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骊山山前断裂华清池以西段晚更新世以来的活动性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
骊山山前断裂位于骊山北侧,其华清池以西段向渭河盆地延伸,该断裂的几何展布和活动习性是准确认识渭河盆地东部区域地震构造及地震安全性评价的重要依据。跨断裂推测位置布设高密度电法、人工浅层地震及联合钻孔剖面并通过探槽开挖等多种手段进行探测,所得结果显示,华清池以西段的走向由其西段的近EW向变为N60°W,断裂由2支次级正断层构成,倾向NE,倾角约75°。其中,南支次级断层自晚更新世以来没有明显的活动证据,北支次级断层最新活动时代为全新世。人工浅层地震探测揭示断裂附近的地层产状整体倾向S,推测与骊山断块自新生代以来向S掀斜运动有关;联合钻探剖面揭示北支断层自中更新世晚期以来古土壤层S_2断错位移量约10m;晚更新世早期以来古土壤层S_1垂直错距最大约7. 8m。探槽剖面揭示西延段断裂自马兰黄土沉积((32 170±530) Cal a BP)以来至少发生过3次古地震事件,并造成马兰黄土最大总错距约3. 0m。其中,断裂最新一次活动使全新世早期的黄土层L_0((8 630±20) Cal a BP)产生了约0. 9m的垂直错距,并在全新统黑垆土地层S_0((4 390±20) Cal a BP)中形成了明显的张裂缝。最终分析得到骊山山前断裂西延段全新世((8 630±20) Cal a BP)以来的垂直活动速率为0. 11～0. 19mm/a,推测单次事件产生的垂直位错量约0. 9m。 相似文献
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秦岭北缘断裂带是渭河盆地南缘重要的活动构造，含有多条分支断层，其中近EW向的桃川-户县断层位于该断裂带的北侧，其东段隐伏于渭河盆地内。已有研究对该断层隐伏段的中段开展了浅层人工地震勘探，并推断其为正断兼走滑运动性质的晚更新世活动断层，但未能确定断层最晚活动的年代与活动速率。文中通过开展新的浅层地震勘探和钻孔联合剖面探测，进一步研究了桃川-户县断层西段(太白盆地段)与东段(渭河盆地隐伏段)的浅部结构构造和几何展布、第四纪活动的最晚时代及活动速率。探测剖面揭示出桃川-户县断层的西段可向W延伸至少20km至太白盆地，而东段自眉县起延入渭河盆地，经周至、户县，隐伏于渭河盆地第四系中。断层西段在太白盆地断错早第四系及下伏结晶基底，控制了太白盆地南缘，其N倾的正断作用断错第四系约300m,断层带内保留老的逆冲构造残余。断层东段(渭河盆地隐伏段)在周至和户县附近的主断面倾向N,断层带分别表现为宽约6km的断陷带和宽约4km的阶梯状构造带，断错了上更新统顶界；在渭河盆地南缘，断层断错全新统标志层黑垆土S0,垂直断距为4～5m,对应的全新世活动速率为0.4～1.3mm/a。综合浅层... 相似文献
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基于2009—2014年渭河盆地及邻区GPS资料,利用Shen提出的连续形变场与应变场计算方法,获得渭河盆地及邻区的水平形变场及应变率场,结合构造地质、地震目录等资料对渭河盆地及邻区的现今地壳形变及构造特征进行研究,并得到如下结论:(1)鄂尔多斯地块南缘西段和东段GPS形变场变化差异明显,六盘山—陇县—宝鸡断裂带形变场以挤压变形为主,渭河盆地中部西安—咸阳地区的形变场呈现EW向挤压、SN向拉张特征;(2)主应变率、剪应变率、面应变率变化明显的区域位于鄂尔多斯地块西南缘的六盘山—陇县—宝鸡断裂带、渭河盆地中部的长安—临潼断裂与渭南塬前断裂以及韩城断裂与双泉—临猗断裂附近;(3)未来需要警惕六盘山—陇县—宝鸡断裂带、长安—临潼断裂与渭南塬前断裂以及韩城断裂与双泉—临猗断裂附近的地震危险性。 相似文献
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渭河盆地新生代以来断裂活动和沉积作用强烈,隐伏活动断裂发育,近EW向的桃川-户县断裂是其中之一.探明桃川-户县断裂在渭河盆地中的展布位置、结构特征以及晚第四纪活动性,对于当地的地震构造及强震危险研究具有重要意义.为此,文中依托"兴平活断层项目"布设了7条浅层地震测线,基于探测结果并结合已有的浅层和中深层地震剖面确定了桃川-户县断裂及其次级断裂在渭河盆地内的存在与隐伏位置.结果显示,桃川-户县断裂(F8)西与太白盆地南缘断裂相连,自周至县汤峪镇穿出秦岭北缘进入渭河盆地后隐伏于地表松散层之下;先呈NE走向斜穿周至县城,向E逐渐转向近EW走向,在周至和户县之间呈现局部朝N凸出的弧形展布,再向E至户县引镇附近与铁炉子断裂相接.另在周至北和户县北之间存在与F8断裂大致平行展布的反向次级断裂(DF3).文中还揭示出在渭河盆地中段,秦岭北缘断裂、渭河断裂和桃川-户县断裂连同它们的分支断裂一起构成了1个大型的负花状结构断裂带;其中F8和DF3断裂及其次级断裂组成1个次级的负花状构造带.结合相关的钻孔剖面等信息的分析表明,在研究区内,以F8断裂为主断裂的构造带自晚更新世以来是活动的,属于活动断裂.文中最后讨论了渭河盆地内的断裂带表现出负花状而非阶梯状结构的可能原因. 相似文献
