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中国西南地区中三叠世雷口坡组或关岭组下部及底部普遍发育多层凝灰岩。已有研究显示,早三叠世—中三叠世出现了生态环境间歇性恶化和生物迟滞复苏,划分中国中三叠统安尼阶-拉丁阶界线的标志化石还未寻找到,这些问题是否与火山活动有关,值得进一步研究。文章对四川沐川地区河口剖面中三叠统雷口坡组下部的凝灰岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学研究,获得中三叠统安尼阶-拉丁阶界线年龄为（242.5±1.2） Ma（MSWD=0.93,n=22）,此年龄结果与国际地层年代表（2020版）建议的安尼阶-拉丁阶界线年龄（242 Ma）较为吻合,证实沐川地区雷口坡组沉积时代为中三叠世安尼期和拉丁期。凝灰岩岩石地球化学特征显示出明显富K2O、MgO,明显负铕异常的特征,其物源可能来自古特提斯洋俯冲作用形成的大陆岩浆弧。多期次的火山活动可能是导致早三叠世—中三叠世生态环境间歇性恶化和生物迟滞复苏的重要原因,安尼期-拉丁期交替时期发生的火山活动可能影响了生物的演化,故难以寻找到划分中国中三叠统安尼阶-拉丁阶界线的标志化石,加强对中三叠世火山活动的研究,对中国三叠系划分方案、中三叠世地层划分对比及探索三叠纪生物演化与复苏具有重要意义。 相似文献
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本文选取了产自贵州兴义富含海生爬行动物及鱼类化石的法郎组竹杆坡段上部凝灰岩夹层中的锆石,进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学测定。测得兴义动物群化石赋存层位年龄为240.8±1.8 Ma,化石赋存层位之上21 m处年龄为239.8±1.7 Ma。该年龄数据进一步验证了兴义动物群的时代为中三叠世拉丁期,而非晚三叠世卡尼期,这一结论可与此前菊石生物地层研究、碳同位素分析的结果相印证。结合兴义动物群中生物组合面貌的变化,推测三叠纪生态系统可能在拉丁期就已开始由辐射发展阶段转变为完全复苏阶段。 相似文献
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在西藏措勤断块新建了中三叠统—上三叠统卡尼阶岩石地层单位——嘎热扎地组。在建组剖面上,嘎热扎地组厚约485 m,下部岩性以碎屑岩为主上部岩性为碎屑岩夹灰岩。嘎热扎地组与下伏上二叠统—下三叠统木纠错组、上覆上三叠统诺利阶麦龙岗组均为整合接触关系。该组尚未发现指示地层时代的化石,但前人在其下伏的木纠错组中发现了早三叠世牙形石本次在其上覆的麦龙岗组发现7属8种珊瑚化石:Distichophyllia norica(Frech),Retiophyllia?sp.,Cablonzeria?sp.Elysastraea juliana Turnsek,Volzeiasublaevis (Munster),Distuhophyllia sp.,Guembelastraea?sp.和Benedcastraea baiyuensis Deng&Zhang。根据该组地层整合于两者之间,将其时代暂时限定为中—晚三叠世卡尼期。根据珊瑚化石、地层岩性特征及上下地层关系将研究剖面的地层进行了重新划分。嘎热扎地组的建立填补了措勤断块局限台地相三叠系序列中三叠统—上三叠统卡尼阶岩石地层单位名称的空白。嘎热扎地组建立以后,措勤断块局限台地相三叠系的岩石地层单位序列可以划分为上二叠统—下三叠统木纠错组,中三叠统—上三叠统卡尼阶嘎热扎地组,上三叠统诺利阶麦龙岗组,上三叠统瑞替阶—下侏罗统确哈拉组。这一序列的建立对于在措勤断块进一步识别出碳酸盐岩局限台地相三叠系,修订相关地区的地层认识具有指导作用。 相似文献
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桂西南那坡盆地位于八布-Song Hien构造带,发育早-中三叠世岩浆岩和巨厚海相碎屑岩系,是研究华南地块南缘古特提斯造山过程的关键地区。本文对那坡盆地中三叠统河口组中-上部的两套沉凝灰岩开展了详细的岩石学、地球化学和锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素分析研究。两件沉凝灰岩样品LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为240.6±1.0Ma和236.3±0.8Ma,指示河口组碎屑岩沉积时代为中三叠世拉丁期,部分为晚三叠世卡尼期早期。全岩地球化学结果显示,该沉凝灰岩属于亚碱性英安质,富集轻稀土(LREEs)和大离子亲石元素(LILEs)、Rb、Th和U,亏损高场强元素(HFSEs),具有显著的Nb、Ta和Ti负异常。沉凝灰岩锆石具有较低的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-18.6~-6.3)和较老的地壳模式年龄(t_(DM)^(C)=1664~2434Ma),结合锆石微量元素特征认为其形成于俯冲环境。整体上,那坡盆地河口组沉凝灰岩表现出俯冲作用形成的岛弧火山岩地球化学特征,推断其来源于桂西南凭祥地区的中-晚三叠世酸性火山岩。结合已有区域地质调查成果,认为华南地块南缘八布-Cao Bang古特提斯分支洋盆于晚二叠世至晚三叠世早期向北俯冲,随后自西向东呈“剪刀”式逐渐闭合。华南地块与北越地块完全碰撞拼合的时间发生在晚三叠世中晚期。 相似文献
