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1.
哈尔郭勒玄武岩位于东昆仑南缘布青山地区。详细的地球化学研究表明哈尔郭勒玄武岩可以分为碱性玄武岩和亚碱性玄武岩,其中碱性玄武岩的∑LREE=63.8×10-6~175.36×10-6,∑HREE=14.46×10-6~28.56×10-6,∑LREE/∑HREE=4.41~6.14,(La/Yb)N=4.14~6.71,(Ce/Yb)N=3.31~5.12,δEu=1.03~1.17,具有与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)相似的稀土配分模式;亚碱性玄武岩的∑LREE=11.07×10-6~29.95×10-6,∑HREE=12.56×10-6~25.41×10-6,∑LREE/∑HREE=0.88~1.54,(La/Yb)N=0.29~0.74,(Ce/Yb)N=0.37~0.77,δEu=1.02~1.22,具有正常洋中脊玄武岩(N-MORB)的稀土元素地球化学特征。这表明哈尔郭勒玄武岩是OIB与N-MORB的共生组合。布青山地区哈尔郭勒玄武岩中的OIB形成于洋脊附近的海山或洋岛环境,岩浆源区可能为EMⅡ型富集地幔;N-MORB形成于洋脊环境,起源于亏损地幔。哈尔郭勒玄武岩为布青山地区晚古生代存在洋盆提供了更充分的证据。 相似文献
2.
东昆仑南缘布青山地区哥日卓托一带出露一套洋岛玄武岩,主要由枕状玄武岩与杏仁状玄武岩组成,空间上与厚层-块状碳酸盐岩及薄层状硅泥岩相伴产出。详细的地质、地球化学特征研究表明,哥日卓托玄武岩SiO2质量分数为44.51%~48.43%,MgO为4.67%~6.99%,Na2O为1.74%~3.72%,TiO2为1.29%~1.85%,与拉斑玄武岩平均值相似。主量元素特征表明其主体属于亚碱性系列拉斑玄武岩,与冰岛拉斑玄武岩或夏威夷群岛喷发早期的拉斑玄武岩特征相类似。哥日卓托玄武岩∑REE为(68.71~133.50)×10-6,LREE/HREE为3.55~5.17,(La/Yb)N为3.07~5.32,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线图呈现轻稀土元素富集右倾型。原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图表现出向上大隆起的富集形态。玄武岩微量元素判别表明其形成于洋岛构造环境。岩石成因研究表明陆壳物质对其混染的可能性较小,岩石成分主要受熔融源区控制,并估算其为由地幔源区1%~3%的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩部分熔融的产物。结合前人资料认为该套洋岛玄武岩形成于早石炭世,进一步证明布青山古特提斯洋石炭纪时很可能是一个北缘发育复杂被动大陆边缘而布青山地区发育深水洋盆、洋岛/海山遍布的有限洋盆系统。 相似文献
3.
博格达造山带东段芨芨台子地区出露大量晚石炭世早期双峰式火山岩组合,岩石类型以亚碱性玄武岩为主,含有少量的流纹岩,属拉斑系列。其玄武岩富钠贫钾(Na2O/K2O=2.84~3.01),Ti O2含量为1.32%~1.43%,略高于N型大洋中脊玄武岩,高Al(Al2O3含量为19.81%~20.60%)、低Mg(Mg O含量为2.95%~3.25%,Mg#为32.33~34.50),表明其原始岩浆发生过明显的橄榄石和辉石的分离结晶作用。玄武岩具有近于平坦的稀土配分模式,轻微正Eu异常(δEu=1.02~1.10,平均为1.04),富集Rb、Ba、P等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Th、Sr、Ti等高场强元素的特征;其微量元素Zr/Nb比值41.13~41.38,Zr/Y比值4.26~4.52(均大于4.00),Rb/Sr比值0.02~0.04(均小于0.05),Dy/Yb比值1.92~2.00,La/Nb比值2.42~2.49,Ba/Nb比值113.58~126.05,Ba/La比值47.02~50.62以及火山岩Zr-Nb、La/Yb-Dy/Yb和La/Nb-La/Ba等判别图解,表明玄武岩可能是亏损尖晶石相地幔橄榄岩向石榴石相地幔橄榄岩过渡相较高程度部分熔融的产物,且在其上升过程中受到一定程度的地壳物质混染,显示了板内玄武岩的地球化学特征,形成于陆内裂谷环境。