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利用非线性定位方法NLLoc,对22次人工定点爆破事件和88次福建仙游震群序列M≥1.5级地震事件进行重新定位,并与福建台网日常定位方法进行对比,讨论了NLLoc方法在台网日常业务应用中的可行性.研究结果表明,NLLoc算法无论是人工爆破还是天然地震,其定位结果在发震时刻误差、震中误差和震源深度误差等方面都优于现有定位方法结果,尤其是在震源深度确定方面NLLoc算法优势明显.该方法定位仙游序列活动初期深度较浅与CAP反演2012年4月15日ML4.1级地震的震源深度一致,地震序列活动中后期深度均值略小于理论估值;而正式目录的地震序列活动初期深度较深,震源深度差值较大,地震序列活动中期深度均值大于理论估值.NLLoc方法可用于台网日常地震定位,且有助于更好地解决震源深度测定问题,提高地震定位精度. 相似文献
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《地震地磁观测与研究》2016,(2)
根据新疆测震台网地震目录,对新疆地区2001年1月到2015年9月MS 2.0以上地震,分"九五"和"十五"两阶段进行震源深度统计分析,结果表明:平均震源深度和震源深度集中范围差别较大,与不同阶段定位方法及走时表的选择不同有关;震源深度50 km以下地震,空间分布基本一致,无集中区,而震源深度50 km以上地震存在集中区;"十五"以来浅源地震的震源深度不可靠,使用时需重新定位。 相似文献
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采用双差地震定位方法对安徽省霍山地区2009年1月1日至2014年6月13日发生的2 679个M_L≥0.0地震进行重新定位研究。对同一地震事件定位前后位置进行比较,得到各个地震在EW、N-S及U-D三个方向的偏差平均值分别为0.05km、0.06km及0.07km。重新定位后,原震源位置的定位精度大大提高,由定位误差所引起的原震源位置呈现的"网格状"假象分布现象得到明显改善,震中在空间上分布更加紧凑,丛集性明显,且呈现出3条NE向分布的地震密集带,与落儿岭—土地岭断裂方向大致一致。同时震源深度的分布更加精确,且在4~9km处存在明显的优势分布现象,占总数的88%以上。霍山地区浅源地震发育,表明该地区地壳中上部地震波速度较高。 相似文献
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采用双差定位方法，利用中国地震台网的数据对2017年8月9日精河6.6级地震的余震序列进行了重新定位。截至2017年8月14日16时，共获得209个余震的重新定位结果。结果显示，余震主要呈近EW向或NWW向分布，余震区长约50km，宽约17km。余震分布在主震的西侧，推断此次地震单侧破裂。余震震源深度为1～25km，其中，震级较大余震深度为8～17km。精河地震序列的余震活动随时间呈起伏状衰减，震后2天内比较活跃，此后出现较快衰减。随时间推移，余震区呈现中西部衰减慢、东部衰减快的特点。此次地震震中距2011年精河5.0级地震震中21km，相比2011年精河地震，其震源更深，震级更大，但震源机制解相近，均为逆冲型。结合区域构造背景分析认为，库松木契克山前断裂为此次地震发震构造的可能性较大。 相似文献
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使用区域一维速度模型,利用单纯形法,结合和田台阵的方位角测定了2014年2月12日新疆于田MS7.3地震的主震位置.使用双差定位方法对于田主震和465次余震序列进行了重新定位.结果表明:NS、EW和UD 3个方向的平均相对误差分别为0.13 km、0.14 km、0.15 km,平均走时残差为0.012 s.余震整体分布呈北东向展布,并向主震的西南和北东两个方向延伸,主震的西南方向长近40 km、宽约30 km,北东方向长近20 km、宽约20 km,震源深度集中在5～15 km.余震序列的空间形态沿破裂显示了分段和非均匀特征:主震的西南方向地震数量较多,展布较宽,且近南北向分布,震源深度优势分布在5 ～15 km之间;北东方向地震较少,震源深度优势分布在5 ～10 km之间;靠近山脉的地震震源要比远处的深.余震序列的时间特征为在震后的3天内,震源深度集中在5～15 km,此后的震源深度集中在5～10 km,震源深度总体呈现变浅的趋势. 相似文献
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Hypocenter和Hypo2000地震定位方法在攀枝花—会理地震序列中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用Hypocenter和Hypo2000地震定位法对2008年8月30日至2008 年11月30日四川攀枝花-会理发生的地震序列进行精确定位,就两种定位法的震中分布、深度剖面、地震震中平面距离差、震源深度做了对比分析.结果表明:Hypocenter地震定位法与Hypo2000地震定位法定位结果比较吻合,定位效果较好.从Hypo2000方法给出的定位结果可以看出震中集中和收敛更清晰地勾画出了地震断层的空间走向.地震序列震中呈近南北方向分布, 总长度约37 km..地震序列主要集中在元谋断裂带,震源深度的优势分布在5～15 km之间, 平均震源深度为9.7 km. 相似文献
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采用震源深度测定的确定性方法(PTD)和HypoSAT方法,使用新疆地震台网记录的原始地震波形数据,计算2015年7月3日皮山M_S 6.5主震和余震序列震源深度。结果显示,对于主震,采用PTD方法得到震源深度为21 km,采用HypoSAT方法得到震源深度为20 km;对于地震序列,采用PTD方法得到的震源深度主要分布在15—35 km,平均深度为23 km,而采用HypoSAT方法得到的震源深度主要分布在5—30 km,平均深度为19 km;采用PTD方法计算得到的震源深度较深,与中国地震局地球物理研究所采用矩张量反演得到的矩心深度(24 km)相差不大。 相似文献
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晋冀鲁豫交界地区震源位置及震源区速度结构的联合反演 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用邯郸数字台网记录到的2001—2008年间460次ML≥1.0地震的1861条P波到时数据, 采用震源位置和速度结构联合反演方法确定晋冀鲁豫交界地区(35.0°~38.0°N, 113.0°~116.0°E)地震的震源位置分布和该区域的速度结构。 结果表明: ① 经过重新定位后, P波走时的均方根残差(RMS)由反演前的1.35 s降到反演后的0.45 s。 定位偏差在EW方向上平均为0.031 km, 在NS方向上平均为0.029 km, 在垂直方向上平均为0.060 km。 ② 邢台震区的中小地震明显呈NEE向分布, 深度主要集中分布在7~14 km范围内; 磁县震区中小震分布相对复杂, 具有NEE和NWW两个展布方向, 震源深度主要集中在8~18 km范围内, 总体上晋冀鲁豫交界地区中小地震深度呈现北部浅南部深的趋势。 ③ 反演得到了晋冀鲁豫交界地区的速度结构, 在邢台地震极震区下方7~14 km处存在低速层, 与1966年邢台7.2级地震的震源深度一致;在磁县地震极震区下方13~18 km处也存在低速层与1831年磁县7.5级地震震源深度一致, 且磁县震区下方的速度结构比邢台震区更为复杂。 相似文献
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本文详细介绍一种地震定位方法--特定震源台站校正定位法(Source-Specific Station Term, SSST),并应用该方法对安徽大别山的霍山地区1976~2008年发生的地震进行重新定位研究.重新定位后,原震源位置的精度得以大大提高、空间上分布也更加紧凑.使用bootstrap法对定位偏差进行估计,得到E-W、N-S、U-D三个方向的定位误差分别为0.4 km、0.6 km、0.9 km;定位均方根残差得以很大程度上减小,其均值由定位前的1.34 s下降到定位后的0.11 s.文中比较了特定震源台站校正方法与双差方法,结果表明,相对于双差方法,特定震源台站校正法定位条件容易满足,定位后缺失地震较少且还具有一定的绝对定位作用.应用特定震源台站校正方法的结果对霍山区域的地震活动性进行分析,发现重定位后显示出3条明显的密集条带,由此划分出3个密集区并分析其时空分布特征,结果显示这3个密集区在深度上分布都具有较浅的特征,但随时间分布却有所差异.条件允许时,将来可以结合波形互相关技术进一步提高定位精度. 相似文献
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D. M. Pechersky A. A. Lyubushin Z. V. Sharonova 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2010,46(7):613-623
