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1.
北大巴山镇坪地区早寒武世硅质岩的地球化学特征及成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对北大巴山镇坪地区下寒武统杨家堡组和庄子沟组硅质岩的主量、微量和稀土元素地球化学特征做了较为系统的研究,结果表明：硅质岩SiO2含量在72.7%~98%之间,庄子沟组SiO2含量比杨家堡组低,相对富集Al2O3、Fe2O3和TiO2;微量元素相对地壳元素丰度都富集Ni、Mo、Ag、V、U,而贫Co和Th,庄子沟组还富集Cu、As和Bi;硅质岩稀土元素总量ΣREE在7.60×10-6~119.78×10-6之间,轻稀土元素相对重稀土元素富集(LREE/HREE﹥1),北美页岩标准化配分曲线呈左倾特征,具有正Eu和负Ce异常,庄子沟组ΣREE大于杨家堡组,且更富集轻稀土元素LREE,而杨家堡组具有更明显的左倾配分曲线和负Ce异常特征。杨家堡组硅质岩为生物和热水混合沉积成因,具有大洋盆地沉积环境硅质岩的特征;庄子沟下部硅质岩为生物和热水混合沉积成因,向上生物和热水作用减弱,陆源物质的贡献显著增加,上部硅质岩为正常陆缘沉积背景上叠合了生物和热水沉积,可能有部分火山物质的加入,庄子沟组硅质岩从下部到上部具有大洋盆地沉积环境硅质岩向大陆边缘盆地沉积环境硅质岩过渡的特征。 相似文献
2.
内蒙古阿拉善北部杭乌拉地区位于中亚造山带的中段南缘,处于西伯利亚板块、塔里木板块和华北板块之间,是研究中亚造山带和古亚洲洋演化的重要区域。文中以杭乌拉地区硅质岩地球化学特征为主要研究内容,结合前人研究结果,对阿拉善北部地区早古生代构造背景进行分析。杭乌拉地区下古生界西双鹰山组和班定陶勒盖组硅质岩镜下可见黏土、陆源粉砂和放射虫等,表现为明显的沉积成因特征。硅质岩地球化学特征一致性较差,其中Fe、Mn、Al等主量元素、Sc/Th值、(La/Ce)n值和δCe值反映出硅质岩为大陆边缘沉积,(La/Yb)n值反映硅质岩接近于远洋沉积背景,δEu 值表现为无热液作用影响,V、V/Y、Ti/V值多接近于洋中脊和大洋盆地硅质岩特征,U/Th、Ba/Sr值也属于热水成因硅质岩特征。硅质岩稀土元素配分曲线呈平坦状,无明显的右倾(大陆边缘轻稀土元素富集配分模式)和左倾(开放洋盆重稀土元素富集配分模式)特征。研究区早古生代地质记录相对较少,但是鉴于该地区晚古生代复杂的构造演化特征及其对早古生代古地理格局的继承,并结合上述硅质岩地球化学特征,认为研究区在早古生代为一个多岛洋环境。 相似文献
3.
《古地理学报》2017,(3)
内蒙古阿拉善北部杭乌拉地区位于中亚造山带的中段南缘,处于西伯利亚板块、塔里木板块和华北板块之间,是研究中亚造山带和古亚洲洋演化的重要区域。文中以杭乌拉地区硅质岩地球化学特征为主要研究内容,结合前人研究结果,对阿拉善北部地区早古生代构造背景进行分析。杭乌拉地区下古生界西双鹰山组和班定陶勒盖组硅质岩镜下可见黏土、陆源粉砂和放射虫等,表现为明显的沉积成因特征。硅质岩地球化学特征一致性较差,其中Fe、Mn、Al等主量元素、Sc/Th值、(La/Ce)_n值和δCe值反映出硅质岩为大陆边缘沉积,(La/Yb)_n值反映硅质岩接近于远洋沉积背景,δEu值表现为无热液作用影响,V、V/Y、Ti/V值多接近于洋中脊和大洋盆地硅质岩特征,U/Th、Ba/Sr值也属于热水成因硅质岩特征。硅质岩稀土元素配分曲线呈平坦状,无明显的右倾(大陆边缘轻稀土元素富集配分模式)和左倾(开放洋盆重稀土元素富集配分模式)特征。研究区早古生代地质记录相对较少,但是鉴于该地区晚古生代复杂的构造演化特征及其对早古生代古地理格局的继承,并结合上述硅质岩地球化学特征,认为研究区在早古生代为一个多岛洋环境。 相似文献
4.
碧口岩群硅质岩成因及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
碧口块状硫化物矿床直接赋矿主岩硅质岩地质特征及常量、微量、稀土元素组成表明,碧口岩群硅质岩为同火山岩喷流热水沉积成因。碧口岩群硅质岩常量元素富Fe、贫Si,为典型热水沉积成因;其微量元素、稀土元素特征均与现代大洋热水沉积物相似。热水硅质岩Eu异常与古流体温度存在密切关系,Eu／Eu特征显示筏子坝、铜矿坡为较高温度喷流产物,而大茅坪、黑窝子、铜矿梁、周家坡则为较低温度下的产物。 相似文献
5.
