共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
高分辨率遥感影像的随机森林变化检测方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于面向对象分析(OBIA)的遥感影像变化检测研究已取得显著的进展,代表了遥感影像变化检测的发展范式,未来是发展更加智能的解译分析方法。随机森林作为一种新的机器学习算法,其预测效果和性能稳定性要优于许多单预测器和集成预测方法。本文充分利用OBIA及随机森林机器学习算法的优势,提出了利用随机森林进行面向对象的遥感影像变化检测。首先基于熵率对影像进行超像素分割,通过最优超像素个数评价指数来获取最佳的影像分割结果,并提取每个超像素在前、后时相影像上的光谱特征和Gabor特征作为随机森林的特征输入数据,用于模型的训练。在初始像素级检测结果之上,自动进行分类样本选择并构建分类器模型,用训练好的模型来提取最终的变化区域。利用Quickbird、IKONOS、SPOT-5等3组多光谱影像进行试验,结果表明,本文方法在变化检测精度上要优于对比方法。 相似文献
2.
In this study, an object-based image analysis (OBIA) approach was developed to classify field crops using multi-temporal SPOT-5 images with a random forest (RF) classifier. A wide range of features, including the spectral reflectance, vegetation indices (VIs), textural features based on the grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and textural features based on geostatistical semivariogram (GST) were extracted for classification, and their performance was evaluated with the RF variable importance measures. Results showed that the best segmentation quality was achieved using the SPOT image acquired in September, with a scale parameter of 40. The spectral reflectance and the GST had a stronger contribution to crop classification than the VIs and GLCM textures. A subset of 60 features was selected using the RF-based feature selection (FS) method, and in this subset, the near-infrared reflectance and the image acquired in August (jointing and heading stages) were found to be the best for crop classification. 相似文献
3.
面向对象的覆膜农田信息遥感表征方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解决复杂土地利用背景下覆膜农田信息遥感提取方法缺乏的问题,该文以河套灌区为研究区,以Sentinel-2A卫星数据为基础,结合面向对象影像分析和随机森林算法,开展了复杂土地利用背景下灌水与无灌水覆膜农田信息遥感同步提取研究。首先进行遥感影像尺度分割研究,优选出最佳分割尺度。在此基础上,提取光谱特征、纹理特征、几何特征,获取优化特征子集,并采用随机森林机器学习算法表征覆膜农田信息。研究表明,结合利用Sentinel-2A数据与OBIA方法能够有效表征覆膜农田信息,总体精度达93.03%,Kappa系数为0.91;其中,灌水覆膜农田用户精度为91.35%,制图精度为88.57%;无灌水覆膜农田用户精度为97.10%,制图精度为98.63%。研究证明了Sentinel-2A卫星数据和OBIA方法和机器学习算法在覆膜农田信息遥感表征中的应用潜力,能够为地物信息遥感表征研究中提供参考依据。 相似文献
4.
Ismail Colkesen Taskin Kavzoglu 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(8):1233-1242
With the increase in spatial resolution of recent sensors, object-based image analysis (OBIA) has gained importance for producing detailed land use maps. One of the main advantages of OBIA is that a variety of spectral, spatial and textural features can be extracted for the segmented image objects that are later utilized in classification. However, using a large number of features not only increases the required computational time, but also requires a large number of ground samples, which is unavailable in most cases. For these reasons, feature selection (FS) has become an important research topic for OBIA based classification studies. In this study, three filter-based FS algorithms namely, Chi square, information gain and ReliefF were applied to determine the most effective object features that ensure high separability among landscape features. For this purpose, importance degree (i.e. ranks) of 110 input object features were firstly estimated by the algorithms, and correlation-based merit function was then applied to determine optimum feature subset size. Multi-resolution segmentation algorithm was applied for segmenting a WorldView-2 image. Support vector machine, random forest and nearest neighbour classifiers were all utilized to classify segmented image objects using the selected object features. Results revealed that the FS algorithms were effective for selecting the most relevant features. Also, the classifiers produced the highest performances with 24 out of 110 features selected by the information gain (IG) algorithm. Particularly, the support vector machine classifier produced the highest overall accuracy (92.00%) with 24 selected features determined by the IG algorithm. A significant improvement of about 4% was achieved by applying FS procedures that was found statistically significant in terms of Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. 相似文献
5.
