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1.
徐淮地区早白垩世adakitic岩石的年代学和Pb同位素组成:对岩浆源区与华北克拉通东部构造深化的制约 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
本文报道了徐淮地区5个早白垩世adakitic岩体全岩的Pb同位素组成和其中3个岩体的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果,并讨论了岩浆源区的性质和华北克拉通东部中生代早期的构造演化.结果表明,班井、丰山和蔡山岩体形成于早白垩世,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为127±1Ma、129±2Ma和131±1Ma.利国、班井、夹沟、丰山和蔡山岩体的全岩(206Pb/024Pb)t、(207Ph/204Pb)t和(208Pb/204Pb)t初始比值分别变化于17.957～18.620、15.508～15.655和38.129～38.710之间.综合早白垩世adakitic岩石高的放射成因Pb同位素组成以及继承锆石年代学和其中榴辉岩类捕虏体锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学的研究成果,可以认为华北克拉通东部徐淮地区早白垩世adakitic岩石的岩浆源区以断离的扬子克拉通俯冲板片(基底物质)为主,并有拆沉的华北克拉通基底物质的参与.这与扬子克拉通沿北西方向俯冲于华北克拉通之下的构造模式相吻合. 相似文献
2.
对洞错地区早白垩世多尼组砂岩的碎屑锆石进行了U-Pb测年研究。结果表明,锆石颗粒粒径为50～180μm,Th/U值大,约51颗锆石的比值大于0.4,平均值约为0.64,说明锆石大部分为岩浆成因,部分可能为变质成因;锆石年龄主要分布在7个区间范围(或峰值):3261Ma、2739～2335Ma、1880～1750Ma、1006～657Ma、577～510Ma、456～409Ma和252～202Ma。3261Ma的最老碎屑锆石颗粒说明,其物源区存在古太古代古老地壳的残留。锆石U-Pb年龄谱对应羌塘地块经历的几次构造热事件,验证了洞错地区早白垩世沉积物的物源可能来自北部的南羌塘地块。 相似文献
3.
鲁西早白垩世岩石圈地幔的属性:大昆仑辉长岩和辉绿岩年代学、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素制约 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
大昆仑辉长岩和辉绿岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、锆石Hf同位素和全岩地球化学及全岩Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的研究为探讨鲁西地区早白垩世岩石圈地幔的属性提供了制约。结果表明,大昆仑辉长岩中少量锆石和辉绿岩中锆石发育条痕状吸收,具有相对高的Th/U比值(0.11~3.12),暗示它们均为岩浆成因,辉长岩中多数为岩浆成因的捕获锆石。辉长岩和辉绿岩中岩浆锆石的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄分别为132±3Ma和112±1Ma;辉长岩中捕获锆石的谐和年龄主要介于2469~1752Ma之间,暗示古老地壳物质的存在。辉长岩和辉绿岩整体具有低Si O_2(49.08%~52.61%)、高MgO(4.52%~9.67%)、Na_2O含量(2.58%~3.49%)以及高Mg~#值(45~65)特征;富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Th)、贫重稀土元素和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf),其(La/Yb)_N=8.98~10.2,Eu负异常不明显(δEu=0.83~0.93)。辉长岩的初始~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr比值变化于0.7046~0.7060之间,ε_(Nd)(t)值介于-16.71~-15.54之间,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb和~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb初始比值分别为16.596~16.776、15.255~15.290和36.328~36.648。辉绿岩中岩浆锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)值介于-12.0~-2.5之间。上述结果表明,大昆仑辉长岩和辉绿岩形成于早白垩世,与华北克拉通东部早白垩世岩石圈减薄的峰期时间一致;起源于受华北克拉通古老下地壳物质改造的富集岩石圈地幔的部分熔融,形成于岩石圈减薄的伸展构造背景。 相似文献
4.
列麦白云母花岗岩位于特提斯喜马拉雅东段,侵位于雅拉香波穹窿边部早古生代浅变质岩中。为揭示其形成时代及成因,本文对其开展LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素及岩石地球化学研究。结果表明列麦白云母花岗岩具有高SiO_2(71.08%～71.49%)、Al_2O_3(15.55%～15.72%)和K_2O(4.32%～4.57%),高的A/CNK比值(1.17～1.21),低的CaO/Na_2O比值(0.22～0.28),属于高钾钙碱性过铝质花岗岩;富集Rb、Th和Hf,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr和Ti,稀土元素呈轻稀土(LREE)富集,重稀土(HREE)相对亏损的向右倾斜的配分模式(LREE/HREE=16.57～17.91),具有弱负Eu异常(δEu=0.78～0.79)。与二云母花岗岩比较,列麦白云母花岗岩具有较高的Rb含量(204.1×10~(-6)～293.8×10~(-6))、较低的Sr(134.6×10~(-6))及显著的重稀土分馏效应。锆石新生边年龄为48.5±1.1 Ma(MSWD=2.1),代表其结晶年龄,该年龄为目前报道的最早年龄,其初始Hf同位素组成ε_(Hf)(t)=-6.4～-2.3,显示物源为壳源性质,二阶段模式年龄介于731～839 Ma之间,表明成岩物质形成于新元古代;核部继承锆石年龄变化在135.7～3339.2 Ma之间,表明其源岩为早白垩世沉积岩,是在印度与欧亚大陆主碰撞阶段,陆-陆碰撞导致地壳缩短加压升温,引起早白垩世沉积岩部分熔融而形成的。 相似文献
5.