流纹岩具有较高的Si O2(76.54%~77.74%)和全碱(Na2O+K2O=6.70%~7.70%)含量,以及较低的Ti O2(0.15%~0.16%)、Al2O3(10.70%~10.90%)和Mg O(0.17%~0.18%,Mg#为13.93~14.52)含量;显示右倾负斜率稀土配分模式,铕负异常明显(δEu为0.32~0.33),显著富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta,强烈亏损Sr、Ti、P等高场强元素,指示流纹岩应来自于玄武岩浆上升过程中提供的热量对地壳物质重熔,源区有斜长石残留。芨芨台子地区双峰式火山岩的地球化学特征表明该套火山岩应形成于大陆裂谷环境,同时获得流纹岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(312±1)Ma,表明该套火山岩形成于晚石炭世早期。进一步的Rb-Sr地壳厚度网络图投影表明当时博格达地区地壳厚度为20.0~30.0 km,而且根据Zr-Zr/Y图解推断其地壳拉张速率介于2.0~5.0 cm/a,表明早石炭世早期开始的博格达初始裂谷在晚石炭世早期进一步快速拉张,发展到鼎盛阶段,也代表着博格达地区由碰撞挤压到伸展拉张这个地球动力学环境的重大转折,这一发现进一步证实了博格达造山带在石炭纪处于大陆裂谷演化的观点,为进一步理解博格达地区晚古生代构造格局及板块构造体制提供了重要的地质依据。 相似文献
4.
黔东南宰便新元古代镁铁-超镁铁质岩地球化学 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
在黔东南从江宰便地区进行地质填图过程中发现一处镁铁-超镁铁质岩体,该岩体属新元古代钙碱质岩系,矿物成分主要为长石、辉石和绿泥石等。其主量成分以高Na2O(5.04%~6.64%),CaO(0.76%~6.67%)和MgO(6.79%~7.88%),低TiO2(0.30%~0.4%),贫K2O(0.10%~0.29%)和P2O5(0.04%~0.05%)为特征。稀土总量ΣREE较高,为83.37×10-6~164.97×10-6,其LREE/HREE和(La/Yb)N变化较大,分别为3.50~7.25和2.90~7.58,表明轻和重稀土分馏较大,(La/Sm)N和(Gd/Yb)N相对较小,分别为1.81~3.19和1.22~1.53,表明轻稀土和重稀土内部分馏较小。在球粒陨石标准化图解上,为轻稀土富集,无Eu、Ce明显异常的平坦型;在原始地幔标准化曲线上出现较为明显的Nb、Ta负异常。微量元素及Y/Nb、Zr/Nb等参数暗示其为过渡-富集型地幔部分熔融的产物。综合研究表明该岩体形成于约800Ma的板内拉张环境,可能与导致Rodinia超大陆裂解的地幔柱有关。 相似文献
5.
滇西马厂箐铜矿区含矿斑岩体中的暗色包体与其寄主富碱花岗斑岩具有相似的地球化学的特征。寄主花岗斑岩Si O2含量为65.10%~70.60%,Al2O3为14.65%~17.55%,Mg O为0.80%~1.70%,Ca O为0.43%~1.92%,Na2O+K2O为8.25%~12.23%。受混染包体Si O2为62.50%~77.30%,Al2O3为10.00%~15.70%,Mg O为0.75%~3.82%,Ca O为0.86%~2.15%,Na2O+K2O为7.68%~10.22%。二者稀土配分曲线都是典型的右倾型配分模式,轻重稀土分馏明显,富集轻稀土、亏损重稀土。寄主岩具有高Sr(392.00×10-6~919.00×10-6)、低Y(10.10×10-6~17.10×10-6)、低Yb(1.00×10-6~1.40×10-6),高Sr/Y(33.24×10-6~104.43×10-6)、高(La/Yb)N(36.08×10-6~89.09×10-6)特点;暗色包体也具有高Sr(314.00×10-6~652.00×10-6),低Y(7.20×10-6~15.10×10-6)、低Yb(0.60×10-6~1.50×10-6)特征。通过对混染MME地球化学特征分析,结合前人对未混染或弱混染包体的研究资料,提出马厂箐复式岩体和其中的MME可能与该地区地幔玄武岩的底侵作用有关,而这种玄武岩底侵导致的不同岩浆混合作用可能是马厂箐铜矿的部分成矿条件。 相似文献
6.
