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1.
首次在新疆准噶尔盆地西北缘和什托洛盖以北地区的晚泥盆世法门晚期地层中发现板海神石及大型弓海神石菊石动物。板海神石动物群由Platyclymenia （Pl.） subnautilina （Sandberger）、Sporadoceras sp.和Prionoceras frechi （Wedekind）等分子组成;可能与Annulata事件有关。弓海神石动物群中Protactoclymenia sp.和Cyrtoclymeniasp.以壳体硕大为显著特征,直径可达20cm。这些菊石可与西欧晚泥盆世标准菊石带第Ⅳ带的菊石组合进行对比（相当于牙形石Upper trachytera至Lower expansa带）,而且在区域上的分布具有一定的稳定性,尤其是弓海神石动物群,其产出层位可作为和什托洛盖以北地区地层对比的标志层。 相似文献
2.
晚白垩世中国东南沿岸山系与中南地区的沙漠和盐湖化 总被引：25，自引：3，他引：25
晚白垩世在中国东南沿古太平洋西岸地区形成了一条巨大的沿岸山系，其山峰高度在３５００—４０００ｍ之间，东西宽度近５００ｋｍ，挡住了东来的暖湿气流，使中南地区云梦泽内陆水域的广大平原和丘陵地变成了一个热带—亚热带干旱、炎热的半沙漠和盐湖地区，这一古地理和古气候格局一直持续到早第三纪末才开始改变。 相似文献
3.
西准噶尔洪古勒楞组及泥盆-石炭系界线 总被引：18，自引：3，他引：15
<正> 新疆西准噶尔和布克赛尔蒙古自治县的沙尔布尔提山一带,上泥盆统发育,其下部称朱鲁木特组,为陆相地层,上部为洪古勒楞组,下石炭统称为黑山头组。洪古勒楞组建于1979年(曾亚参、肖世禄1979,侯鸿飞等1979)。1985年笔者重测洪古勒楞组的命名剖面,发现它可能位于向斜构造上,地层有重复,缺失与石炭系接触的上部地层;此外发现三个泥盆—石炭系的连续剖面。 相似文献
4.
Foraminiferal and conodont faunas at the Devonian–Carboniferous (D–C) boundary in the southern part of the Moravian Karst (Czech Republic) were studied in different facies of the basin slope. The joint presence of foraminifers and conodonts in calciturbidites along with a positive δ13C excursion of the Hangenberg anoxic event enabled the high‐resolution calibration of the late Famennian–early Tournaisian interval (Upper expansa–crenulata conodont zones). The conodont stratigraphic and biofacies succession reveals a strong correlation with other European areas. The Siphonodella sulcata morphotype (close to Group 1 sensu Kaiser and Corradini and “nov. gen. nov. sp. 1” sensu Tragelehn) enters prior to the Hangenberg Event, which resembles Upper and Uppermost Famennian conodont successions from Franconia, Bavaria and Morocco. The diversification of the early siphonodellids takes place after the Hangenberg Event and after the protognathodid radiation. In terms of foraminiferal biostratigraphy, the D–C boundary interval is characterized by the first appearance datum (FAD) of Tournayellina pseudobeata close below the D–C boundary followed by a sequence of Tournaisian bioevents, where apart from the last appearance datums (LADs) of quasiendothyrs, the FADs of the Neoseptaglomospiranella species and chernyshinellids play an important role in a similar manner as in Eastern Europe. The correlation of these bioevents elsewhere is often hindered by glacioeustatically‐driven unconformities and widespread occurrences of unfavourable facies for plurilocular foraminifers (Malevka beds and Bisphaera beds). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
5.
笔者在广西象州中坪马鞍山剖面上泥盆统“融县组”中部,首次发现了地层连续、岩性均一、牙形石带齐全的弗拉斯阶/法门阶界线层。这一界线层完全符合国际泥盆纪地层分会(SDS 1983)作出的关于划分弗拉斯阶/法门阶界线条件的决议。并与被誉为盆地相最佳剖面的西德Schmidt剖面(SDS Newsl.1986,no.1,Doc.C)的牙形石序列基本一致。无论是从岩石的均一性或是牙形石生物的连续性上,马鞍山剖面完全可与西德Schmidt剖面媲美,它是目前国内研究弗拉斯阶/法门阶界线的理想剖面之一。本文除了对这一界线进 相似文献
6.