Alireza Hamedianfar 《国际地球制图》2013,28(3):268-292
Urban areas consist of spectrally and spatially heterogeneous features. Advanced information extraction techniques are needed to handle high resolution imageries in providing detailed information for urban planning applications. This study was conducted to identify a technique that accurately maps impervious and pervious surfaces from WorldView-2 (WV-2) imagery. Supervised per-pixel classification algorithms including Maximum Likelihood and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were utilized to evaluate the capability of spectral-based classifiers to classify urban features. Object-oriented classification was performed using supervised SVM and fuzzy rule-based approach to add spatial and texture attributes to spectral information. Supervised object-oriented SVM achieved 82.80% overall accuracy which was the better accuracy compared to supervised per-pixel classifiers. Classification based on the proposed fuzzy rule-based system revealed satisfactory output compared to other classification techniques with an overall accuracy of 87.10% for pervious surfaces and an overall accuracy of 85.19% for impervious surfaces. 相似文献
6.
精准农田识别是农作物估产和粮食安全评估的基础。遥感数据作为农田识别的重要数据源,可提供动态、快速的监测结果。高光谱数据在农田识别分类方面具有巨大的应用潜力,但其中的冗余波段影响了分类效率和分类精度。因此,本研究提出了一种适用于高光谱数据农田分类的混合式特征选择算法。首先,基于变量的重要性排序或约束程度,按步长逐步进行降维;其次,寻找分类精度骤减的转折点,并将其对应的变量作为特征子集;最后,利用序列后向选择SBS（Sequential Backward Selection）方法搜索最优分类特征子集。本研究利用GF-5高光谱数据,共研究了3种降维方法（随机森林RF（Random Forest）、互信息MI（Multi-Information）和L1正则化（L1 regularization））和3种分类算法（随机森林、支持向量机SVM（Support Vector Machine）和K近邻KNN（K-Nearest Neighbor））的组合在农田分类中的表现。结果表明,基于L1正则化法得到的特征子集自相关性较低,并且包含的红边和近红外波段有效提高了农田、森林和裸土的区分度。在不同分类模型比较中发现,SVM在高维空间中表现出非常好的抗噪能力,分类精度高于RF和KNN。而RF在低维空间中的泛化能力要高于SVM和KNN。相比于第一步降维得到的特征子集,使用SBS搜索得到的最优特征子集均提高了分类精度。最终,具有23维输入的L1-SVM-SBS分类模型得到了最高的总体分类精度（94.64%）和农田召回率（95.83%）。本研究为高光谱数据特征优选提供了一种新思路,筛选出了更具代表性的特征波段,提高了农田分类精度,对高光谱遥感分类研究具有参考价值。 相似文献
7.
Taskin Kavzoglu Hasan Tonbul Merve Yildiz Erdemir Ismail Colkesen 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(8):1297-1306
Object-based image analysis (OBIA) has attained great importance for the delineation of landscape features, particularly with the accessibility to satellite images with high spatial resolution acquired by recent sensors. Statistical parametric classifiers have become ineffective mainly due to their assumption of normal distribution, vast increase in the dimensions of the data and availability of limited ground sample data. Despite pixel-based approaches, OBIA takes semantic information of extracted image objects into consideration, and thus provides more comprehensive image analysis. In this study, Indian Pines hyperspectral data set, which was recorded by the AVIRIS hyperspectral sensor, was used to analyse the effects of high dimensional data with limited ground reference data. To avoid the dimensionality curse, principal component analysis (PCA) and feature selection based on Jeffries–Matusita (JM) distance were utilized. First 19 principal components representing 98.5% of the image were selected using the PCA technique whilst 30 spectral bands of the image were determined using JM distance. Nearest neighbour (NN) and random forest (RF) classifiers were employed to test the performances of pixel- and object-based classification using conventional accuracy metrics. It was found that object-based approach outperformed the traditional pixel-based approach for all cases (up to 18% improvement). Also, the RF classifier produced significantly more accurate results (up to 10%) than the NN classifier. 相似文献
8.
