共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 484 毫秒
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聚矿构造系统是控制成矿物质迁移富集成矿的复合构造系统.按其规模从大到小可划分为7个层次,按照成因类型不同,分为岩浆矿床、岩浆期后热液矿床、沉积-热水沉积矿床和变质矿床聚矿构造系统4大类.重点阐述了矽卡岩型铁铜等矿床、斑岩型与斑岩-矽卡岩型铜钼矿床、岩浆期后高温热液钨锡矿床、岩浆期后中低温热液金多金属矿床和热水沉积-改造型铅锌矿床聚矿构造系统的特征及其控矿规律.总结了聚矿构造系统发育的有利部位及标志,阐述了通过聚矿构造研究,综合运用地质、地球物理与地球化学相结合的方法和类比求异的分析思路,进行隐伏矿床(体)定位预测和寻求找矿突破的有效途径,并提供了可借鉴的实例. 相似文献
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江西冷水坑火山-侵入杂岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
江西冷水坑矿田是武夷山地区重要的银铅锌矿集中区之一,以斑岩型矿床和火山沉积-热液改造型矿床为特色,前人对冷水坑矿床的成岩成矿作用、控矿构造、成矿模式等开展了大量的研究,但对不同地质体与成矿的先后关系、岩浆活动期次与成矿作用的关系研究相对薄弱。本文对打鼓顶组火山岩和含矿花岗斑岩进行了激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)锆石U-Pb年代学研究,结果表明打鼓顶组底板、顶板晶屑凝灰岩形成时代分别为161.3±1.3 Ma、160.75±0.96 Ma,含矿花岗斑岩形成时代为168.09±0.80 Ma,结合以往研究资料,将冷水坑矿田火山-侵入岩岩浆活动划分为3个期次:第Ⅰ期火山-侵入岩浆活动形成于164~170 Ma;第Ⅱ期火山-侵入岩浆活动发生于157~161 Ma,为火山沉积-热液改造型矿床和斑岩型矿体的主要成矿时代,岩浆活动和成矿时代基本一致;第Ⅲ期火山-侵入岩浆活动时限为140~146 Ma。也暗示华南冷水坑等地晚侏罗世火山岩形成于华南中生代构造体制转换的关键时期,为华南晚中生代构造背景的研究提供了重要地质依据。 相似文献
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广西贵港-平南地区铅锌铜矿床地质特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
广西贵港-平南地区是热水沉积改造型层控铅锌铜矿床集中区.该区铅锌铜矿主要控矿层位为中泥盆统四排组-应堂组及东岗岭组中段,以深灰-灰黑色含炭质白云岩夹薄层状炭质泥岩控矿为特征;控矿构造主要为复式背、向斜的翼部单斜构造,燕山晚期再次成矿时,与含矿层叠加的断裂和岩浆侵入构造则是热水沉积改造型矿床的主要控矿构造.矿床形成是经深循环作用使含矿热卤水进入沉积盆地局部沉积而成,成矿作用主要发生在同生-成岩晚期,燕山期构造热液和岩浆热液改造带形成叠加改造型矿床. 相似文献
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老挝琅勃拉邦—泰国黎府成矿带位于印支板块西北缘,是中南半岛重要的金铜成矿带之一。该带经历了晚古生代—中生代古特提斯构造-岩浆演化作用,成矿活动复杂,形成了斑岩-矽卡岩型金铜矿床、浅成低温热液型金银矿床以及热液脉型金矿床。然而,热液脉型金矿的成因类型仍存在争议,3类金铜矿床与区域构造演化的关系仍缺乏总结。本文通过对前人典型矿床研究资料的整理,并结合成矿流体来源、演化新证据,将带内热液脉型金矿床的成因类型归为造山型金矿。综合区域构造-岩浆-成矿作用研究资料,总结了成矿带内3类金铜矿床的时空分布规律和成矿特征,建立了与古特提斯洋俯冲-闭合及陆陆碰撞过程相关的区域金铜成矿模式,提出了晚二叠世—早三叠世俯冲期浅成低温热液型金银矿床、早中三叠世闭合期斑岩-矽卡岩型铜金矿床、晚三叠世陆陆碰撞期造山型金矿床的成矿规律。 相似文献
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安徽铜陵冬瓜山铜(金)矿床成矿模式 总被引：22，自引：11，他引：11