华南热水沉积硅质岩建造及其成矿效应 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
华南地区热水沉积建造发育。文中介绍该地区热水沉积建造 ,特别是震旦系顶部、泥盆系榴江组和二叠系当冲组 3个重要层位的硅质岩建造 ,分析它们的地质地球化学特征。研究表明 ,华南三层位沉积硅质岩的共同特征是TiO2 、Al2 O3 和K2 O含量一致偏低 ,大部分微量元素含量偏低 (与地壳克拉克值相比 ) ,但Ba、As、Sb富集 ,具有较为典型的热水沉积成因特点。多元统计分析显示 ,大部分微量元素在第一个主因子上均有显著因子载荷 ,与它们在基底的富集或亏损无关 ,代表了古地热系热水循环中的淋滤因子。华南三层位热水成因硅质岩具有相似的REE地球化学特征。REE总量低 ,稀土配分模式落在典型热水沉积物的上、下限之间 ,多数样品呈现δCe和δEu负异常。正常沉积的混入使部分硅质岩的REE配分模式复杂化。最后 ,讨论了与热水沉积建造相关的成矿效应 ,为金属矿床成因和评价提供约束条件 相似文献
6.
为了研究甘肃徽县郭家沟铅锌矿床成因,分别对赋矿硅质岩的常量、微量和稀土元素及叠加热液碳酸盐矿物的C、O、Sr同位素和石英流体包裹体的D、O同位素进行了系统分析。结果表明:硅质岩常量元素Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值为0.08～0.30(平均为0.19),介于纯热水硅质岩与正常海相沉积硅质岩之间,靠近热水沉积端元;其球粒陨石标准化的稀土元素配分曲线显示明显的Eu正异常,与海底热水沉积物REE配分曲线类似,指示硅质岩为热水沉积成因,为泥盆纪同生喷流沉积的产物。后期叠加的热液碳酸盐矿物的C、O同位素组成特征,指示热液中的C、O主要来自地层中沉积灰岩,并通过灰岩溶解作用过程获得。热液碳酸盐矿物与灰岩Sr同位素比值部分重叠,而高于糜暑岭岩体初始Sr同位素比值,指示热液中的Sr主要来自灰岩而非花岗岩。石英流体包裹体的D、O同位素组成与岩浆流体接近,指示石英-硫化物阶段成矿流体主要来自岩浆热液。综上所述,郭家沟铅锌矿床为一经历泥盆纪同生喷流、印支期岩浆热液叠加改造成矿的复合型层控铅锌矿床。 相似文献
7.
本文对四川省若尔盖县北部-甘肃省迭部县中-下志留统[兰多维列统(Llandovery)-温洛克统(Wenlock)]富有机碳硅质岩进行了无机化学研究,目的是探讨其成因及形成环境,并建立研究区硅质岩形成及相关元素富集模式。主要对1个钻孔、2个剖面共28件硅质岩的岩相学、扫描电镜、主量、微量、稀土元素、有机碳及Si、O稳定同位素特征进行了研究。(1)岩相学、扫描电镜分析,Fe/Ti、Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)(0.08~0.79)均值0.31、(Fe+Mn)/Ti,(La/Yb)N(0.12~1.41)均值0.54、δEu(0.81~3.36)均值1.55、∑REE(7.59~253.48)均值82.90,Si同位素(-0.2‰~2.1‰)均值0.66‰、O同位素(13.5‰~21.8‰)均值19.53‰、同位素对成岩温度的反演,显示硅质岩为热水沉积成因,并伴有生物作用(Si、O稳定同位素显示),益哇硅质岩形成时陆源物质供给适量,导致与碳酸盐相关生物繁盛,少量样品受陆源物质影响显著。(2)岩相学、扫描电镜分析,MnO_2/TiO_2、Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)、Al/(Al+Fe)(0.08~0.80)均值0.33、Th/U、V(28.6×10~(-6)~2261×10~(-6))均值454.42×10~(-6)、Ti/V,δCe(0.65~1.58)均值1.01、(La/Ce)N(0.60~1.314)均值0.97、有机碳(TOC)-微量元素二元图解,显示研究区硅质岩形成于大陆边缘的热水喷流导致海底局部水动力较强的缺氧环境[特别是δCe、(La/Ce)N、稀土配分模式],部分硅质岩由于富集热液元素导致其具有洋脊、大洋盆地硅质岩的特征。结合前人研究成果,认为研究区硅质岩形成于扬子板块北缘(古商丹洋南缘)热水喷流系统发育(导致海底水动能较强的)、缺氧状态的陆缘拉张裂陷环境,这种环境有利于U、V、Mo、Cu、Ni等变价元素的富集,扬子板块北缘早古生代(寒武纪-志留纪)黑色页岩系产自扩张的大陆边缘缺氧-还原环境。 相似文献
8.