华南上泥盆统和下石炭统层序地层学 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本文把华南法门阶上部和杜内阶分为４个层序，自下而上依次命名为ＳＱ０、ＳＱ１、ＳＱ２和ＳＱ３。其中ＳＱ０属斯图年阶（Ｓｔｒｕｎｉａｎ）（泥盆系最顶部），其余３个层序归杜内阶。这４个层序可以与欧美等地同期的层序进行对比，表明当时的海平面升降变化及其由此而产生的沉积层序具有全球的一致性。层序地层学、生物地层学和事件地层学综合研究表明，华南浅海相区与Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｏｄｅｌａｐｒａｅｓｕｌｃａｔａ－Ｓ．ｓｕｌｃａｔａ界线一致的泥盆－石炭系界线不仅高于Ｃｙｓｔｏｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ带顶界，而且还应高于引起Ｃｙｓｔｏｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ绝灭的海退事件层的顶界。因此建议以Ｃｙｓｔｏｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ－Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｕｒａｌｉｎａ间隔带中最明显的一个海进面，即ＳＱ１的海进体系域的底界作为华南浅海相区泥盆－石炭系界线。这条界线与泥盆－石炭纪之交海退事件层的顶界正好一致，大致相当于Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｕｒａｌｉｎａ组合带底部。 相似文献
7.
广西六景泥盆纪吉维阶-弗拉斯阶界线层牙形石生物地层 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
广西六景泥盆系剖面是我国泥盆系标准剖面之一 ,通过对其吉维阶 -弗拉斯阶界线上下地层进行详细的牙形石生物地层研究 ,自上而下识别出 12个牙形石带 :Palmatolepis jamieae带、Palmatolepis hassi带、Palmatolepispunctata带、Palmatolepistransitans带、上 Mesotaxisfalsiovalis带、下 Mesotaxisfalsiovalis带、Klapperina dispar-ilis带、上 Schmidtognathus hermanni- Polygnathus cristatus带、下 Schmidtognathus hermanni- Polygnathus cristatus带、上 Polygnathus varcus带、中 Polygnathus varcus带、下 Polygnathus varcus带。吉维阶 -弗拉斯阶界线 (即中 -上泥盆统界线 )由 Ancyrodella binodosa→ Ancyrodella rotundiloba early form→ Ancyrodella rotundiloba late form这一演化线系中的 Ancyrodella rotundiloba early form的首次出现确定 ,处于下 Mesotaxis falsiovalis带下部 ,在谷闭组底界之上 1.80 m处。 相似文献
8.
新疆库车地区早泥盆世早期牙形刺的发现 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
<正> 1985年,地质矿产部石油地质综合大队在研究新疆塔里木盆地北缘库车河泥盆系剖面时,在原归中泥盆统的阿拉塔格组发现了早泥盆世早期的delta带的牙形刺。库车河泥盆系剖面,位于库勒湖南、夏合布拉克之北(图1)。张守安,易荣龙等在野外观察时认 相似文献
9.
西准噶尔地区广泛分布的和布克河组已被证明是洪古勒楞组的晚出异名,本文在西准噶尔克拉赛勒克山原划为下石炭统"和布克河组"的碎屑岩地层中发现了丰富的动、植物化石,包括:三叶虫Phacops sp.,菊石Manticoceras sp.,腕足类Tylothyris sp.,Aulacella sp.,"Mucrospirifer"sp.,Cyrtospirifer sp.,植物Leptophloeum rhombicum,Syringodendron sp.,Knorria sp.,其时代显示为晚泥盆世。根据岩性组合特征将其厘定为上泥盆统铁列克提组,而非"和布克河组"的替代名称洪古勒楞组。通过区域地质调查工作,证明了西准噶尔玛依力山地层小区内没有洪古勒楞组的分布,其晚泥盆世地层仅由铁列克提组组成,洪古勒楞组只分布在沙尔布尔提山地层小区,两个地层小区的界线为孟布拉克北侧至谢米斯台山南坡的深大断裂。晚泥盆世两个地层小区沉积分异明显,直到早石炭世早期才进入统一的盆地演化阶段,地层小区的分区性也随之消失。 相似文献
10.
滇西昌宁—孟连带西区两个地层问题——兼论昌宁—孟连带的闭合造山过程 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对昌宁—孟连带西区的两个地层问题进行了讨论。根据牙形刺和放射虫的发现将原定为拉巴组的塔拉弄—南雅条带的时代厘定为晚泥盆世至早石炭世 ,时代大致与南皮河群的弄巴组或“中区”的“上泥盆统”相当 ,它们之间的确切关系仍有待进一步研究。怕拍组实际上主体属晚二叠世晚期 ,仅顶部可能包含有少量下三叠统印度阶最底部的沉积。对怕拍组的研究证实了澜沧运动的存在 ,昌宁—孟连带自此开始了由海洋盆地向造山带的演变进程 ,这一过程持续达七千万年之久。 相似文献
11.