城市道路的多特征多核SVM提取方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对高分辨率遥感影像中城市道路提取的复杂性及SVM的分类性能,提出了一种城市道路的多特征多核SVM提取方法。首先利用FCM算法将原始影像粗分为建成区和非建成区两类,剔除非建成区;然后根据分水岭分割算法分割建成区并提取分割对象的光谱特征与空间特征,以全局核函数和局部核函数加权组合的方式构建多核SVM对建成区进行二次分类,去除建成区中的建筑物等非道路信息;最后利用数学形态学处理,获得最终的道路提取结果。试验结果表明：文中所提方法能够较精确地提取城市道路信息,分类精度高于单核SVM提取及其他对比方法。 相似文献
9.
10.
This study aims to increase the accuracy of the object based classification approach to differentiate the spectrally similar land cover types to create thematic maps depicting the current land use status in rangeland. Firstly, the multispectral and panchromatic bands of a WorldView-2 MS and Pan images are fused. The fused WV-2 image is then classified with object based approach using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) classifier (Method 1). The overall classification accuracy for Method 1 is found to be 88.6%. Secondly, UAV ortho-image is utilised for segmentation process, which is required for the object based SVM classification of the WV-2 MS image (Method 2). The overall classification accuracy for Method 2 is obtained as 92.4%. It is realised that the Method 2 increases the object based classification accuracy by 4%, compared to Method 1. This result reveals that the object based classification of the UAV and WV-2 MS images makes significant contribution to the classification accuracy. 相似文献
11.
面向对象遥感影像分类过程中,特征选择是保证分类精度和提高分类速度的关键因素。本文针对高分影像特征过多造成维度灾难、无法取舍有效特征导致低分类精度等问题,提出了一种基于特征贡献度与主成分分析(PCA)结合的特征选择优化方法,定量分析并提取影像特征。本文首先利用特征贡献度进行特征选择,提取有效特征;然后进行PCA变换消除特征间相互影响,降低维度,将提取的143个影像分类特征经选择与变换至20个主成分特征,最终优化的特征在神经网络(ANN)、K最近邻法(KNN)和支持向量机(SVM)三种分类实验结果中的总精度分别提高了10.56%、7.78%和6.11%,实现了较好的分类效果,说明优化的特征选择方法不仅大大降低了特征维度,减少了后端分类计算量,同时有效提高了分类精度。 相似文献
12.
In this paper, we evaluate the extent to which the resampled field spectra compare with the actual image spectra of the new generation multispectral WorldView-2 (WV-2) satellite. This was achieved by developing models from resampled field spectra data and testing them on an actual WV-2 image of the study area. We evaluated the performance of reflectance ratios (RI), normalized difference indices (NDI) and random forest (RF) regression model in predicting foliar nitrogen concentration in a grassland environment. The field measured spectra were used to calibrate the RF model using a randomly selected training (n = 70%) nitrogen data set. The model developed from the field spectra resampled to WV-2 wavebands was validated on an independent field spectral test dataset as well as on the actual WV-2 image of the same area (n = 30%, bootstrapped a 100 times). The results show that the model developed using RI could predict nitrogen with a mean R2 of 0.74 and 0.65 on an independent field spectral test data set and on the actual WV-2 image, respectively. The root mean square error of prediction (RMSE %) was 0.17 and 0.22 for the field test data set and the WV-2 image, respectively. Results provide an insight on the magnitude of errors that are expected when up-scaling field spectral models to airborne or satellite image data. The prediction also indicates the unceasing relevance of field spectroscopy studies to better understand the spectral models critical for vegetation quality assessment. 相似文献
13.
