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1.
针对张力腿系泊浮式风力机的基础运动,忽略柔性构件的影响,建立气动—水动—系泊非线性耦合运动方程。在运动控制方程中包含张力腿系泊系统的非线性回复刚度,桨距角控制以及浮式基础运动对空气动力载荷的影响。在波浪载荷的计算中考虑二阶波浪载荷的作用。采用随机频率相位角调制法生成畸形波波面时历,计算在畸形波作用下张力腿型浮式风力机的动力响应特性。数值模拟结果表明,在畸形波作用下,浮式基础的运动及空气动力性能均受到了显著的影响。其中浮式基础的纵荡和纵摇运动分别受二阶差频与和频波浪力的影响,而垂荡运动的增加则主要是受下沉运动的影响。在畸形波经过的时刻,风力机的功率系数迅速下降,水平方向的风载荷波动先减小,随后其数值急剧下降,而垂直方向的风载荷波动增大。 相似文献
2.
张力腿平台内孤立波作用特性数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
依据三类内孤立波理论KdV、eK dV和MCC的适用性条件,采用Navier-Stokes方程为流场控制方程,以内孤立波诱导上下层深度平均水平速度作为入口边界条件,建立了两层流体中内孤立波对张力腿平台强非线性作用的数值模拟方法。结果表明,数值模拟所得内孤立波波形及其振幅与相应理论和实验结果一致,并且在内孤立波作用下张力腿平台水平力、垂向力及力矩数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合。研究同时表明,张力腿平台内孤立波载荷由波浪压差力、粘性压差力和摩擦力构成,其中摩擦力很小,可以忽略;水平力的主要成分为波浪压差力和粘性压差力,粘性压差力与波浪压差力相比较小却不可忽略,流体粘性的影响较小;垂向力中粘性压差力很小,流体粘性影响可以忽略。 相似文献
3.
张力腿平台(TLP)是一种垂直系泊的半顺应半刚度式平台,预报平台的运动响应及锚泊系统的张力是张力腿平台结构设计的重要基础。应用挪威船级社SESAM软件在频域和时域内研究了张力腿平台在随机波浪中的非线性运动响应及系泊系统特性,并在试验室中通过缩尺比为1∶40的模型进行了试验验证。在试验验证的基础上,将仅考虑浪与考虑浪、流联合作用下的张力腿的张力平均值、幅值及标准差作了对比。结果表明,在较低海况时,考虑浪和流时的张力腿与不考虑流的情况变化不大;在较大海况时,流的影响不可忽略,考虑流的张力腿变化幅度要略大于不考虑流的情况。 相似文献
4.
半潜平台的波浪爬升与气隙响应是设计过程中的重要考量因素。为探究随机波浪场中畸形波对半潜平台波浪爬升及气隙响应的影响,将含畸形波的随机波浪试验与一般随机波浪试验结果进行了对比研究分析。对模型试验测得的运动以及监测点处的波浪爬升及气隙进行频谱分析以及极值统计分析。研究发现,纵荡和纵摇的极大值主要受畸形波的影响而显著增大,纵荡、垂荡以及纵摇响应谱几乎不受单个畸形波影响;波浪爬升与气隙的极大值受到畸形波的影响而增大,同时,畸形波对气隙响应谱造成极大影响,增强了波浪爬升与气隙响应的非线性性。 相似文献
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极限波浪作用下半潜平台运动响应时域数值模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对一座工作水深为500 m的半潜式海洋平台,运用时域耦合分析方法,计算其在极限波浪作用下的运动响应。通过比较平台在两种不同形式极限波浪(即畸形波和"三姐妹"波)作用下的运动响应,分析两种不同形式的极限波浪对平台运动的影响。同时通过分析畸形波的参数对平台运动幅值的影响,确定平台运动响应对畸形波参数的敏感性。分析结果表明:极限波浪在聚焦点处波高最大,当平台恰好位于聚焦点时,对平台来说最危险;畸形波的波峰值是影响平台运动的最主要参数,在平台初期设计中要考虑工作海域中极限波浪可能达到的最大值;在波峰值相同的条件下,平台运动的最大值随着畸形波的谱峰周期和有义波高的增加而增加。 相似文献
6.