The age of the Yukiang (Yujiang) Formation has been shrouded in controversy for more than 75 years. New investigation at the Liujing section, Hengxian County, Guangxi, has revealed a conodont sequence assignable to two Early Devonian conodont zonations: the Eognathodus kindlei?–Polygnathus pireneae Zone and the Polygnathus nothoperbonus Zone from oldest to youngest. The Gaoling and Mahuangling members of the Nahkaoling (Nagaoling) Formation and the overlying Xiayiling Member and lower part of the Shizhou Member of the Yukiang Formation are proven to belong to the Pragian Eognathodus kindlei?–Polygnathus pireneae Zone. The co-occurrence of Polygnathus pireneae and Pol. sokolovi in the lower part of the Shizhou Member demonstrates that this interval can be approximately correlated with the uppermost part of the Polygnathus pireneae Zone. However, precise level identification of the Pragian–Emsian Boundary (PEB) in the Liujing section remains dfficult due to the scarcity of suitable limestone samples for conodont analysis from the middle and upper parts of the Shizhou Member. The Daliancun and Liujing members of the Yukiang Formation and the lower part of the overlying Moding Formation are assigned to the Polygnathus nothoperbonus Zone with the nominal species of this biozone ranging from the bottom of the Daliancun Member to the lower part of the Moding Formation. 相似文献
12.
新疆准噶尔盆地洪古勒楞组的时代 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《地层学杂志》1990,(2)
<正> 新疆准噶尔盆地西北部和布克赛尔蒙古族自治县布龙果尔,发育一套海陆交互相晚泥盆世地层,含丰富的腕足类,珊瑚,三叶虫和植物化石。这套地层,命名为洪古勒楞组(曾亚参、肖世禄1979),时代为晚泥盆世。1985年,新疆石油管理局在布龙果尔剖面的灰岩层采集了牙形刺样品,含化石层自上而下如下(岩性、厚度引自“新疆的泥盆系”): 上覆地层:下石炭统“黑山头组”? 相似文献
13.
针对保山地层区熊洞剖面原属栗柴坝组的灰岩进行了牙形石样品分析,总计建立了5个牙形石带,分别为Pterospathodus pennatus procerus带、Kockelella walliseri带、Ancoradella ploeckensis带、Polygnathoides siluricus带和Polygnathus nothoperbonus带。该剖面第8层原属栗柴坝组,Polygnathus nothoperbonus分子的出现证实其为下泥盆统埃姆斯阶的地层,应归为向阳寺组。剖面总体对应志留系温洛克统底部到下泥盆统埃姆斯阶中部,中间缺失志留系罗德洛统卢德福特阶—下泥盆统埃姆斯阶之间的8～10个标准牙形石带,说明该地区后期可能受构造作用影响,志留系和泥盆系界线为断层接触。该剖面牙形石序列的建立一定程度上完善了滇西保山地层区志留系生物地层的研究程度,为下一步该区生物地层格架的建立奠定了基础。 相似文献
14.
Detrital blue amphibole was found for the first time in two samples of the Famennian section of the South Harz-Selke Graywacke and the Tanne Graywacke (Middle Visean) of the Harz Mountains. Microprobe analyses reveal that the blue amphiboles represent glaucophane with Fe3+/(Fe3++AlVI)=0.22 molar ratio. The minimum pressure required for the formation of glaucophane of this composition is estimated to be approximately 8 kbar. The source area of the detrital glaucophane is assumed to be located between the Northern Phyllite Zone and the Mid-German Crystalline Rise, in areas which have been downfaulted (?subducted) during the Variscan orogeny. The age of blueschist-facies metamorphism in the source area must be of pre-Upper Devonian age. This metamorphic event is significantly older than the Lower Carboniferous high-pressure/low-temperature metamorphism documented in parts of the northern Phyllite zone. Hence, the convergent tectonics connected with blueschist-facies metamorphism is not restricted to the Lower Carboniferous, but can be traced back at least to the early Upper Devonian. These data are in accordance with a southerly directed underplating (?subduction) at the northern margin of the Saxothuringian zone active during at least from early Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous. 相似文献
15.