甘肃白银厂铜多金属矿田岩石地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
甘肃白银厂铜多金属矿田及外围是北祁连铜多金属成矿带的重要地段。本文以白银厂矿田重点勘查区为研究对象,重点讨论与成矿密切相关的火山岩岩石地球化学特征及其找矿评价意义。结果显示白银厂矿田火山岩呈明显的双峰式,酸性火山岩主要岩石类型为英安岩和流纹岩,属低钾系列;基性火山岩属钾玄岩系列。酸性火山岩具有两种截然不同的稀土元素配分模式,一种是产在折腰山-火焰山(以下简称折-火)地区的酸性火山岩,∑REE低(43.21×10-6~65.02×10-6),LREE/HREE以及(La/Yb)N较高(LREE/HREE=4.66~6.71,(La/Yb)N=3.51~7.12),在稀土配分曲线图上表现为右倾的半弧型;另一种是产在小铁山-铜厂沟(以下简称小铁-铜厂)地区的酸性火山岩,∑REE较低(62.78×10-6~104.36×10-6),LREE/HREE以及(La/Yb)N亦较低(LREE/HREE=2.03~2.82,(La/Yb)N=1.19~1.95),在稀土配分曲线图上表现为平坦型。折-火地区酸性火山岩与小铁-铜厂地区酸性火山岩相比Sr亏损较弱,高场强元素含量也相对较低。以上证据表明折-火地区酸性火山岩形成于大陆边缘弧环境,为地幔源区部分熔融的产物,而小铁-铜厂地区的酸性火山岩则形成于原始的大洋弧或演化的大洋弧,为深度较浅的地壳源物质重熔的产物,因此,两者不属于同一火山机构,具有不同的成矿属性。 相似文献
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与柴北缘和北祁连相比,南祁连研究程度偏低,对其各个阶段的构造演化缺少精确时限。对分布于南祁连党河南山中段的科克巴斯陶玄武岩进行了岩石地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学研究,定年结果显示,该玄武岩成岩年龄为713±4.6Ma,为新元古代震旦纪。岩石地球化学分析表明,科克巴斯陶玄武岩SiO2含量为45.08%~49.81%,MgO为4.37%~6.67%,Na2O为2.95%~3.71%,K2O为0.28%~1.92%,TiO2为1.40%~2.01%,与拉斑玄武岩平均值相似。Nb/Y-SiO2图解显示科克巴斯陶玄武岩属亚碱性系列拉斑玄武岩。其ΣREE为(75.47~124.00)×10^-6,LREE/HREE为4.2~6.19。(La/Yb)N为3.67~6.18,(La/Sm)N为1.83~2.64,球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线图呈轻稀土明显富集的右倾型。原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图上,岩石以富集Sr、K、Rb、Ba为特征。岩石地球化学特征显示科克巴斯陶玄武岩岩浆为具OIB性质的地幔源区,其形成于板内洋岛构造环境。结合区域地层对比及锆石测年成果,将原划定的志留系巴龙贡嘎尔组进行了重新解体,由南至北,分别为志留系巴龙贡嘎尔组变砂岩段、新元古界震旦系天峻组火山岩段和中新元古界拐杖山组片岩段。 相似文献
8.
