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虾头透明质酸酶的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以中国对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ虾头经处理，得到虾头透明质酸酶酶液，再经沉淀、硫酸铵反抽提、ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素提取和Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ－Ｇ－７５凝胶层析。纯化倍数达７２０倍，比活８４０ｕ．ｍｇ＾－１蛋白。该酶最适ＰＨ为４．５，最适温度为５０℃。 相似文献
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温度、pH对日本沼虾血清酚氧化酶活力及稳定性的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
以日本沼虾（Macrobrachium mipponense)为材料，研究温度，pH对其血清酚氧化酶活力及稳定性的影响。试验以L－多巴为作用底物，测得酚氧化酶的最适温度为40℃，大于或低于该值，酶活力均迅速下降，同时该酶在40℃以下表现出较高的热稳定性；该酶的最适pH值为7．0；在pH6－8范围内具有较高的活性，最稳定的pH为8．0。 相似文献
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用化学修饰剂ｐＣＭＢ、ＮＢＳ、Ｋ试剂修饰长毛对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓ ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌａｔｕｓ Ａｌｃｏｃｋ酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣＰａｓｅ，ＥＣ３．１．３．２），在修饰剂作用下，酶活力明显下降，健康虾酶对修饰剂的敏感性（ＮＢＳ除外）大都在于病虾酶。修饰酶的紫外２８０ｎｍ吸收光谱以及荧光３４０ｎｍ发射光谱的变化，表明酶活力下降的同时酶构象也产生相应的变化。结果表明，酶分子的半胱氨酸残基、色氨酸残基以及门冬氨酸、 相似文献
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实验比较新型虾保鲜剂（ＰＰＲ—１）及其它类型的虾保鲜剂如亚硫酸氢钠（ＳＢＳ）、植酸（ＰＡ）及日本虾保鲜剂（ＪＰＲ）对中国对虾ＰｅｎａｅｕｓＣｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ的保鲜作用。实验指出：（１）在冷藏（４℃）与冷冻（－１８℃）保藏条件下，ＰＰＲ—１及ＪＰＲ对中国对虾的保鲜效果均优于ＰＡ和ＳＢＳ；（２）在冷藏（４℃）或冷冻（－１８℃）条件下，去头保鲜效果均优于带头保鲜效果。 相似文献
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分析小冰麦异附加系列Ⅰ（ＴＡＩ系列Ⅰ）的叶片酯酶（ＥＳＴＬ）、胚乳酯酶（ＥＳＴＥ）和胚芽鞘酯酶（ＥＳＴＣ）的酶谱表型，根据同工酶结构基因Ｅｓｔｃ－Ａｇ１和Ｅｓｔｌ－Ａｇ２在异附加系ＴＡＩ－１２，基因Ｅｓｔｅ－Ａｇ４在ＴＡＩ－１５中冰草染色体上的定位，推知ＴＡＩ－１２和ＴＡＩ－１５中的冰草染色体分别属于第３和６同祖群。由于此二冰草染色体上还分别存在与小麦第６和３同祖群染色体部分同源的基因；因而认为这两条冰草染色体间发生了相互易位。 相似文献
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对红虾虾头和虾肉中的脂肪进行了提取和测定。脂肪甲酯化后,采用５０ｍ×０．３５ｍｍｉ．ｄ．ＰＥＧ－２０Ｍ玻璃毛细管柱,ＦＩＤ检测器,并结合ＧＣＬＭＳ进行了脂肪酸分析。结果表明,虾头中脂肪含量达１０．８×１０－２,其不饱和脂肪酸６８．８×１０－２,ＥＰＡ＋ＤＨＡ占２４．１×１０－２;虾肉中脂肪仅为３．９×１０－２,其不饱和脂肪酸６９．８×１０－２,ＥＰＡ＋ＤＨＡ为２７．３×１０－２。 相似文献
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中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)精子ATP酶活力与生殖关系的探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
首次报道了中国对虾精子存在有Ｎａ，Ｋ－ＡＴＰ酶及Ｍｇ－ＡＴＰ酶活力，并对 其生物功能进行了探讨。对来自不同季节的雌虾纳精囊中精子的两种ＡＴＰ酶活力 进行了测定。酶分析的结果为春虾精子的 Ｎａ，Ｋ－ＡＴＰ酶活力为 １．１４５±０．２２９μｍｏｌ Ｐｉ／ｍｇ· ｈ，秋虾则为 １． ０５８±０． ４３１μｍｏｌ Ｐｉ／ｍｇ· ｈ；春虾精子的 Ｍｇ－ＡＴＰ酶活力为 １． ６４７±０． ６９１μｍｏｌ Ｐｉ／ｍｍ· ｈ，秋虾则为 １． ５８４±０． ３１５μｍｏｌ Ｐｉ／ｍｇ· ｈ。因此在表观 上，春虾精子的两种ＡＴＰ酶活力均略高于秋虾，但差异不够显著。 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(8):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Nabil Sultan Pierre Cochonat Jean Fran ois Bourillet Florence Cayocca 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(2):107-133
This article presents a methodology developed to evaluate the instability of submarine slopes that extend over a large area. Special attention was paid to (1) the complex geometry (bathymetry) and the expanse of the slope, (2) the heterogeneity of the sediment, and (3) the distribution of the pore pressure. The safety factor was considered as a spatially varying quantity. The General Formulation (GLE, Fredlund and Krahn 1977), which fully satisfies equilibrium conditions, was used for evaluating the stability of the marine slope. The submarine slope failure, which occurred on 16 October 1979 during the construction of the new Nice airport, was studied in order to test the developed model. Geotechnical parameters were taken from experimental tests carried out by IFREMER on 19 cores extracted at different depths (from 27 m to 1300 m) (Cochonat, Bourillet, and Savoye, 1993; Mulder et al., 1994). Many scenarios were proposed in order to explain the cause of the Nice slope failure (Habib, 1994). In this article, two of those scenarios were tested. Simulation results are presented and discussed. 相似文献