山西临县紫金山碱性杂岩内二长岩锆石U-Pb年代学及其意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
山西临县紫金山杂岩主要由深成相岩瘤、浅成相岩墙和岩基、喷出相熔岩和火山角砾岩等岩石单元组成。对该杂岩体内的浅成相次透辉二长岩、霞辉正长岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS原位U-Pb同位素测年。结果显示,次透辉二长岩锆石边部U-Pb年龄加权平均值为(136.7±6.5)Ma,Th/U比值0.781～2.559,明显呈三段性,表明岩浆同化混染过程中岩浆成分变化的岩浆混合过程信息;锆石核部U-Pb年龄加权平均值为(1937±37)Ma,Th/U比值为0.339～0.669,显示岩浆成因特征;(霓)霞(次透)辉正长岩的锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为(137±2.7)Ma,Th/U比值1.484～5.0,反映岩浆富Th且与二长岩互补的特征,揭示出这2期岩浆之间存在有限混合现象。2个样品年龄均显示紫金山碱性杂岩体最早的二长岩与霞辉正长岩浆活动在早白垩世。二长岩的2个孤点年龄(222±4)Ma和(323±3)Ma可能代表了霓霞钛辉岩、正霞正长岩及白霞正长岩包体岩石岩浆底侵的年龄。 相似文献
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锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果显示,吉林南部地区三棵榆树组粗面岩形成于118 Ma的早白垩世晚期。岩石地球化学研究表明,三棵榆树组粗面岩的SiO2含量为65.11%～65.61%,富碱(K2O=6.29%～7.28%,Na2O=3.71%～4.21%),属于钾玄岩系列,弱过铝质(A/CNK=1.05～1.12),含镁指数Mg#=9～16;稀土元素总量较高(∑REE=317.72×10-6～371.30×10-6),轻重稀土分馏明显(LaN/YbN=19.50～22.80),Eu负异常较弱(δEu=0.75～0.81);微量元素富集Rb、Th、Zr、K,明显亏损Nb、Ta和Sr等,显示典型的大陆地壳特征。锆石的176Hf/177Hf比值介于0.282 206～0.282 309之间,εHf(t)值介于-13.32～-16.97之间,Hf模式年龄(TDM2)介于2.0～2.6 Ga之间,平均为2.2 Ga。上述特征表明,吉林南部地区早白垩世粗面岩主要来源于古元古代地壳物质的部分熔融,形成于伸展构造环境。 相似文献
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在野外地质调查工作的基础上,对日土县—拉梅拉山口一带的日松花岗岩体开展了详细的岩相学、岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb测年和Hf同位素分析。岩石地球化学数据表明,日松花岗岩体属钙碱性岩类型,绝大多数样品含透辉石标准分子。富集Rb、Pb、Th等而亏损K、Ba等大离子亲石元素,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti等明显亏损。稀土元素呈现出右倾缓倾斜型的特征,且存在较为明显的负Eu异常。与前人研究确定岩体的时代为晚白垩世—始新世不同,本文认为岩体的侵位时代主要为白垩纪,可分为早白垩世、晚白垩世两期。获得二长花岗岩样品(D1045-2)的LA-ICP MS锆石U-Pb年龄为108.4±2.1Ma(MSWD=2.4,n=18),结合锆石稀土元素特征、岩浆振荡环带特征(CL图像)及锆石Th/U比值,上述年龄可以代表岩体的形成年龄(早白垩世)。锆石Hf同位素特征显示,二长花岗岩样品(D1045-2)的εHf(t)为正值,介于1.49~3.86间(平均值为2.50);而石英闪长岩样品(D1045)的εHf(t)多数为负值,介于-2.09至0.15之间(平均值为-0.69)。Hf同位素地壳模式年龄分别在763.0~884.5Ma(D1045-2)、959.1~1073.5Ma(D1045)之间。两件样品的εHf(t)和Hf同位素地壳模式年龄均具有较小的变化范围,暗示岩体的岩浆物质来源应该具有较为均一的锆石Hf同位素组成。日松地区早白垩世花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征,基本反映了北冈底斯早白垩世的岩浆活动时间和源区等特征,其成因可能与班公湖-怒江特提斯洋岩石圈向南俯冲过程中幔源物质参与岩浆形成演化有关。本文研究成果,为研究班公湖-怒江结合带构造演化提供了新的资料证据。 相似文献
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华北地块中部早白垩世富碱侵入岩的成因:锆石U-Pb年代学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素制约 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2
