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1.
将每个震源机制解的两个节面交替取作尝试的断层面,使计算的断层面上的剪切力方向与观测的断层面的滑动方向夹角最小,从而根据29个震源机制解结果反演了唐山余震区三个分区的平均主应力方向和中等主应力相对大小。本文结果说明,唐山余震区的最大主应力轴水平,取近东西方向,较之1976年唐山大震前的方向可能水平地顺时针转动了大约30。对同样地区用平均P,B,T轴推断主应力方向的结果与用上述方法所得结果基本一致。所作的数值试验说明,在特定情况下,用平均P,B,T轴推断构造应力主轴方向时有可能出现系统偏差。 相似文献
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From focal mechanism solutions of the earthquakes in the northern part of North China during the period of 2002～2006,the directions of principal stress axes in 4 stress sub-districts are analyzed using a grid test method.The characteristic of present crustal stress directions is discussed.Based on this result and on the focal mechanism solutions calculated for some events in the period of 1977～1998,in combination with some other study results,the temporal variation of present crustal stress directions in the northern part of North China is investigated.The re-sults confirm that the direction of crustal principal stress in some regions had somewhat rotated after the 1976 Tangshan M7.8 earthquake.The mean P axes of the focal mechanism solutions rotated clockwise not only in Tangshan sub-district,but also in Beijing and Xingtai sub-districts after the Tangshan earthquake.In Beijing and Xingtai sub-districts the orientations of principal stress axes in the period of 2002～2006 are consistent with that before the Tangshan earthquake,implying that the stress orientations has rotated back to the state before the Tang-shan earthquake in these two sub-districts.The directions of the mean P axes are nearly E-W in Tangshan sub-dis-trict since the M7.8 earthquake.The present stress field in the sub-district northwest to Beijing,or in the western part of the Zhangjiakou-Bohai fault zone,is relatively stable during the time period concerned in this study.Because of the limitation of data,this paper only states a possible variation of stress field in the northern part of North China in the recent decades. 相似文献
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针对2008年8月30日在四川攀枝花-会理发生的Ms6.1地震序列,本研究基于四川和云南两省数字地震台网的宽频带波形记录,采用CAP方法反演了该序列主震及ML≥4.0余震的震源机制解.结果显示:主震震源机制解的两个主应力轴仰角小于10°,其中,主压力轴方位为140°;节面之一走向185°、西倾83°、滑动角5°,显示左旋走滑略兼逆冲分量的断层作用性质.结合余震、烈度分布以及震区的活动构造,判定该节面代表了主震的发震断层面,相应的发震断层应是穿越震区的近南北向红格断裂(南段).本研究还获得主震震源机制解的最佳拟合误差深度为10 km,与该事件的定位结果相一致.该序列中6次ML≥4.0余震也具有与主震类似的震源机制解.分析初步表明:空间上,2008年攀枝花-会理Ms6.1地震序列的震源机制解与研究区内更早地震的震源机制解具有良好的协调性,反映了该序列是在川滇地块SE-SSE向水平运动的背景下、沿近S-N向红格断裂发生左旋走滑略兼逆冲运动的结果. 相似文献
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Ｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｔｒｅｓｓｆｉｅｌｄｉｎｔｈｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｒｅｇｉｏｎａｒｏｕｎｄａｓｔｒｏｎｇｓｈｏｃｋ：ａｎｅｘａｍｐｌｅＧｕｔ－ＬｉｎｇＤＩＡＯ（刁桂苓），Ｌｉ－ＭｉｎＹＵ（于利民）ａｎｄＱｉｎ－ＺｕＬＩ（李钦祖）（Ｓｅｉｓｍｏｌｏｇｉ... 相似文献
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Introduction With the model of double couple point source, both orientations of the T, B, and P axes of a single focal mechanism solution and parameters of the two nodal planes may be determined. The focal mechanism solution under ″the model of the best double couple″ can also be given by seis- mic moment tensor, such as those provided by Harvard CMT solutions. The orientations of the T, B, and P axes from one earthquake are associated with the released stress, but they cannot be re- gar… 相似文献