面向对象的旱区植被遥感精细分类研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对旱区植被分类尺度过大、种群无法准确提取的问题,该文提出了面向对象的CFS-RF分类模型,即利用CFS算法对先验样本数据集进行特征优选,结合随机森林构建分类规则,完成分类过程。以新疆阿勒泰为研究区,利用GF-2数据,通过CFS、ReliefF两种不同特征选择方法和J48、SVM、RF 3种分类算法构造出6种面向对象分类方案来实现小尺度植被种群提取。结果表明,经过特征选择,上述分类方案的精度和效率均得到了提升。其中,CFS-RF算法最优,总体精度达到92.41%,Kappa系数为0.90,更适用于旱区植被遥感精细分类。 相似文献
14.
15.
高光谱影像的引导滤波多尺度特征提取 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解决高光谱遥感影像分类中单一尺度特征无法有效表达地物类间差异和区分地物边界的不足,提高影像分类精度和改善分类目视解译效果,提出了采用引导滤波提取多尺度的空间特征的方法。首先,利用主成分分析对高光谱影像进行降维,移除噪声并突出主要特征;然后,将第1主成分作为引导影像,将包含信息量最多的若干主成分分别作为输入影像,应用依次增加的滤波半径分别进行引导滤波处理提取多个尺度的特征,获得影像不同尺度的结构信息;最后,将多尺度特征输入分类器中进行影像监督分类。采用仿真数据和帕维亚大学(Pavia University)、帕维亚城区(Pavia Centre)等3幅高光谱实验数据,提取了基于引导滤波的多尺度特征、多尺度形态特征和多尺度纹理特征,输入到支持向量机、随机森林和K近邻分类器中,进行了实验。实验结果表明:采用支持向量机分类Pavia University数据,相对于采用多尺度形态特征的分类结果,引导滤波特征的总体精度提高了6.5%;Pavia Centre和Salinas两幅影像最高分类精度均由引导滤波特征实现,分别达到98.51%和98.39%。实验证实基于引导滤波提取的多尺度特征能有效地描述地物结构,进而获得更高的分类精度和改善目视解译效果。 相似文献
16.
高分辨率遥感影像5种面向对象分类方法对比研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对主流的面向对象分类方法在遥感影像处理中的使用范围不明确的问题,以e-Cognition软件平台为基础,处理标准数据集,综合考虑视觉效果、总体精度和用户精度3方面,系统地比较分析了主流的面向对象分类方法在高分辨率影像中的分类效果和精度分析。试验结果表明：使用不同的分类方法均存在混分现象且混分对象不完全一样。在处理同一标准数据集时,隶属度函数分类方法的精度最高但分类速度最慢,Bayes的分类效果最差但操作简单,支持向量机（SVM）、决策树（DT）、随机森林（RF）的分类速度均较快且都有较高的精度,其中SVM分类方法在区分相似性高的对象方面具有明显优势。在选择高分影像分类方法时,要充分考虑分类影像的特征选择从而选择合适的分类方法。 相似文献
17.