松辽盆地西缘早白垩世伸展事件：流纹岩锆石U Pb年龄、地球化学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为研究松辽盆地西缘大兴安岭早白垩世火山岩的构造属性,对研究区内流纹岩开展锆石U-Pb测年和地球化学测定。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,流纹岩形成于131.6±0.6~123.9±1.7Ma,属早白垩世。主量元素分析表明,流纹岩具高硅(SiO_2=69.08%~79.58%)、富碱(K_2O+Na_2O=5.93%~9.76%,平均为8.14),富钾(K_2O/Na_2O大于1.0,平均为2.14)、贫钙镁(平均CaO为0.60、MgO为0.27)和高FeOT/MgO(平均为6.77)比值的特征,属过铝质(A/CNK=1.35~1.78)高钾钙碱性—钾玄武岩系列岩石。据微量元素地球化学特征将其划分为两组:Ⅰ组流纹岩稀土元素总量较高(∑REE介于149.04×10~(-6)~213.18×10~(-6)之间,平均为172.35×10~(-6)),轻稀土元素(LREE)富集、轻重稀土元素分馏较强[(La/Yb)_N=4.89~11.87,平均为7.75)],中等—弱负铕异常(δEu=0.54~0.88,平均为0.70),配分曲线右倾模式,强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb,Ba,Th,K和亏损高场强元素(HFSE)_Nb,Ta,P和Ti;Ⅱ组流纹岩以稀土总量(∑REE平均为142.60×10~(-6))相对较低,具相对较强的负铕异常(δEu=0.05~0.46,平均为0.27),配分曲线相对较平缓以及Ba,Sr,P,Ti元素的强烈亏损与Ⅰ组流纹岩相区别,两组流纹岩地球化学成分相关性较好,二者均有低的Sr(206×10~(-6))和高Yb(大于2)含量,具壳源和造山后花岗岩的特征。结合最新资料及本文研究成果,初步认为研究区流纹岩为地壳部分熔融的产物,之后经历强烈的矿物分离结晶作用,与蒙古—鄂霍次克造山后伸展作用有关。 相似文献
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大兴安岭北部奇乾一带的新元古界佳疙瘩组上部由灰黑色致密枕状玄武岩、含气孔-杏仁状构造的枕状玄武岩夹灰黑色粉砂质板岩、绿泥片岩和灰色薄层大理岩化灰岩组成。枕状玄武岩由斜长石、辉石、绿泥石等组成。地球化学特征表明,岩石为富钠碱性玄武岩,稀土元素总量较高∑REE为107.71×10~(-6)~127×10~(-6),轻稀土富集LREE/HREE为5.15~5.56,(La/Yb)_N为4.44~5.18,δEu=0.86~1.08,稀土元素配分曲线为右倾型。微量元素与MORB相比,富集Ti,Sr、K、Rb、Ba等不相容元素,Y、Yb含量略低于MORB,Y、Yb相对亏损。构造环境判别显示该枕状熔岩形成于大洋板内洋岛环境,佳疙瘩组洋岛玄武岩的发现标志着此时已经有成熟的大洋壳形成;综合玄武岩的地质地球化学特征,认为其源区来自软流圈地幔或与地幔柱组分有关。 相似文献
10.
西藏冈底斯带中段南木林县仁堆侵入体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及岩石成因 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对冈底斯带中段仁堆地区二云母花岗岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,主量和微量元素地球化学分析表明,二云母花岗岩的结晶年龄为226.3±0.98Ma。二云母花岗岩为高钾钙碱性强过铝质花岗岩,Si O2含量为72.83%~74.99%,K2O/Na2O为1.58~2.37,Alk为7.37%~8.72%,A/CNK为1.21~1.39(1.1),刚玉标准分子ω(C-norm)大于1%。稀土元素总量为61.71×10-6~175.16×10-6,其中,轻稀土元素总量为53.93×10-6~165.49×10-6,重稀土元素总量为7.588×10-6~13.880×10-6,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,(La/Yb)N介于10.49~42.170之间。在稀土元素配分模式图上,表现为轻稀土元素富集的右倾型,有明显的负Eu异常,δEu介于0.264~0.57之间;在微量元素蛛网图上,表现出Ba、Nb、Sr、Ti、P亏损和Rb、K、U富集的特征。二云母花岗岩是增厚的冈底斯地壳在印支晚期应力松弛阶段,由于构造减压诱发部分熔融形成的。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
15.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
16.
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献