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通过大比例尺活动断裂地质填图，查明了宝鸡高家村──高店断裂的几何展市及内部结构特征。在多处发现断层露头剖面，断层错断了晚更新世和全新世沉积物，反映出断层具有很新的活动性。 相似文献
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渭河盆地前新生界分布的物探特征及油气成藏条件分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
渭河盆地是新生代断陷盆地,由地质露头剖面及钻井揭示,盆地基底为太古界及元古界深变质岩系;沉积盖层以新生界为主,局部钻遇古生界地层,沉积岩最厚超过7000 m.以往油气勘探程度较低,以新生界新近系和古近系为目的层,但未获重大发现;对古生界分布及油气成藏条件的研究尤为薄弱,因而制约了渭河盆地的油气勘探.依据区域重力、航磁资料,结合近年完成的电法及地震勘探成果,划分出盆地内前新生界分布区域,初步确定在宝鸡-咸阳断裂以北地区存在古生界,并提出盆地北部斜坡地区古生界的油气成藏模式,以利于今后的油气勘探. 相似文献
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渭河断裂咸阳段活动性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过地貌追踪、浅层地震、钻孔联合剖面勘探及探槽开挖等,查明了渭河断裂咸阳段(杨家村—窑店)的展布和最新活动时代。结果表明,渭河断裂咸阳段从咸阳市北侧渭河阶地前缘陡坎通过,考虑到断裂在金家庄、东耳村一带存在一个左阶斜裂区,阶区宽约1 km,可将断裂分为东、西两段,即:杨家村—金家庄段和东耳村—窑店段。断裂总体走向NE,倾向S,倾角65°~75°,为同生正断层。程家村探槽显示断裂错断全新统黑垆土底界15 cm,该层底界14C测年结果为2 255 BP,顶界光释光(OSL)年龄测年结果为(3.7±0.41)ka,说明断裂在全新世有活动。渭河断裂咸阳段自晚更新世以来活动性逐渐减弱,全新世平均活动速率为0.04~0.12mm/a。 相似文献
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新乡-商丘断裂是南华北盆地与渤海湾盆地、鲁西隆起的分界断裂,是一条长期活动的区域性深大断裂。浅层地震勘探与跨断层钻孔联合剖面探测工作已证实该断裂延津至封丘段的最新活动时代为晚更新世,本文通过对典型地震勘探剖面和钻探资料综合分析认为:新乡-商丘断裂延津至封丘段断裂结构复杂,新近纪以来构造样式在不同构造部位有显著差异。延津段在地震勘探剖面上浅部显示为负花状构造;封丘段变化较大,东部在剖面上为多组阶状正断层组合,形成了由断层带控制的构造背斜,平面上表现为NW向排列、走向NNE雁列状断层组合;西部结构单一,自东向西断裂控制的浅部地层变形范围增大,断层带逐步变宽。根据新乡-商丘断裂延津至封丘段剖面上的构造样式与平面上的组合模式,表明该段断裂最新活动具有走滑运动性质。 相似文献
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The determination of the coefficient of viscosity of eruptive products gives useful elements to the knowledge of possible variations of composition and physical conditions of the magmas. 相似文献
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Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica - 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The magnetic evolution of the active region of the Sun at the level of the photosphere has been studied. Magnetic synoptic maps of the 2007 Kitt Peak Observatory were... 相似文献
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V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
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Josef Vykutil 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1968,12(2):217-220
Резюме Дается вывод формул для вычислений длины хорды, длины и азимутов нормаляных сечений и длины геодезической линии эллипсоида.