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基于震源断层面解的空间取向和断层滑动方向，写出相应力轴张量在地理坐标系中的表达式，进而给出计算平均力轴张量及主值的方法，即通过求解相应的本征方程得到. 对使用多个震源机制解的T，B，P轴参数计算平均应力场的方法，以用滑动方向拟合法反演富蕴、唐山地区平均应力场数据进行验证，二者结果一致. 选择具有地震构造意义的地块或地震带内大量地震的震源机制解研究区域平均应力场. 根据川滇13个地震带（区）的256次中强地震的震源机制解，给出了各带（区）应力张量的定量分析结果. 该方法算法简便，使由大量地震震源机制解资料分析构造应力场的方法走向定量化. 相似文献
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ＣｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎａｎｄａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｔｈｅｓｔｒｅｓｓｆｉｅｌｄｉｎｔｈｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｒｅｇｉｏｎｏｆＴａｎｇｓｈａｎａｎｄＬａｎｃａｎｇｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓＧｕｉ－ＬｉｎｇＤＩＡＯ；（刁桂苓）Ｌｉ－ＭｉｎＹＵ；（于利民）... 相似文献
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The numerical method described in this paper enables the study in terms of stress of the kinematics of seismic faults provided by focal mechanisms. This method assumes a mean state of stress in the source region and is based on the simple mechanical model used for fault population analysis which supposes slip in the direction of the resolved shear stress acting on the fault plane. The proposed algorithm first defines compressional and tensional zones resulting from superimposition of the compressional and tensional quadrants limited by the nodal planes. This enables one to test the data homogeneity. Furthermore, this restricts the space where the principal stress axes have to be searched. Then, for each principal stress reference whose location is constrained by above confined zones, the R value (chosen equal to (σ2′ − σ1′)/(σ3′ − σ1′)) is computed which fits the slip vector on each nodal plane. This permits one to select a set of preferred seismic fault planes from a set of auxiliary planes. Finally, a state of stress is computed from the preferred seismic fault plane set using the non-linear simplex method already applied to fault populations. This algorithm is constructed so as to avoid two major difficulties: misleading estimation of the deviatoric stress tensor which may result from excessive emphasis by minimizing the residuals by a least squares method if some of the data are wrong and a lengthy prospection of the stress references over all the space of directions. This calculation does not take into account possible changes of the strike and dip of the nodal planes. However, we use rotations of nodal planes in agreement with the first arrival data to test the compatibility of these data with the computed state of stress. Tibetan teleseisms and southern Peruvian microseisms are analyzed and results are compared with kinematics of superficial recent and active faults measured in field in the same regions. This suggests that major seismic events may give a good evaluation of the regional (mean) state of stress. Focal mechanisms of the small events are also modelled by a mean stress deviator, but this differs significantly from the regional state of stress in southern Peru deduced from Quaternary faulting. This may be due to imprecise location of the small events. However, some movements are strongly different from those predicted by the computed mean stress deviator. This suggests that small fault kinematics surely depend on the regional state of stress but that local effects may control the small deformations. 相似文献