Paul M. Myrow Jahandar Ramezani Anne E. Hanson Samuel A. Bowring Grzegorz Racki Michał Rakociński 《地学学报》2014,26(3):222-229
Precise U–Pb zircon dates from three volcanic ash beds that bracket the Hangenberg Shale in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland, constrain the age and duration of one of the most significant palaeobiological events of the Palaeozoic Era, the Hangenberg Event. It is linked to a terminal Devonian global shift from greenhouse to icehouse climate conditions, a global transgression, and widespread black shale deposition. Our results constrain the Hangenberg Event to between 358.97 ± 0.11 Ma and 358.89 ± 0.20 Ma, with a calculated duration of 0.05 +0.14/?0.05 Ma. A third, underlying ash bed yielded a distinctly older age of 359.97 ± 0.46 Ma. The duration of ~50–100 ka. for the event is comparable to those of Quaternary glaciations, and is consistent with both a glacio‐eustatic origin for the eustatic fluctuations and changes in ocean chemistry that led to this major reorganization of the biosphere. 相似文献
16.
广西东北部泥盆系发育良好,化石丰富,对研究中国华南地区泥盆纪生物地层具有重要意义。对广西全州地区东山剖面上泥盆统佘田桥组、锡矿山组和孟公坳组进行了系统的化石采集及室内分析,共获得104枚牙形石化石和34件腕足类化石。经鉴定,牙形石共21属19种,腕足类化石共6属9种。根据化石种属在东山剖面上的分布,自下而上可划分出8个牙形石带:Icriodus brecis带,Schmidtognathus hermanni-Polygnathus cristatus带,Schmidtognatus wittekindtii带,Palmatolepis linguiformis带,Palmatolepis triangularis带,Palmatolepis rhomboidea带,Icriodus cornutus带和Palmatolepis gracilis manca-Rhodalepis polylophodontiformis带,指示研究区内佘田桥组、锡矿山组、孟公坳组分别对应国际年代地层单位的弗拉斯阶上部、法门阶下部和法门阶中上部,并通过Palmatolepis triangularis的首现确立了该地区弗拉斯阶和法门阶(F-F)的界线;在东山剖面共划分出2个腕足类组合带:弓石燕(Cyrtospirifer)组合带和云南贝(Yunnanella)-帐幕石燕(Tenticosififer)组合带,它们分别与东山剖面中牙形石Palmatolepis falsiovalis-Palmatolepis linguiformis带、Palmatolepis rhomboidea-Palmatolepis marginifera带对应。 相似文献
17.
北疆沙尔布尔提山地区早泥盆-早石炭世沉积相、物源演变及其意义 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
准噶尔西北部沙尔布尔提山地区下泥盆统到下石炭统的沉积可划分为滨海相和海岸平原相。其中下泥盆统和布克赛尔组底部的乌图布拉克亚组为滨海碎屑岩相,曼格尔亚组为滨海碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩相,芒克鲁亚组为滨海碳酸盐岩相。中泥盆统呼吉尔斯特组为海岸平原相。上泥盆统洪古勒楞组底部为海岸平原相,向中部过渡为滨海碳酸盐岩相,顶部为滨海碎屑岩相。下石炭统黑山头组为滨海碎屑岩相。下泥盆统和下石炭统的古流向总体从北向南,显示研究区以北地区为物源区,即成吉斯-塔尔巴哈台褶皱带。结合沉积相的研究成果,本区可能属成吉斯-塔尔巴哈台褶皱带以南的晚古生代陆缘区。物源演变趋势分析揭示早泥盆世成吉斯-塔尔巴哈台带中的早古生代岛弧发生隆起,为乌图布拉克亚组提供成熟度很低的碎屑物质。随着岛弧被剥蚀殆尽,中、晚泥盆世呼吉尔斯特组和洪古勒楞组沉积时转而接受岩屑型再旋回造山带的物源供应,而早石炭世的物源则为过渡型再旋回造山带区。这种物源变化反映了成吉斯-塔尔巴哈台褶皱带的建造特征和隆起过程。 相似文献
18.