通过对上扬子地块北缘大巴山构造带与碑坝穹窿构造带中震旦系灯影组硅质岩的硅、氧同位素进行研究以探究其成因。结果显示,研究区硅质岩及石英脉中δ30Si值为0.6‰~1.6‰,全为正高值,与沉积成因硅质岩的δ30Si值十分接近,并且该地区当时处于浅海陆棚环境,沉积物受陆源碎屑影响较大,也说明其为沉积成因;另外,硅质岩及石英脉中δ18 O值为20.3‰~21.6‰,与沉积成岩石英的δ18 O一致,通过硅质岩氧同位素地质温度计计算得出,该地区硅质岩形成温度明显的高于古海水温度,表明研究区有海底热水的参与。最后推断研究区硅质岩系是沉积成因的,且在沉积过程中有海底热水的参与。 相似文献
9.
新疆阿尔泰巴特巴克布拉克铁矿床赋存于上志留统—下泥盆统康布铁堡组变质火山-沉积岩的矽卡岩中,矿体形态复杂,呈似层状、透镜状及不规则状分布。围岩斜长角闪岩、变粒岩和浅粒岩稀土元素配分模式为轻稀土元素相对富集的右倾型,与矿区英云闪长岩稀土元素配分模式相似;矿石和矽卡岩稀土元素配分模式多表现为重稀土元素相对富集的左倾型,综合了围岩和英云闪长岩二者的特征,表明它们之间有明显的成因联系。结合硫同位素特征(1.4‰～4.8‰)表明,成矿物质来源于基性火山岩(围岩)。矽卡岩为花岗质岩浆期后热液交代火山岩的产物,铁矿化是矽卡岩退化蚀变的产物,矿床形成于弱还原-氧化环境。 相似文献
10.
勉略构造带硅质岩元素地球化学特征及其形成环境 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
勉略构造带古生代硅质岩发育,其对西秦岭造山带古生代沉积环境与构造背景具有重要指示意义。本文研究了勉略构造带西段文县地区泥盆纪硅质岩的野外露头产状、岩石学与矿物学及全岩主微量元素地球化学特征,对比分析了该带东段硅质岩性质,综合剖析了勉略构造带古生代硅质岩的沉积环境,探讨了西秦岭造山带古生代岩相古地理环境及大地构造背景。文县硅质岩有灰白色块状硅质岩和灰黑色角砾状硅质岩两种类型,两者均具层状、条带状等沉积构造,并与上覆、下伏地层整合接触,为典型热水沉积硅质岩。岩石主要组成矿物为细晶-微晶石英,含有少量的方解石、绢云母及泥质等。岩石地球化学分析显示,硅质岩SiO2含量较高,为84.85%~99.07%,平均为91.99%,且灰白色硅质岩质地更纯,SiO2含量明显高于灰黑色硅质岩。硅质岩主微量、稀土元素Fe2O3/TiO2-Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)、V/Y-Ti/V及LaN/CeN-Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)图解表明该区硅质岩主要形成于大陆边缘及近大陆边缘环境。稀土元素显示灰黑色角砾状硅质岩稀土总量较高,为171.3×10-6~236.1×10-6,而灰白色块状硅质岩仅为11.96×10-6~51.06×10-6,表明前者所含陆源物质组分更多;稀土元素北美页岩标准化后两者整体显示了相似的轻重稀土分异不明显的平坦型稀土配分模式,其中灰黑色硅质岩δCe为0.95~1.05、δEu为0.66~0.87、(La/Yb)SN值为0.95~1.10,反映基本无Ce异常、弱Eu负异常及轻重稀土分异不明显;灰白色硅质岩的δCe为1.07~1.12、δEu为0.70~0.90、(La/Yb)SN值为1.64~4.07显示了弱Ce正异常、弱Eu负异常及弱轻重稀土分异,两者稀土元素特征与世界典型大陆边缘(裂陷)盆地硅质岩相近。文县硅质岩地质、元素地球化学特征表明其整体形成于大陆边缘及近大陆边缘沉积环境,但相比于灰白色块状硅质岩,灰黑色角砾状硅质岩有更多陆源物质加入。结合勉略构造带东段古生代硅质岩野外产出及地球化学特征分析,该区在早古生代-晚古生代早期主要处于扬子板块北部大陆边缘海盆沉积环境,有较多的陆源物质加入到富硅的热水沉积中,在勉略构造带内自西向东形成了一系列不同时代的热水沉积硅质岩。与此同时,西秦岭主要处于大陆裂陷构造背景之中,多期次的裂陷活动形成了一系列裂陷盆地及深大断裂,这对西秦岭古生代热水沉积硅质岩的形成具有重要意义。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
17.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献