素主要为放射性元素(U)、大离子亲石元素(Li、Ba)、亲硫元素(Ni)、高场强元素(Nb、Ta)和性质活跃的变价元素(Mo)等,且LREE、MREE和HREE均有不同程度富集,反映了水—岩作用时间较长、强度较大。有机碳、S_全、ωFe~(3+)/ωFe~(2+)还原性指标在不同分带的显著差异表明,随着含氧含铀水在姚家组地层中迁移,还原性组分变化强烈,具有明显的分带指示意义。 相似文献
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钱家店砂岩型铀矿床是松辽盆地发现的特大型铀矿床,目前已发现的铀矿主要赋存在上白垩统姚家组下段,矿体呈板状、透镜状,主要受层间氧化带控制。通过对钱家店砂岩型铀矿层间氧化带各带(氧化带、过渡带及还原带)的主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素进行测试分析,结果表明各带地球化学特征存在较大的差异,其中依据Fe2O3、FeO、Al2O3、SiO2、Na2O及K2O可对层间氧化带进行较准确的分带,MgO、CaO具有一定的分带指示意义。从氧化带到过渡带,趋于富集的微量元素主要为放射性元素(U)、大离子亲石元素(Li、Ba)、亲硫元素(Ni)、高场强元素(Nb、Ta)和性质活跃的变价元素(Mo)等,且 LREE、MREE和HREE均有不同程度富集,反映了水—岩作用时间较长、强度较大。有机碳、S全、ωFe3+/ωFe2+还原性指标在不同分带的显著差异表明,随着含氧含铀水在姚家组地层中迁移,还原性组分变化强烈,具有明显的分带指示意义。 相似文献
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砂岩型铀矿床的产出常与层间氧化带密切相关。利用物探方法研究氧化带、氧化还原过渡带及还原带的特征，可为铀矿勘查提供重要依据。本文根据层间氧化带的形成特征，探讨了产生自然电场的基本原理，通过在已知和未知铀矿化地段的工作，总结了层间氧化带在地表的自然电场分布特征，利用自然电场剖面测量曲线的梯度变化拐点确定氧化带前锋线──氧化还原过渡带，取得了比较理想的效果。 相似文献
10.
可地浸层间氧化带型砂岩铀矿床的成因是基于水成铀矿成矿理论 ,其形成与层间氧化带的发育有关。铀的活化、迁移、沉淀富集是在层间氧化带中进行 ,其形成中伴随着一系列物理化学过程。理论和实践研究都表明 ,层间氧化带型砂岩型矿床上可观察到明显的自然电位异常 ,其起因不同于电子导电体形成的氧化还原电场 ,而是在于发生在层间氧化带中一些非平衡现象之间的相互影响产生的混合电位。层间氧化作用具有明显的分带性。按岩石的颜色、矿物成分、化学成分、物理化学条件等的不同 ,顺着水流方向 ,一般可将层间氧化成矿带分为 3个亚带 :氧化带、氧… 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
17.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献