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Focal mechanism solutions and its tectonic significance in the trench of the eastern South China Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Introduction South China Sea (SCS) is located in the convergence zone between Euro-Asian plate, Pacific plate (Philippine plate) and Indian plate. Interactions of three plates made the crust of this region suffer tectonic stress in many directions and made the South China Sea be in the complex environ-ment of the tectonic stress. There are four different marginal types in the surrounding of the South China Sea: The tectonic zone of the rifting margin in the north of SCS, the NS direct… 相似文献
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基于2009年1月至2017年11月首都圈地区发生的8 061个地震事件的23 293条P波初动极性数据，采用改进的格点尝试法计算了首都圈地区单次地震的震源机制解和小震综合断层面解。在初步分析这些数据的基础上，利用计算得到的单次地震的震源机制解和搜集到的已有历史地震的震源机制解数据，运用线性反演法对首都圈地区构造应力场的时空变化特征进行了研究。结果显示:① 研究区的地震震源机制解类型以走滑型为主，正断型次之，这些地震震源机制解的P轴方位大都为ENE向和近EW向，与该地区的构造应力场方向基本一致，仅有个别地震的P轴方位为NNW向；② 首都圈地区的构造应力场具有较好的一致性和连续性，最大主应力轴方位由西部的ENE向至东部的近EW向呈现顺时针旋转的趋势，应力类型整体上为走滑型，这与以往的研究结果相一致；③ 通过与已有研究结果相比较认为:京西北地区现今构造应力场是相对稳定的，最大主应力轴未呈明显改变；唐山地区和北京地区的构造应力场（最大主应力轴）在1976年唐山地震前后可能发生了变化，唐山地震后一年至今（1977—2017年）是否发生变化，依据现有的计算结果尚不得而知，需要更多的研究来进一步验证. 相似文献
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使用小震机制解资料 ,分析了 1975年海城 7 3级和 1976年唐山 7 8级强震及 1983年菏泽 5 9级和 1995年苍山 5 2级中强震前 ,震源区及其周围不同构造部位应力场的时、空变化 ,证实震前震源区附近应力场曾有某些异常改变 ,如唐山强震前震源区周围出现长达 4a多的小震机制解主应力轴一致性取向的现象 ,菏泽地震前小震机制解P轴“集中—转向” ,苍山地震前P轴偏转且一致性增强。同时还发现 ,唐山地震前应力场异常变化开始时间可能早于 1972年 ;震源区内的陡河台与源外区的昌黎台小震综合机制解反映出震前的受力差异 ;震源断层附近不同应力区内震源机制解和地震活动有时空动态差异。这些现象一定程度上提供了不同构造条件和应力背景下 ,中、强震前震源区不同构造部位力学状态的改变或地震孕育过程的信息 ,对研究不同地震的孕震过程及差异有一定意义。 相似文献
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C. Chiarabba P. De Gori L. Chiaraluce P. Bordoni M. Cattaneo M. De Martin A. Frepoli A. Michelini A. Monachesi M. Moretti G. P. Augliera E. D'Alema M. Frapiccini A. Gassi S. Marzorati P. Di Bartolomeo S. Gentile A. Govoni L. Lovisa M. Romanelli G. Ferretti M. Pasta D. Spallarossa E. Zunino 《Journal of Seismology》2005,9(4):487-494
In October and November 2002, the Molise region (southern Italy) was struck by two moderate magnitude earthquakes within 24
hours followed by an one month long aftershocks sequence. Soon after the first mainshock (October 31st, 10.32 UTC, Mw 5.7), we deployed a temporary network of 35 three-component seismic stations. At the time of occurrence of the second main
event (November 1st, 15.08 UTC, Mw 5.7) the eight local stations already installed allowed us to well constrain the hypocentral parameters. We present the location
of the two mainshocks and 1929 aftershocks with 2 < ML < 4.2. Earthquake distribution reveals a E-trending 15 km long fault system composed by two main segments ruptured by the
two mainshocks. Aftershocks define two sub-vertical dextral strike-slip fault segments in agreement with the mainshock fault
plane solutions. P- and T-axes retrieved from 170 aftershocks focal mechanisms show a coherent kinematics: with a sub-horizontal NW and NE-trending
P and T-axes, respectively. For a small percentage of focal mechanisms (∼ 10%) a rotation of T axes is observed, resulting in thrust
solutions. The Apenninic active normal fault belt is located about 80 km westward of the 2002 epicentral area and significant
seismicity occurs only 20-50 km to the east, in the Gargano promontory. Seismic hazard was thought to be small for this region
because neither historical earthquake are reported in the Italian seismic catalogue or active faults were previously identified.
In this context, the 2002 seismic sequence highlights the existence of trans-pressional active tectonics in between the extensional