长江中、下游断裂坳陷带是我国重要的铜、金、铁、硫成矿带,存在一系列块状硫化物矿床及与其伴生的矽卡岩型和斑岩型矿床.本文以铜陵矿集区冬瓜山铜、金矿床为例,探讨了这类矿床的成矿模式.冬瓜山矿床主要由层状硫化物矿体组成,伴有矽卡岩型和斑岩型矿体.层状硫化物矿体产于晚泥盆世砂岩和晚石炭世碳酸盐岩之间,具明显的层控特征,矿体下盘发育细脉-网脉状硫化物矿化以及硅化和绢云母化,矿体中伴有热水沉积岩,矿石具典型的沉积构造.燕山期岩浆热液对层状矿体进行了叠加和改造,改变了矿石的结构构造和矿石成分.黄铜矿交代黄铁矿变斑晶呈环斑结构或脉状交代结构,交代磁黄铁矿呈交代假象结构或交代残留结构.矽卡岩型矿体中黄铜矿的δ65Cu值为0.09‰～0.83‰,集中在0.23‰～0.83‰.层状矿体中黄铜矿的δ65Cu值为0.45‰～0.78‰,与矽卡岩矿体中黄铜矿的65Cu值大致相当,这说明两类矿体中的铜具有相同的来源.铜、氢和氧同位素研究表明,冬瓜山矿床铜来自岩浆岩,叠加的成矿流体主要为岩浆流体.提出了冬瓜山矿床属喷流沉积-岩浆热液叠生成因的成矿模式:在晚石炭世,海底喷流成矿作用形成了块状硫化物矿床,矿石成分以硫、铁为主;燕山期岩浆热液一方面对块状硫化物矿床进行改造,致使其富集铜等成矿物质,另一方面与围岩相互作用形成矽卡岩型和斑岩型矿体. 相似文献
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三江特提斯叠加成矿作用样式及过程 总被引：78，自引：64，他引：14
三江地区经历了特提斯洋的多期洋-陆俯冲和新生代以来的陆-陆碰撞;成矿主要集中在大洋生长与俯冲造山阶段以及碰撞造山主碰撞向晚碰撞的转换阶段,控制了区域喜马拉雅期斑岩型铜金矿带、沉积岩容矿型铅锌多金属矿带与造山型金矿带等。在不同时期构造环境作用下,在矿田与矿床范围内形成了复杂多样的叠加成矿作用。叠加成矿作用可划分为3种类型及9种方式:(1)VMS-岩浆热液叠加型。包括喜马拉雅期岩浆热液型矿体叠加海西期-燕山期"VMS型"矿体(老厂式Pb-Zn-Mo矿床和鲁春式Cu-Pb-Zn矿床),印支/燕山期岩浆热液型矿体叠加海西期VMS型矿体的羊拉式Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn矿床;(2)沉积-热液叠加型。包括喜马拉雅期岩浆热液型矿体叠加燕山期沉积矿源层的白秧坪式Cu-Pb-Zn矿床,喜马拉雅期建造热液型Ge矿体叠加沉积煤层的大寨/中寨式Ge矿床,燕山期岩浆热液叠加加里东期分水岭式Fe-Cu矿床;(3)多期热液叠加型。主要为喜马拉雅期与印支期两期叠加成矿作用的老王寨床式Au矿床,燕山期叠加印支期普朗-红山式Cu矿床,喜马拉雅期多期次叠加的金满Cu矿床。叠加成矿作用增加矿床的资源储量,丰富了矿种类型;但是现在仅有部分年代学与矿田-矿床尺度地质现象的某些证据,叠加矿床的矿体-矿石结构特征、形成条件与地球化学及矿物学约束仍有待于进一步研究。 相似文献
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冀北北岔沟门铅锌多金属矿床地质特征及成因 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
北岔沟门铅锌多金属矿床是近年来发现的一个具有大型超大型远景的矿床,其成矿系统在纵向和横向上具有明显的分带性：以斑岩型Mo矿体为中心,向外或向上依次为细脉浸染型Cu-Pb-Zn矿体、爆破角砾岩型Pb-Zn矿体、浅成低温热液型（高硫型或低硫型）Cu-Ag-Pb-Zn或Ag-Mn-Pb-Zn矿体。成矿年代学研究表明,不同类型矿体是在不同阶段形成的,与不同类型岩浆作用有关。其中,钼成矿作用发生最早,与石英二长岩岩浆作用有关,成矿物质来源于下地壳,其成矿流体的稳定同位素特征接近于典型的岩浆流体,成矿流体含盐度高,成矿温度为中高温;铅锌铜多金属成矿作用晚于钼成矿作用,与二长花岗质岩浆活动有关,成矿物质来源于被深熔和流体渗滤的古元古代岩石,成矿流体具有演化天水或岩浆水与天水混合的特点,成矿温度为中低温;浅成低温热液银多金属成矿作用形成最晚,与早白垩世粗面质浅成岩浆活动（正长斑岩或石英正长斑岩）有关,成矿物质和成矿流体具有多元混合的特点。 相似文献
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本文从地质、地球化学以及矿化蚀变特征等方面对凤凰山矿田内两类不同成矿岩体的特征进行了对比,指出凤凰山复式岩体由早期的花岗闪长岩和晚期的石英二长闪长斑岩所组成,与花岗闪长岩有关的成矿作用主要为矽卡岩型成矿作用,与石英二长闪长斑岩有关的成矿作用主要为斑岩型成矿作用.并对新发现的斑岩型矿化的大地构造背景、围岩、蚀变特征、控矿构造以及矿石类型进行了阐述.最后,在综合分析成矿物质来源、物理化学条件、成矿流体和成矿作用的基础上,对凤凰山铜矿床的成因进行了探讨,认为矿床的形成主要与中酸性岩浆活动有关,经历了多种成矿作用,形成了多种矿化型式,矿床成因属以岩浆热液为主的复合型热液矿床. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献