The data on geomagnetic reversals are compared with the changes in the organic world and with the lower-mantle plumes. The
times of the formation of plumes and the times of their appearance on the Earth’s surface relate to the intervals characterized
by the different frequencies of geomagnetic reversals, i.e., there is no interrelation between the formation of plumes and
the frequency of the changes in the geomagnetic field polarity. At the same time, a certain synchronism is observed between
the frequency of the geomagnetic reversals and the boundaries of the biostratigraphic ages, i.e., the changes in the organic
world in the long-period range. A hypothesis is proposed, which explains the change in the sign of the geomagnetic field by
the combined effect of the irregular rotation of the internal core relative to the mantle and the changes in the slope angle
of the axis of the Earth’s rotation, which, in turn, results in synchronous events on the Earth’s surface: the rates of changes
in the organic world. 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. W. A. Heiskanen 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1958,41(1):1-18
Summary The author mentions the aims of the World-wide gravity project he established in the Ohio State University in Columbus, in 1950. He outlines the practical procedure of the gravimetric computations of the undulationsN and the vertical deflection components and and emphasizes that only by the global international cooperation and additional gravity observations at sea carried out during the last decade it has been possible to gather to Columbus the needed gravity material. Since there exist still large gravimetrically unsurveyed areas it is of vital significance to study what gravity anomalies are best to be used for these regions. The given figures concerning the accuracy of theN, and , estimated theoretically and obtained in practice, indicate that in the gravimetrically well surveyed parts of the world like in Europe and the United States we can get gravimetrically on basis of existing gravity material theN-values with accuracy of about 5–10 meters, and and with the accuracy of about 1. The geoid undulationsN are already computed in Columbus for more than 6000 points of the northern hemisphere. The sample maps show the interesting geoid of Europe and vicinity between the latitudes 60° and 30° and longitude 5° W and 30° E, drafted on basis of more than 1000N-values computed at the corners of 1°×1° squares. It is interesting to realize that the geoid undulations in all this area are positive, the extreme values being between 40 and 50 meters. The geophysical significance of the geoid maps of this kind is pointed out. 相似文献
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Summary The maintenance of the axisymmetric component of the flow in the atmosphere is investigated by means of a steady-state, quasi-geostrophic formulation of the meteorological equations. It is shown that the meridional variations in the time-averaged axisymmetric variables can be expressed as the sum of three contributions, one being due to the eddy heat transport, another to the eddy momentum transport, and a third to the convective-radiative equilibrium temperature which enters the problem through the specification of a Newtonian form of diabatic heating. The contributions by the large scale eddies are evaluated through the use of observed values for the eddy heat and momentum transports.The contributions from each of the three forcing mechanisms to the temperature and zonal wind fields are invstigated individually and found to be of about equal importance. The sum of the three contributions are also presented for the temperature, the zonal wind, the stream function associated with the mean meridional circulation and the corresponding vertical motion. Although the results fail to reproduce the main observed features of the lower stratosphere, they are found to be in good agreement with observations in the middle latitude troposphere. At any pressure level, for example, the computed mean zonal wind has a jet-like profile and the axis of the jet is found to slope to the south with height, as observed in the atmosphere.Based in part on a thesis submitted by the first author as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree at the University of Michigan. — Publication No. 194 from the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, The University of Michigan. 相似文献