Cephalopod limestone deposition on a shallow pelagic ridge: the Tafilalt Platform (upper Devonian, eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
As a result of early Variscan tectonic movements and of differential subsidence, a platform and basin topography was created along the northern margin of the Sahara Craton during the late Devonian. In the Moroccan Anti-Atlas Mountains, the Tafilalt Platform is an approximately N-S running ridge which developed since the late Middle Devonian. It separated a slowly subsiding shallow basin in the east (Tafilalt Basin) from a rapidly subsiding furrow in the west (Mader Basin). Platform deposits are characterized by highly reduced thicknesses, shallow subtidal to supratidal deposits in the late Frasnian and by unconformities at the Lower/Upper Frasnian and the Frasnian/Famennian boundaries. After a local transgression over emergent areas in the north, water depth probably never reached more than several tens to about 100 m in the lower Famennian. Cephalopod limestones of this age, deposited on the platform, represent a very diverse facies pattern comprising quartz-rich brachiopod coquinas, crinoidal limestones, thick-bedded cephalopod limestones and nodular limestones. Sedimentation rates ranged from 1 to 5 mm/ 1000 yr. In the late Famennian more uniform marl and nodular limestone facies suggest slightly deeper environments. Platform margins are characterized by higher rates of subsidence, debris flow deposits and slump structures. In the relatively shallow Tafilalt Basin, marls with intercalated nodular limestones were deposited. In the Mader Basin, sandy and calcareous turbidites suggest deeper water conditions in the late Devonian. During the Strunian/Tournaisian the whole area was overwhelmed by a thick deltaic sequence. The general facies distribution is in agreement with depositional models of other Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous cephalopod limestones in the European Variscan orogenic belts. In all these cases, condensed cephalopod limestones occupy a distinct palaeogeographic position in predictable facies sequences that reflect pre-orogenic phases in the Variscan geodynamic cycle. Moreover, close parallels exist with condensed sequences in the Triassic and Jurassic that occur in a very similar position within the Alpine orogenic cycle. 相似文献
19.
湘中佘田桥剖面上泥盆统弗拉斯阶地层研究新进展 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
湘中佘田桥剖面的佘田桥阶大致与弗拉斯阶范围一致 ,其下为吉维阶泥质灰岩 ,含腕足类 Emanuella tak-wanensis等及竹节石 Viriatellina kienelensis等。佘田桥阶自下而上分别为榴江组、蒸水河组、老江冲组。榴江组主要是紫红色粉砂质泥岩 /粉砂岩互层、底部为黑色薄层硅质岩。蒸水河组下部以灰黑色及暗灰色钙质泥页岩为主 ,含介形虫 Bertillonella erecta、B.cicatricosa?、Franklinella calcarata、Entomozoe(N ehdentomis) tenera及菊石 Meso-beloceras?sp.;上部泥质灰岩、似瘤状灰岩、粉砂质泥岩含牙形石 Palmatolepis cf.semichatovae、大型菊石 Mantico-ceras sp.及介形虫 Entomozoe(N ehdentomis) pseudorichterina。老江冲组以泥页岩为主 ,顶部附近则出现一些泥质灰岩、似瘤状泥灰岩层 ,产丰富的小嘴贝类、无洞贝类及弓石燕类等腕足动物 ,少量海绵 (?)及珊瑚等。佘田桥阶的顶界与弗拉斯阶的顶界一致 ,即以无洞贝类和大量四射珊瑚的绝灭为标志 ,而 Yannanellina腕足动物群的出现开始于锡矿山阶 (或法门阶 )。综合各类化石资料 ,佘田桥剖面的榴江组大致相当于牙形石 falsiovalis带— punctata带 ,蒸水河组相当于 L ower hassi带— L ower rhenana带 ,老江冲组相当于 U pper rhenana带— linguiform 相似文献
20.
文中描述了产自广西桂林地区下石炭统黄金组下部的颅形贝属一新种,桂林颅形贝(Cranaena guilinensis)。新种以平直的前结合缘和背壳上发育中槽为特征。在4枚标本上发现保存有放射状的彩色条带,表明该种当时生活在温暖海域的浅水环境。对该属70个种的地质地理分布和生物多样性变化的初步分析表明,该属可能起源于早泥盆世欧美大陆西北缘的老世界区,之后的地理分布和生物多样性发展以北美地区为中心,经历了中泥盆世—晚泥盆世早期和早石炭世2次比较明显的辐射演化、迁移扩散高峰和晚泥盆世晚期的1次严重衰退。第1次高峰是中泥盆世—晚泥盆世早期,该属的生物多样性达到巅峰,生物地理分布范围扩大到欧美大陆之外的西伯利亚板块、哈萨克斯坦板块和华南板块等;第2次高峰是早石炭世,该属的生物多样性虽不及前一次,但获得了最广泛的地理分布,不仅在北方大陆有分布,而且已进入到冈瓦纳大陆边缘。晚泥盆世晚期该属的1次严重衰退显然与F/F灭绝事件有关。早石炭世之后,该属进入衰退阶段,最终在二叠纪初灭绝。 相似文献