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苏南地区三叠纪地层格架 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据关键界面识别,苏南地区三叠纪地层可划分为3个层序。时限分别为早三叠世印度期、早三叠世奥伦期—中三叠世安尼期、中三叠世拉丁期—晚三叠世卡尼期。岩相和地层结构分析表明,本区存在碳酸盐缓坡沉积、镶边碳酸盐台地沉积、碳酸盐潮坪—泻湖沉积、陆缘近海湖泊沉积、湖泊—沼泽沉积等5个沉积体系。经历了3次海平面升降 相似文献
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华南地区三叠系地层发育,安尼阶底界（即下—中三叠统界线）附近广泛发育浅绿色火山凝灰岩或凝灰质碎屑岩,俗称 “绿豆岩”。国际安尼阶底界界线层型候选剖面——位于南盘江盆地内的贵州关刀剖面和广西湾头剖面,已获得可对比的“绿豆岩”锆石U-Pb年龄,但在相邻的上扬子台地上尚缺少对安尼阶底界测年的可对比数据。笔者采集了贵州省盘州市新民镇石门坎剖面三叠系关岭组底部的多层“绿豆岩”,利用LA-ICP-MS获得锆石的U-Pb年龄。结果显示,石门坎剖面关岭组底部的锆石结晶年龄为246. 9±1. 1 Ma,可与南盘江盆地内及上扬子台地区出露安尼阶底界的剖面相对比。其绝对年龄为上扬子台地区内的安尼阶底界年龄对比提供了参照,有助于限定中三叠世海生爬行动物群所代表的海洋生态系统的复苏时间。石门坎剖面地层沉积连续,未来有望继续开展综合地层学的研究。 相似文献
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华南地区三叠系地层发育,安尼阶底界（即下—中三叠统界线）附近广泛发育浅绿色火山凝灰岩或凝灰质碎屑岩,俗称 “绿豆岩”。国际安尼阶底界界线层型候选剖面——位于南盘江盆地内的贵州关刀剖面和广西湾头剖面,已获得可对比的“绿豆岩”锆石U-Pb年龄,但在相邻的上扬子台地上尚缺少对安尼阶底界测年的可对比数据。本研究采集了贵州省盘州市新民镇石门坎剖面三叠系关岭组底部的多层“绿豆岩”,利用LA-ICP-MS获得锆石的U-Pb年龄。结果显示,石门坎剖面关岭组底部的锆石结晶年龄为246.9±1.1 Ma,可与南盘江盆地内及上扬子台地区出露安尼阶底界的剖面相对比。其绝对年龄为上扬子台地区内的安尼阶底界年龄对比提供了参照,有助于限定中三叠世海生爬行动物群所代表的海洋生态系统的复苏时间。石门坎剖面地层沉积连续,未来有望继续开展综合地层学的研究。 相似文献
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南盘江盆地西南缘麻栗坡八布地区碎屑岩时代的厘定及其构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南盘江盆地处于特提斯构造域和滨太平洋构造域的交汇部位。盆地西南缘的麻栗坡八布地区发育一套巨厚碎屑岩,因与八布蛇绿岩直接接触而意义重大,但目前还没有准确的同位素年代学依据,属性还存在争议。本文首次报道了碎屑岩上段中沉凝灰岩夹层的锆石LA- ICP- MS U- Pb年龄,结果为226±1Ma (n=17,MSWD=1.1)。结合古生物和接触关系,证实这套碎屑岩是中—上三叠统安尼阶到卡尼阶的板纳组—兰木组—平寨组。首次从上部层位厘定出一套滨岸- 潮坪相石英质细砾岩、石英砂岩、细砂岩沉积,发育平行层理、浪成交错层理、透镜状层理、干涉波痕等。从中三叠世的巨厚海相陆源碎屑浊流沉积到晚三叠世卡尼末期滨岸- 潮坪相沉积的演化,代表了南盘江前陆盆地中—晚三叠世的充填序列,卡尼阶平寨组与拉丁阶个旧组的平行不整合代表了印支运动第II幕。 相似文献
9.
扬子克拉通保存的独特拉伸纪晚期碎屑岩建造为研究新元古代中期演化提供了绝佳素材,内部丰富的凝灰岩夹层和同位素年龄也为扬子克拉通新元古代中期演化提供有效的年代学约束。然而扬子克拉通拉伸系莲沱组内部演化缺少年代学约束,制约了拉伸纪晚期扬子克拉通的沉积演化研究。本研究通过野外地质调查,采用LA-ICP-MS技术获取莲沱组底界(神农架)凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为763.1±6.2 Ma,莲沱组下部陆相地层中获得(鹤峰)的凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄761.8±7.1 Ma,莲沱组中下部海陆过渡段获得通山(764.1±3.5 Ma)、长阳(751.5±6.3 Ma)、神农架(752.1±6.5 Ma)三组凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄。莲沱组顶部海相地层获得729.6±9.2 Ma(皖南休宁组)、722.4±4.5 Ma(神农架)凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄,以及城口龙潭河组凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄(712.4±6.4 Ma)。这些凝灰岩锆石年龄数据和地层序列表明：820～770 Ma扬子克拉通普遍处于暴露剥蚀环境,770～750 Ma开始沉积陆相-海陆过渡相莲沱组,750 Ma之后扬子克拉通过渡到海... 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
17.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献