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综合APIA、HONOLULU、PAMATAI 3个地磁台三分量的11年周期变化的形态后，可定性地提出该变化源于内场。如内源为核幔边界的电涡流，则其中心点应位于3台之间。 相似文献
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V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
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The nutations of the planets Mars andEarth are investigated and compared. Alarge number of interior structureparameters are involved in the nutationcomputations. The comparison between the observations and the computationsprovides several constraints on these parmeters andtherefore allows a better understanding of the physics of the interior of theplanet. For the Earth, the high precision of the observations of the nutationshas led to a very good determination of interior properties of the planet. ForMars, observations of nutations are not yet available, and we review how theamplitude of the Martian nutations depends on the hypotheses consideredfor its interior. Although Mars is very similar to the Earth, its interior is not well known;for example, we don't knowif its core is liquid or solid. Only if the core is liquid,the Free Core Nutation (FCN) normal mode exists and can alter the nutationswhich are close to the resonance. From the observed geoids, it is known thatboth planets are not in hydrostatic equilibrium. The departure is larger forMars than for the Earth, and consequently, the implication of considering a convective mantle instead of a mantle in hydrostatic equilibrium described byClairaut's equation for the initial equilibrium state of the planet is largeron the Martian nutations than on the Earth nutations. The consequences of theuncertainty in the core dimensions are also examined and shown to be of a veryhigh influence for Mars if the core is liquid, due to the potential changes inthe FCN resonance. The influence of the presence of an inner core, which isknown to exist for the Earth, could be more important for Mars than for theEarth if the inner core is large. Due to the presence of Tharsis on Mars, thetriaxiality of this planet has, additionally, larger effects than on Earth. 相似文献
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The global database on the paleointensity, containing determinations of the virtual dipole moment (VDM) for a stable (normal) regime of the geomagnetic field in a time interval of up to 3.5 Ga, is supplemented by new VDM determinations and analyzed. The field generation process started no later than 3–3.5 Ga (earlier data are absent) at the stage of the Earth’s core formation. Since that time, the dipole value has differed from its present value by no more than an order of magnitude, and the deviations that have already been detected tend toward smaller values. The distribution of VDM values in the time interval 0–400 Ma is bimodal, which apparently reflects the presence of two different generation levels of the geomagnetic field distinguished by a relatively large value (close to the present field value) and a relatively small value (approximately half as large as the present value). The total duration of decreased VDM values appreciably exceeds that of increased VDM values (179.1 and 28.6 Myr, respectively). On the whole, data on the paleointensity do not contradict the hypothesis about the dipole nature of the field over the last 400 Myr; however, the number of determinations at high paleolatitudes is too small to draw decisive conclusions on the validity (or invalidity) of the dipole field approximation based solely on paleointensity data. 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The evolution of the magnetic configuration in the solar corona is studied. The curvature of the K-corona helmets obtained from an analytical approximation of the... 相似文献