延展式张力腿平台是一种适用于深水油气开采的海洋平台结构。提出一种新型平台由四个立柱和一个环形浮箱连接而成,环形浮箱是由四个箱型梁焊接而成。根据给出的南海海域的海况条件和相应的规范计算结构的环境载荷,运用SESAM软件Deep C模块,考虑风、浪、流等环境荷载的作用和张力腿系统的非线性影响,进行了时域耦合分析,得到了平台的运动位移时程、张力腿系统张力时程和张力极值等。模拟波浪破碎作为冲击载荷,得到张力腿平台在冲击荷载作用下的运动位移时程、张力腿系统的张力时程。研究结果表明:该新型平台具有良好的运动响应,张力筋腱应力满足安全要求;在冲击载荷作用下新型平台的运动响应也满足要求。 相似文献
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畸形波作用下JIP Spar平台波浪力分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用时域高阶边界元法研究畸形波、系泊系统与浮式结构物耦合作用问题,运用四阶Runge-Kutta方法更新下一时间步的波面和速度势,采用非线性有限元法模拟系泊缆索的各种受力及缆索的弹性变形。以Longuet Hinggins模型为基础,调整组成波的初相位,在很短的波列中得到满足畸形波定义的波形。分析了聚焦位置、初始相位、谱峰周期、谱宽以及水流参数等对系泊JIP Spar平台缆绳力和波浪荷载的影响。将入射波浪的聚焦点分别设置在平台的迎浪侧和背浪侧,分析缆绳力和波浪荷载聚焦峰值,模拟结果发现其最大值产生在聚焦点为迎浪侧的情况。当聚焦点在迎浪侧时,缆绳力和波浪荷载聚焦峰值随着初相位的增加而减小,随着谱宽的增加而减小,而随着谱峰周期的增加而增加。 相似文献
8.
随机波浪下Truss Spar平台垂荡运动时域分析 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
研究Truss Spar平台在随机波浪下的垂荡运动特性。采用ITTC双参数谱,考虑绕射作用,数值计算了平台所受的随机波浪力。利用已有的水动力试验和数值模拟结果及Morison方程,估计了Truss Spar平台垂荡方向的附加质量和粘滞阻尼大小。考虑非线性阻尼和瞬时波面的影响,运用Runge-Kutta数值迭代算法,比较了不同随机波浪参数对平台运动响应的影响,特别是波浪特征周期接近垂荡固有周期时。结果表明,当波浪特征周期接近平台垂荡固有周期时,平台产生大幅垂荡运动,频域的运动分析结果比时域结果偏小。 相似文献
9.
为分析碟形越浪式波能发电装置初步设计方案的合理性和不足,应用三维势流理论和波浪的辐射-衍射理论,结合水动力分析软件AQWA,计算在规则波浪作用下装置浮体6个自由度上运动的响应幅值算子(RAOs),考虑不规则波浪、风、流载荷的共同作用,对装置在工作海况和恶劣海况下的运动响应进行数值模拟分析,得到其时间历程结果。结果表明:装置结构外形设计合理,装置在其锚链张力腿锚泊系统定位下,运动响应满足工作稳定性要求和安全性要求。 相似文献
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针对目前小油田早期生产中存在的不足,提出一种适用于浅水海域的新型张力腿式储油处理平台,该平台主要由储油箱、浮箱、吸力桩、系泊链和甲板结构构成,具备原油处理和储存功能。应用非线性时域耦合分析法,研究了有义波高、平均波周期、水深对该平台的运动响应和系泊链张力的影响。计算结果表明,波高对平台动力响应有较大影响,有义波高每增加0.4 m,平台水平位移相应增加0.408 m,而系泊链力随有义波高的增加呈准线性增大;波周期对平台水平运动影响显著,平均波周期从6.5 s逐级变化至8.5 s时,最大水平位移自3.760 m渐增至5.467 m,而波周期对系泊链力影响较小,变化率一般小于10%;该新型平台对水深大于20 m的浅水海域有良好的动力特性,而对水深小于20 m的海域却表现异常。因此,该新型张力腿式平台能满足水深不小于20 m浅海区的油田早期生产需要。 相似文献
11.
Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
13.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
14.
Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
15.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献