本文对华北地块中部早白垩世富碱侵入岩:山西的二峰山霓辉二长岩、塔儿山二长闪长斑岩、狐偃山石英二长岩、万荣石英二长闪长岩和河南的黄龙垴霓辉正长岩、水冶霓霞正长岩、东冶角闪闪长岩进行了岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素分析以及4个侵入岩中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素的测试。结果表明,二峰山、狐偃山、万荣和黄龙垴侵入岩中锆石有两种,多数为自形-半自形晶、内部结构均匀、发育震荡环带和条纹状吸收以及具有相对高Th/U比值(0.13~4.40)的岩浆锆石,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为130±1Ma、130±3Ma、127±1Ma和127±2Ma,即富碱侵入岩形成于早白垩世;少量为继承锆石,发育核-边结构,核部呈浑圆状和弱的震荡环带,给出了三叠纪(207~226Ma)和古元古代-新太古代(1791Ma、1979Ma、2088Ma、2370Ma和2559Ma)的年龄;岩石的SiO 2=55.33%~65.00%、MgO=0.21%~7.66%、Mg#=19~62、(Na2O+K2O)=5.89%~14.38%,属于弱碱性-过碱性岩石;富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Sr)和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti)和重稀土元素,具有明显的Pb正异常和弱的Eu异常;其87Sr/86Sr初始值多数介于0.7049~0.7062之间,εNd(t)值变化于-20.1~-13.3之间,岩浆锆石的Hf同位素组成为εHf(t)=-28.9~-17.4。上述结果结合符山高镁闪长岩及其中地幔橄榄岩包体的研究暗示,华北地块中部早白垩世富碱侵入岩起源于受拆沉陆壳物质熔融的熔体改造的富集岩石圈地幔物质的部分熔融,其形成于古太平洋板块西向俯冲动力学背景下的岩石圈伸展环境。 相似文献
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对延边地区新田石英闪长岩进行锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学分析。获得石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为139±2 Ma,属早白垩世。岩石地球化学特征表现为过铝质高钾钙碱性;稀土元素总量较低,轻稀土元素相对富集、轻重稀土分馏较明显,较弱的负Eu异常,大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Sr)与活泼的不相容元素(U、Th)富集,高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P、Zr、Hf、Ti)亏损,微量元素比值总体接近地壳平均值,反映岩浆源区为下地壳。结合地球化学特征与区域构造演化背景,认为新田地区石英闪长岩岩体形成于与太平洋板块俯冲相关的活动大陆边缘环境。早白垩世早期是区内一个较重要的俯冲阶段,中酸性岩浆侵位活动较为发育。 相似文献
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闽西南虎岗地区晚中生代花岗岩LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取福建虎岗地区灌洋和增坑二个岩体进行LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年.增坑细粒二长花岗岩岩体单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为145.4±18.2～151.4±7.9 Ma,加权平均值为147.98±0.86 Ma(可信度95%,MSWD=0.62).灌洋中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩岩体单颗粒锆石年龄为141.2±4.1 ～ 145.5±1.9Ma,加权平均值为143.0±1.1Ma(可信度95%,MSWD=0.41).二岩体形成于挤压碰撞的构造环境,微量元素含量表明,岩浆分异作用较强,酸性程度较高,n(A12O3) ＞n(CaO) +n(Na2O) +n(K2O),且有较高的Rb/Sr和Rb/Nb比值,低含量的Ni、Cr含量和右倾型的稀土元素模式,表明岩体岩浆起源于大陆地壳中沉积的源岩,属于铝过饱和S型花岗岩.增坑和灌洋岩体形成年代都为晚侏罗世(燕山中晚期),且为铁铜多金属矿成矿提供了物质基础. 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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16.
摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
17.
位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
18.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
19.
The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
20.
Michel Westphal Mikhail L. Bazhenov Jean Paul Lauer Diamar M. Pechersky Jean-Claude Sibuet 《Tectonophysics》1986,123(1-4)
We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies. 相似文献