Применяются тригонометрические функции данных величин и постоянные принятого ргфгргнц-эллипсоида, что является целесообразным
при использовании вычислителQjных машин, особенно автоматов. Рабочие формулы рекомендуются в форме (8–11).
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
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Summary A simple model is proposed suitable for studying the effect of the ground layer of the atmosphere, polluted by aerosol, on the albedo. This model is founded on solving the equation of transfer of radiative energy. The numerical results are discussed, particular attention being paid to the analysis of errors due to neglecting the multiple reflection of solar radiation on the aerosol particles. A method which would also include the multiple reflection is proposed, and the conditions under which the presence of the aerosol is responsible for an increase or decrease of the solar radiation balance on the Earth's surface, are analysed. 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. W. A. Heiskanen 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1958,41(1):1-18
Summary The author mentions the aims of the World-wide gravity project he established in the Ohio State University in Columbus, in 1950. He outlines the practical procedure of the gravimetric computations of the undulationsN and the vertical deflection components and and emphasizes that only by the global international cooperation and additional gravity observations at sea carried out during the last decade it has been possible to gather to Columbus the needed gravity material. Since there exist still large gravimetrically unsurveyed areas it is of vital significance to study what gravity anomalies are best to be used for these regions. The given figures concerning the accuracy of theN, and , estimated theoretically and obtained in practice, indicate that in the gravimetrically well surveyed parts of the world like in Europe and the United States we can get gravimetrically on basis of existing gravity material theN-values with accuracy of about 5–10 meters, and and with the accuracy of about 1. The geoid undulationsN are already computed in Columbus for more than 6000 points of the northern hemisphere. The sample maps show the interesting geoid of Europe and vicinity between the latitudes 60° and 30° and longitude 5° W and 30° E, drafted on basis of more than 1000N-values computed at the corners of 1°×1° squares. It is interesting to realize that the geoid undulations in all this area are positive, the extreme values being between 40 and 50 meters. The geophysical significance of the geoid maps of this kind is pointed out. 相似文献
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Summary The maintenance of the axisymmetric component of the flow in the atmosphere is investigated by means of a steady-state, quasi-geostrophic formulation of the meteorological equations. It is shown that the meridional variations in the time-averaged axisymmetric variables can be expressed as the sum of three contributions, one being due to the eddy heat transport, another to the eddy momentum transport, and a third to the convective-radiative equilibrium temperature which enters the problem through the specification of a Newtonian form of diabatic heating. The contributions by the large scale eddies are evaluated through the use of observed values for the eddy heat and momentum transports.The contributions from each of the three forcing mechanisms to the temperature and zonal wind fields are invstigated individually and found to be of about equal importance. The sum of the three contributions are also presented for the temperature, the zonal wind, the stream function associated with the mean meridional circulation and the corresponding vertical motion. Although the results fail to reproduce the main observed features of the lower stratosphere, they are found to be in good agreement with observations in the middle latitude troposphere. At any pressure level, for example, the computed mean zonal wind has a jet-like profile and the axis of the jet is found to slope to the south with height, as observed in the atmosphere.Based in part on a thesis submitted by the first author as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree at the University of Michigan. — Publication No. 194 from the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, The University of Michigan. 相似文献
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Ivanka Jakubcová Věra Marvanová Miloš Pick Antonín Novotný Reviewer Z. Šimon 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1982,26(2):193-196
Summary The results of two different methods of the determination of the non-linearity of the gravimeter scale are compared; the economy is discussed as well. 相似文献