Image classification from remote sensing is becoming increasingly urgent for monitoring environmental changes. Exploring effective algorithms to increase classification accuracy is critical. This paper explores the use of multispectral HJ1B and ALOS (Advanced Land Observing Satellite) PALSAR L-band (Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar) for land cover classification using learning-based algorithms. Pixel-based and object-based image analysis approaches for classifying HJ1B data and the HJ1B and ALOS/PALSAR fused-images were compared using two machine learning algorithms, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), to test which algorithm can achieve the best classification accuracy in arid and semiarid regions. The overall accuracies of the pixel-based (Fused data: 79.0%; HJ1B data: 81.46%) and object-based classifications (Fused data: 80.0%; HJ1B data: 76.9%) were relatively close when using the SVM classifier. The pixel-based classification achieved a high overall accuracy (85.5%) using the RF algorithm for classifying the fused data, whereas the RF classifier using the object-based image analysis produced a lower overall accuracy (70.2%). The study demonstrates that the pixel-based classification utilized fewer variables and performed relatively better than the object-based classification using HJ1B imagery and the fused data. Generally, the integration of the HJ1B and ALOS/PALSAR imagery can improve the overall accuracy of 5.7% using the pixel-based image analysis and RF classifier. 相似文献
18.
Crop mapping is one major component of agricultural resource monitoring using remote sensing. Yield or water demand modeling requires that both, the total surface that is cultivated and the accurate distribution of crops, respectively is known. Map quality is crucial and influences the model outputs. Although the use of multi-spectral time series data in crop mapping has been acknowledged, the potentially high dimensionality of the input data remains an issue. In this study Support Vector Machines (SVM) are used for crop classification in irrigated landscapes at the object-level. Input to the classifications is 71 multi-seasonal spectral and geostatistical features computed from RapidEye time series. The random forest (RF) feature importance score was used to select a subset of features that achieved optimal accuracies. The relationship between the hard result accuracy and the soft output from the SVM is investigated by employing two measures of uncertainty, the maximum a posteriori probability and the alpha quadratic entropy. Specifically the effect of feature selection on map uncertainty is investigated by looking at the soft outputs of the SVM, in addition to classical accuracy metrics. Overall the SVMs applied to the reduced feature subspaces that were composed of the most informative multi-seasonal features led to a clear increase in classification accuracy up to 4.3%, and to a significant decline in thematic uncertainty. SVM was shown to be affected by feature space size and could benefit from RF-based feature selection. Uncertainty measures from SVM are an informative source of information on the spatial distribution of error in the crop maps. 相似文献
19.
基于蚁群优化的特征选择新方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用蚁群优化算法解决特征选择问题，以获得能代表问题空间的较优特征子集，并能降低分类系统的搜索空间。以航空纹理影像的特征选择和分类问题为例，利用主分量变换和蚁群优化算法分别对原始纹理影像特征集合进行特征提取、选择和分类。结果表明，本文方法不仅能够降低图像特征空间维数，减少图像分类的工作量，而且还可以提高分类识别的正确率。 相似文献
20.
A margin-based feature selection approach is explored for hyperspectral data. This approach is based on measuring the confidence of a classifier when making predictions on a test data. Greedy feature flip and iterative search algorithms, which attempts to maximise the margin-based evaluation functions, were used in the present study. Evaluation functions use linear, zero–one and sigmoid utility functions where a utility function controls the contribution of each margin term to the overall score. The results obtained by margin-based feature selection technique were compared to a support vector machine-based recurring feature elimination approach. Two different hyperspectral data sets, one consisting of 65 bands (DAIS data) and other with 185 bands (AVIRIS data) were used. With digital airborne imaging spectrometer (DAIS) data, the classification accuracy by greedy feature flip algorithm and sigmoid utility function was 93.02% using a total of 24 selected features in comparison to an accuracy of 91.76% with full set of 65 features. The results suggest a significant increase in classification accuracy with 24 selected features. The classification accuracy (93.4%) achieved by the iterative search margin-based algorithm with 20 selected features using sigmoid utility function is also significantly more accurate than that achieved with 65 features. To judge the usefulness of margin-based feature selection approaches, another hyperspectral data set consisting of 185 features was used. A total of 65 selected features were used to evaluate the performance of margin-based feature selection approach. The results suggest a significantly improved performance by greedy feature flip-based feature selection technique with this data set also. This study also suggest that margin-based feature selection algorithms provide a comparable performance to support vector machine-based recurring feature elimination approach. 相似文献