Apenninic belt and the Apulian foreland. 相似文献
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利用双差定位方法对玉树地震序列2010年4月14日至10月31日间发生的ML≥1.0地震进行双差定位,得到1545个地震的重定位结果.综合分析地震双差定位结果和玉树地震序列中强地震震源机制解,发现玉树MS7.3地震发震构造由北西向和北东东向两条相交断层组成,主震发生在北西走向的甘孜—玉树断裂带上,5月29日的MS5.9余震序列发生在北东东走向的一条隐伏断裂上,两条断裂均接近直立.甘孜—玉树断裂是羌塘地块和巴彦喀拉地块的构造边界,由于羌塘地块和巴颜喀拉地块的差异运动使甘孜—玉树断裂强耦合段应力高度积累,在应变能超过岩石强度时破裂失稳发生了MS7.3地震.主震断层的左旋滑动导致北东东向断层的正应力减小,库伦应力增加,45天后触发了MS5.9余震序列的活动. 相似文献
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利用河北及邻区地震台网提供的震相观测报告,使用双差定位方法,对2020年7月12日唐山古冶MS 5.1地震序列进行重新定位,并基于部分地震台站记录的波形资料,采用近震全波形方法,反演得到主震震源机制解。精定位结果显示,此次地震序列展布长度约8 km,余震自主震位置向SW扩展,震源深度优势分布范围在10—18 km,发震断层面较陡,倾向SE。震源机制解显示,主震为一次走滑型事件,结合序列展布形态和地震活动背景,SW—NE向近似直立节面为可能发震断层面,与1976年唐山MS 7.8主震断层特征基本一致。综上所述,古冶MS 5.1地震为唐山MS 7.8地震的又一次余震,属唐山老震区正常地震活动。 相似文献
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本文搜集了1976年7月28日至1979年12月31日期间唐山地震序列中所有M_s≥4.0地震的初动资料。这些资料来自于68个地震台的记录图和其它14个地震台的数据。其中,167次地震得到可靠的断层面解。对这些断层面解的分析表明,震源区介质中的应力经历了一个由震前紧张平衡态,经主震后的极不稳定态,逐渐向松驰平衡态演变的释放调整过程;对于余震区的不同部分,该过程存在着细节上的差异。两种平衡态下应力主轴的空间取向基本相同,这意味着制约唐山地区构造应力场的周围环境因素没有因发生唐山地震而改变。因此,该地区的构造运动将有继承性,而地震活动将会间歇性地重现。 相似文献
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由地震纵波初动符号的资料,求得了海城地震系列中Ms≥4.0的24个地震的断层面解。主震发生于1975年2月4日,它的一个节面走向N70°W,倾向NE,倾角81°;另一个节面走向N23°E,倾向SE,倾角75°。根据余震的空间分布以及地面形变资料选取N70°W的节面为断层面,主震是发生在这个近乎直立的断层面上的左旋走向滑动,略具正的倾向滑动分量。前震及大多数余震的震源机制和主震的相似,有四个Ms≥4.0的余震的震源机制和主震的迥然不同,表现出滑动向量和主震的滑动向量相反的断层错动方式。这种情况的一种可能的解释是主震时在断层的一些地段发生错动过头。 由野外资料及余震的空间分布资料计算了主震的震源参数。主震断层长70公里,宽20公里,平均错距45厘米,地震矩2.1×1026达因·厘米,应力降4.8巴,应变降7.3×10-6。它是发生在不能积累起较高应力的薄弱地带的一次低应力降的地震。 由地震纵波初动的半周期和振幅的资料计算了81个前震和余震的震源尺度、地震矩、应力降和平均错距。结果表明前震和余震的应力降都比较低,一般在0.1-1巴之间。余震区中有两个应力降相对说来比较高（高于0.8巴）的地区,它们恰好对应于主破裂错动过头的部位。这些结果意味着震前高应力、错动过头、相对高应力降和震源机制反向四者之间 相似文献
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1950年8月15日西藏察隅发生M8.6巨大地震.我们利用收集到的全球239个台站的P波资料,利用我国国家测震台网的常规定位方法和模型,对察隅M8.6强震序列进行了重新定位,并在此基础上重新计算了震源机制解.重定位后的结果表明,察隅M8.6强震序列显示出不同时段的震中分区分布特征:第1阶段是前震,1950年2月23日在墨脱北部雅鲁藏布江大拐弯的顶部发生;第2阶段是1950年8月15日─1950年8月18日,发生主震和之后3天内的余震,都分布在察隅附近,并且这些震中呈北西条带分布;第3阶段的余震是1950年8月22日─1950年9月13日,它们扩展到南部的印度和缅甸地区;第4阶段的余震是1950年9月30日─1951年4月15日,发生在西部的墨脱、错那等地.这四个分区的关联特点为顺时针旋移.重新计算后的震源机制解显示出:主震的NWW走向的节面与主震后2区内余震震中的NWW分布方向一致;序列中所有的压应力轴P和张应力轴T,都接近于水平向,其倾伏角大都小于20°;察隅主震和2区内余震的压应力轴P为近南北向,张应力轴T为近东西向;但3区和4区余震的P轴为近东西向,T轴为近南北向.反映出该强震序列中余震震源机制解的差异比较大. 相似文献
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A. Reinier Ritsema 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1964,59(1):58-74
Summary The reliability of earthquake fault plane solutions usingP andPKP first motion data is discussed. Effects of the usefulness of the individual data, of the number and distribution of data around the focus, of great velocity contrasts in the focal region, and of the kind of projection technique are considered. The increase of the number of inconsistent data by a change in position of the three principal axes can be used as a more or less objective measure for the reliability of a solution.A selection of 52 mantle shock solutions is presented. More than 75% of these shocks is of the thrust (or block) and the normal or reverse fault motion type. Transcurrent type shocks decrease from 40 to 50% in the upper 200 km of the mantle to less than 15% below this level. Thrust (or block) type fault motions clearly represent the normal reaction of the deeper mantle material to earthquake generating stresses. 相似文献