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日本真海带对硒的积累和生物转化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在海水中添加亚硒酸盐(Na2SeO3)及不同浓度的氮磷营养盐(NaNO3+NaHO2PO4),研究海带对硒的积累,通过分离测定海带富硒前后各生化组分的含硒量来探讨硒的生物转化问题.结果表明天然海带含硒量(鲜重)为0.451~0.596μg/g,海带富硒最佳的Na2SeO3浓度为200mg/dm3,培养56h后的富硒倍率约为50.在天然海带中,硒主要以有机态存在,有机硒占总硒含量的86.22%;在含有200mg/dm3NaO2SeO3的海水中培养56h后测得海带的总硒为24.481μg/g,其中有机硒含量为16.703μg/g,无机硒为4.714μg/g;在添加氮磷营养盐的含硒海水中,海带的富硒能力得到进一步的提高,在适宜的氮磷条件下(150mg/dm3NaNO3和25mg/dm3NaHO2PO4)总硒含量达到33.649μg/g,而无机硒含量基本不变,为4.497μg/g,因此提高部分转化为有机硒,有机硒含量达到24.678μg/g.这说明海带具有通过自身代谢将无机硒转化为有机硒的较强的能力. 相似文献
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硒硫比值对钝顶螺旋藻有机化硒的影响及藻体中硒的形态、价格构成 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在培养基中添加亚硒酸钠、硫酸钾培养钝顶螺旋藻，研究硒、硫不同克分子比（Se:S)对钝顶螺旋藻有机化硒的影响，用2，3-二氨基萘荧光分光光度法测定藻体中总硒、有机硒、4价硒及6价硒含量，分析藻体中硒的形态，价态构成。结果显示，一定范围内Se:S对钝顶螺旋藻产率影响不大，但硒浓度为3.80mmol/L、Se:S=0.812时螺旋藻产量、总硒及有机硒含量均最高，富硒钝顶螺旋藻中以有机硒为主，无机硒以4价硒为主。 相似文献
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一、前言 海水中的硒主要以可溶性无机硒和有机硒形式存在。无机硒有Se~(2-)、SeO_3~(2-)和SeO_~(2-)三种形态,其中以SeO_3~(2-)和SeO_4~(2-)为主。有机硒主要以二甲基硒化物和二甲基脱硒化物(dimethyl deselenide)的形式存在。一般总硒含量在0.03μg/l—6μg/l范围内,大部分在0.05μg/l—1.00μg/l之间,硒(Ⅳ)与硒(Ⅵ)的含量大致相同。但不同海域海水的硒 相似文献
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代表旱雨季的４航次九龙江口硒的调研中，发现总溶解无机硒和Ｓｅ（Ⅳ）皆呈保守行为；溶解有机硒和颗粒氧化物硒则无甚规律可循。沉积物中机硒与有机磷含量良好正相关关系。由沉积相向上覆水体提供的溶解无硒和有机硒的通量，分别为１７０和２００ｎｍｏｌ／（ｍ＾２．月）。 相似文献
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研究两种硒化物在文蛤富集、排出镉过程中的作用,对文蛤进行转录组测序,并进行生物信息学分析,以探讨硒化物对Cd2+代谢相关机制。硒化卡拉胶组和亚硒酸钠组共产出587 855条高质量reads。基因本体分析功能注释到15 380条unigenes, KEGG通路注释到18 866条unigenes。差异基因主要富集到肌球蛋白复合物(myosin complex)、离子通道抑制(ion channel suppression)等基因本体分析功能中。差异基因KEGG通路富集显示,在嘌呤代谢(purinemetabolism)、ECM受体相互作用(extracellularmatrix receptor interaction)、硒化合物代谢(metabolism of selenium compounds)等通路显著富集。从结果分析Cd2+可以使文蛤体内蛋白转录修饰出现异常;有机硒可以通过调控金属离子通道活性来排出细胞内的Cd2+;无机硒主要作用于文蛤细胞表面,增强其表面活性抵御Cd2+进入细胞;差异基因KEGG注释结果表明有机硒与无机硒在文蛤重金属代谢中作用机制以及途径不相同。 相似文献
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海洋浮游植物对硒的摄取和转化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究海洋浮游植物考长过程对硒的摄取和转化。结果表明，在藻类生长初期，快速选择摄取，并积累于藻相。在指数生长期，以溶解有机物形式排出体内多余硒。在稳定生长期各形态基本趋于稳定。藻类混种培养能提高对Ｓｅ的摄取程度及溶解有机硒代谢速度。 相似文献
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含硒紫球藻胞外多糖的制备及对体内外肿瘤细胞生长的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用在培养液中添加亚硒酸来实现藻对无机硒的富集和转化,制备一种含硒的紫球藻(Porphyridiumsp.)胞外多糖(Se-PSP);通过DAN荧光法测硒含量及红外光谱,对硒是否结合在多糖上进行了初步探讨;用四唑盐比色法(MTT)研究了不同浓度含硒的紫球藻胞外多糖对3种体外肿瘤细胞生长的影响。通过建立荷瘤小鼠模型,研究了含硒多糖对腹水瘤S180的作用。结果表明含硒的胞外多糖含硒量约为0.015mg/g,40,80mg/LSe-PSP对3种肿瘤细胞SMMC7721、A549、A357均有一定程度的抑制作用,尤其是对SMMC7721抑制程度最为明显。荷瘤小鼠模型实验结果表明100mg/(kg.·d)Se-PSP可以延长荷瘤小鼠的生存时间,Se-PSP有可能成为一种抗肿瘤药物。 相似文献
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在不同浓度亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO3)条件下培养海洋球石藻,分析其生长和富集硒情况,并采用(NH4)2SO4分级盐析、DEAE-Sepharose离子交换柱层析和SephacrylS-200凝胶过滤层析方法,对球石藻硒蛋白进行了初步分离纯化。结果表明,在本实验条件下,不添加外源硒的f/2培养基本底硒浓度(约3.2nmol/L)为海洋球石藻最佳生长和富硒的硒浓度,其细胞内硒含量可达到6475?g/g干重。离子交换和凝胶层析分离的含硒蛋白结合的最高硒含量分别达到392.3ng/mg和663.5ng/mg蛋白。SDS-PAGE纯度鉴定显示,在分子量分别约为41.3kDa和30.1kDa处各有单一电泳条带。结果提示,海洋球石藻能在环境硒浓度极低的条件下大量吸收硒并将大部分无机硒转化为硒蛋白。富硒能力较强的海洋球石藻有望作为一种新的有机硒资源,对开发含硒安全性食品具有很大的应用潜力。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献